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淡酒
上传于：2024-07-29
2020年高考英语真题试卷（新课标Ⅰ）（含听力音频）
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）（共5题；共7.5分）
1.Where are the speakers?
A. At a swimming pool. B. In a clothing shop. C. At a school lab.
【答案】 B
【考点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
2.What will Tom do next?
A. Turn down the music. B. Postpone the show. C. Stop practicing.
【答案】 C
【考点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
3.What is the woman busy doing?
A. Working on a paper. /B. Tidying up the office. /C. Organizing a party.
【答案】 C
【考点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
4.When will Henry start his vacation?
A. This weekend. /B. Next week. /C. At the end of August.
【答案】 A
【考点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
5.What does Donna offer to do for Bill?
A. Book a flight for him. /B. Drive him to the airport. /C. Help him park the car.
【答案】 B
【考点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）（共5题；共22.5分）
6.听材料，回答问题。
（1）Why does Pete call Lucy?
A.To say that he'll be late. B.To tell her about his work. C.To invite her to dinner.
（2）When is Pete going to see Lucy?
A.At 6:00 pm. B.At 6:45 pm. C.At 8:00 pm.
【答案】 （1）A （2）B
【考点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
7.听材料，回答问题。
（1）Why does Cathy want to quit her job？
A.She'll join another firm. B.She'll run her own business. C.She's fed up with it.
（2）What is Mark's attitude towards Cathy's decision?
A.Forgiving. B.Sympathetic. C.Supportive.
（3）What might Cathy do for the present company?
A.Apply for a project. B.Train a new person. C.Recommend an engineer.
【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）B
【考点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
8.听材料，回答问题。
（1）How did the man feel about his performance today?
A.Greatly encouraged. B.A bit dissatisfied. C.Terribly disappointed.
（2）What did the man say helped him overcome the problem?
A.Patience. B.Luck. C.Determination.
（3）What is the woman doing?
A.Conducting an interview. B.Holding a press conference. C.Hosting a ceremony.
【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）A
【考点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
9.听材料，回答问题。
（1）What is next to the apartment building？
A.A restaurant. B.A laundry. C.A grocery store.
（2）Which is included in the rent？
A.Electricity. B.The Internet. C.Satellite TV.
（3）What does the woman think of the apartment？
A.It's quite large. B.It's well furnished. C.It's worth the money.
【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）C
【考点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
10.听材料，回答问题。
（1）Where is Jeff from？
A.Liverpool. B.Coventry. C.Newcastle.
（2）Where do young men go to watch big games according to Jeff？
A.Pubs. B.Stadiums. C.Friends' homes.
（3）Why does Jeff have to pick a team to support？
A.To avoid being bothered. B.To open a conversation. C.To earn respect from others.
（4）What does Jeff mainly talk about？
A.England's moment of success. B.English flag as a symbol of hope. C.England's all-time favourite sport.
【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）A （4）C
【考点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】略
三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）（共4题；共30分）
11.阅读理解
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property (失物招领)
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.
The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located (位于) at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days, i.e.
Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.
Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable, Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart
Origin
Destination
Arrive
6:42pm
Altandi
Varsity Lakes
7:37pm
7:29pm
Central
Varsity Lakes
8:52pm
8:57pm
Fortitude Valley
Varsity Lakes
9:52pm
11:02pm
Roma Street
Varsity Lakes
12:22am
（1）What would you do get ticker information?
A.Call 13 16 17. B.Visit translink .com.au. C.Ask at the local station. D.Check the train schedule.
（2）At which station can you find the lost property office?
A.Altandi. B.Roma Street. C.Varsity Lakes. D.Fortitude Valley.
（3）Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?
A.6:42 pm. B.7:29 pm. C.8:57 pm. D.11:02 pm.
【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）B
【考点】细节理解题，时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时间等信息。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“For ticket information, please ask your local station or call 13 12 30.”查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。可知，可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票信息。故选C。 （2）考查细节理解。根据 Lost property (失物招领)部分中的“The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located at Roma Street station.”失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业，位于罗马街车站可知，在Roma Street可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。 （3）考查细节理解。根据Guardian trans表格中第三行的信息，可知从起始地Central出发，开往目的地Varsity Lakes的火车是下午7:29开车。因此，要从Central去往Varsity Lakes，你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
12.阅读理解
Returning to a book you've read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. There's a welcome familiarity — but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books don't change, people do. And that's what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. It's true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, it's all about the present. It's about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.
There are three books I reread annually The first, which I take to reading every spring is Emest Hemningway's A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it's his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的), an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillard's Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar's Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because poetry. And because Cortazar.
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifs, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author's work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it's you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
（1）Why does the author like rereading?
A.It evaluates the writer-reader relationship. B.It's a window to a whole new world. C.It's a substitute for drinking with a friend. D.It extends the understanding of oneself.
（2）What do we know about the book A Moveable Feas!?
A.It's a brief account of a trip. B.It's about Hemingway's life as a young man. C.It's a record of a historic event. D.It's about Hemingway's friends in Paris.
（3）What does the underlined word "currency" in paragraph 4 refer to?
A.Debt B.Reward. C.Allowance. D.Face value.
（4）What can we infer about the author from the text?
A.He loves poetry. B.He's an editor. C.He's very ambitious. D.He teaches reading.
【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）B （4）A
【考点】推理判断题，词义猜测题，教育文化类，说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了重新阅读的意义和益处并向读者介绍了作者每年重读的三本书。作者鼓励读者去重新阅读书籍。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.”但是书没变，人变了。那就是使重新阅读行为如此丰富和富于变化之处；以及第二段中的“The beauty of rereading lies in that our bond with the work is based on our present register. It is true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings.”重新阅读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系是基于我们现在的心理状态。真的，我年纪越大，就越觉得时光飞逝。可推知，作者喜欢重新阅读是因为重新阅读可以扩展对自己的理解。故选D。 （2）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.”及“an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time”可知，这本书出版于1964年，这是他关于20世纪20年代在巴黎的经典回忆录，是他老年时对那些野心勃勃却更简单的日子的回顾。可推断A Movable Feast是关于海明威年轻时的生活。故选B。 （3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“...，while money is indeed wonderful and necessary,”虽然金钱确实是美妙而必要的，可知，前后句为转折关系，根据上下文的语境可知，“rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.”意为：但是但重新阅读作品是读者能支付给他们的最高回报，由此判断出划线词的意思是“回报”。故选B。 （4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“The third book is Julio Cortázar’s Save Twilight: selected poems, because poetry.”第三本书是胡里奥·科塔扎的《拯救暮光之城: 诗歌精选》，因为诗歌。可知，作者是由于喜欢诗歌而喜欢这本书。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
13.阅读理解
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It's this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
（1）Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?
A.They must run long distances. B.They are qualified for the marathon. C.They have to follow special rules. D.They are good at swinging their legs.
（2）What advantage does race walking have over running?
A.It's more popular at the Olympics. B.It's less challenging physically. C.It's more effective in body building. D.It's less likely to cause knee injuries.
（3）What is Dr. Norberg's suggestion for someone trying race walking?
A.Getting experts' opinions. B.Having a medical checkup. C.Hiring an experienced coach. D.Doing regular exercises.
（4）Which word best describes the author's attitude to race walking?
A.Skeptical. B.Objective. C.Tolerant. D.Conservative.
【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）A （4）B
【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，说明文，医疗保健
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但是之前受过伤的人，要想从事这样运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times.”但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接触。可知，竞走运动员是需要具备某些条件的运动员是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选C。 （2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers.”一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D。 （3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique”事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。可知，Dr. Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第一段“Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.”研究表明，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤。不过，它也有自己的问题。由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
14.阅读理解
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. "We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day," explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow (发光) in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps. in the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant's lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off" switch" where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源)—such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission (传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A.A new study of different plants. B.A big fall in crime rates. C.Employees from various workplaces. D.Benefits from green plants.
（2）What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?
A.To detect plants' lack of water B.To change compositions of plants C.To make the life of plants longer. D.To test chemicals in plants.
（3）What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?
A.They will speed up energy production. B.They may transmit electricity to the home. C.They might help reduce energy consumption. D.They could take the place of power plants.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.Can we grow more glowing plants? B.How do we live with glowing plants? C.Could glowing plants replace lamps? D.How are glowing plants made pollution-free?
【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）C （4）C
【考点】主旨大意题，细节理解题，段落大意题，科普环保类，说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物，介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。 （1）考查段落大意。根据第一段中的“A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example ,discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.”例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中，当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%。可知，第一段的主旨是关于绿色植物的益处。故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“These include plants that have sensors printed on their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.”这就包括叶子上印有传感器来显示植物缺水的情况的植物，还有一种植物可以检测到地下水中的有害化学物质。可知，麻省理工学院工程师植物叶片上印上传感器的作用是检测植物缺水的情况。故选A。 （3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.”发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。可知，这种发光的植物在未来可能有助于减少能源消耗。故选C。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“ Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源)—such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission (传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.”照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。由于照明通常远离电源，例如从发电厂到偏僻公路上路灯的距离，在传输过程中会损失大量能源。发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。结合文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物，介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。由此可知选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，段落大意和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
四、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）（共1题；共10分）
15.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. ________ Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●________ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ________ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? "That didn't go as planned. But, I tried my best."
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. ________
●Now that you've listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. ________ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
【答案】 B；F；D；C；A
【考点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。 （1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据标题“A Few Tips for Self-acceptance”自我接纳的几点建议；以及空后“Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.”这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。可知，B. Where do you start?“从哪里开始呢？”符合语境，故选B。 （2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.”你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.“停止把自己和别人进行比较。”可以作为本段中心句，故选F。 （3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.”原谅自己所犯的错误；以及空后“You will make mistakes, time and time again.”你会一次又一次地犯错误。可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。D. Remember, you are only human.“记住，你只是个人。”承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 （4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.”列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.“没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。”符合语境，故选C。 （5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.”用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话；以及空后“Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? ”翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。A. Feeling upset again?“再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？”符合上下文语境，故选A。 【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
五、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）（共1题；共30分）
16.阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 1 is obvious. If we 2 it is a door, they'll want to go outside 3 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 4 . But our insisting it's 5 a window has kept them from 6 millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they'll 7 and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a 8 .I wonder if 9