2014年河南师范大学翻译真题及答案

英译汉 Rural Life in England Washington Irving          Nothing can be more imposing than the magnificence of English park scenery. Vast lawns that extend like sheets of vivid green, with here and there clumps of gigantic trees, heaping up rich piles of foliage: the solemn pomp of groves and woodland glades, with the deer trooping in silent herds across them; the hare, bounding away to covert; or the pheasant, suddenly bursting upon the wing: the brook, taught to wind in natural meanderings or expand into a glassy lake: the sequestered pool, reflecting the quivering trees, with the yellow leaf sleeping on its bosom, and the trout roaming fearlessly about its limpid waters; while some rustic temple or sylvan statue, grown green and dank with age, gives an air of classic sanctity to the seclusion.　　 These are but a few of the features of park scenery; but what most delights me, is the creative talent with which the English decorate the unostentatious abodes of middle life. The rudest habitation, the most unpromising and scanty portion of land, in the hands of an Englishman of taste, becomes a little paradise.　　The sterile spot grows into loveliness under his (an Englishman) hands, and yet the operations of art which produce the effect are scarcely to be perceived. The cherishing and training of some trees; the cautious pruning of others; the nice distribution of flowers and plants of tender and graceful foliage; the introduction of a green slope of velvet turf; the partial opening to a peep of blue distance, or silver gleam of water: all these are managed with a delicate tact, a pervading yet quiet assiduity, like the magic touchings with which a painter finishes up a favorite picture.　　The residence of people of fortune and refinement in the country has diffused a degree of taste and elegance in rural economy that descends to the lowest class. The very laborer, with his thatched cottage and narrow slip of ground, attends to their embellishment. The trim hedge, the grass, plot before the door, the little flower, bed bordered with snug box, the woodbine trained up against the wall, and hanging its blossoms about the lattice, the pot of flowers in the window, the holly, providently planted about the house, to cheat winter of its dreariness, and to throw in a semblance of green summer to cheer the fireside: all these bespeak the influence of taste, flowing down from high sources, and pervading the lowest levels of the public mind. If ever Love, as poets sing, delights to visit a cottage, it must be the cottage of an English peasant. 英国乡景 华盛顿 欧文 英国园林景致的娇丽确实天下无双。那里真的是处处芳草连天,翠茵匝地,其间巨树蓊郁,浓荫翳日;在那林薮与空旷处,不时可以瞥见结队漫游的鹿群,四处窜匿的野兔与突然扑簌而起的山鸡;一湾清溪,蜿蜒迂徐,极具天然曲折之美;时而又汇潴为一带晶莹的湖面;远处幽潭一泓,林木倒映其中,随风摇漾,把水面的黄叶轻轻送入梦乡,而水下的鳟鱼,往来迅猛,正腾跃于澄澈的素波之间；周围的一些破败的庙宇雕像,虽然粗都简陋,霉苔累累,却也给这幽僻之境凭添了某种古拙之美。  这些还不过是因林之眭的一斑;其中最使我艳羡不置的则是英人;那种善于把中等人家的一些平凡住处点缀入妙的独具匠心。凡间粗陋的房间,一片毫无佳胜的窄地,一旦到了一位有艺术情趣的英国人手里,都不愁把它变作一座人间福地。凭着他那精于去取的明敏目光,他马上使相中了这里的一切可能,于是整个布局在他可谓己胸有丘壑。 原来的荒芜贫癖在他的手下 迅速变得葱笼可爱;然而这一切效果又仿佛得之天然。 某些树木的当植当培,当剪当伐;某些花卉的当疏当密,杂错间置,以成清荫敷秀,花影参差之趣;何处须巧借地形,顺势筑坡,以收芳草连绵,茵茵席地之效;何处又宜少见轩敞,别有洞天,使人行经其间得以远眺天青,俯瞰波碧:所有这一切确曾费煞意匠心血,同时又不露惨淡经营的痕迹,正像一帧佳作脱稿之前那画师的奇绝而浑成的点睛之笔。   富人雅士的精筑别业之美浸假而传至下层社会, 因而在整个乡间蔚成风气。甚至以种地为生的贫苦农民,家中不过茅屋数椽,土地有限,也无不力争上游,把个居处内外精心美化。他们家家把树篱剪得齐齐,门前蓄上草坪,小巧的花坛周围环以黄杨,壁上爬满忍冬,等瓣葳菜,悬垂檐下,倩影罩窗,窗台之上盆花簇簇,五色绚烂,环室则广植一些不太费钱的冬青,置身其间,恍然有冬去春回之感,而进入室内,熊熊壁炉之侧却又清荫片片,满眼凉绿,与炉火相映成趣:这一切无不是风气所渐,上行下效而致。如果诗人所歌咏的爱神也肯降尊光临人间的草舍茅屋的话,那怕唯有英国的农家当得起仙人一顾。  汉译英 从19世纪40年代之后的鸦片战争、甲午战争，至20世纪30年代的日本侵华战争，中国惨遭东西方列强的屠戮和极其野蛮的经济掠夺；再加上封建腐败和连年内乱，中国主权沦丧、生灵涂炭、国力衰弱、民不聊生。深重的灾难、惨痛的事实使中华民族深知和平之珍贵、发展之重要。这样的历史实践形成了中国人民渴望和平、企求安定的心理，坚定了中国人民走和平发展道路的信念。 1949年新中国成立后，我们在发展道路上艰辛探索，既经历过成功的喜悦，