全国英语等级考试作文句型

以下是短文写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式，每组句式的功能相同或相似，考生可根据自己的情况选择其中的1-2个，做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。 　　1.表示原因 1)There are three reasons for this. 2)The reasons for this are as follows. 3)The reason for this is obvious. 4)The reason for this is not far to seek. 5)The reason for this is that.…… 6)We have good reason to believe that.…… 　　例如： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life. Firstly，people's living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly， most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like. Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life. 注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life. There are three reasons for this.这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。 　　2.表示好处 1)It has the following advantages. 2)It does us a lot of good. 3)It benefits us quite a lot. 4)It is beneficial to us. 5)It is of great benefit to us. 　　例如： Books are like friends. They can help us know the world better， and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore， reading extensively is of great benefit to us. 　　3.表示坏处 1)It has more disadvantages than advantages. 2)It does us much harm. 3)It is harmful to us. 　　例如： However， everything divides into two.Television can also be harmful to us. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television. 　　4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能 1)It is important(necessary，difficult，convenient， possible)for sb.to do sth. 2)We think it necessary to do sth. 3)It plays an important role in our life. 　　例如： Computers are now being used everywhere， whether in the government，in schools or in business.Soon， computers will be found in every home，too. We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age. 　　5.表示措施 1)We should take some effective measures. 2)We should try our best to overcome(conquer)the difficulties. 3)We should do our utmost in doing sth. 4)We should solve the problems that we are confronted(faced)with. 例如： The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious. Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it. 　　6.表示变化 1)Some changes have taken place in the past five years. 2)A great change will certainly be produced in the world's communications. 3)The computer has brought about many changes in education. 　　例如： Some changes have taken place in people's diet in the past five years. The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek.Nowadays， more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein， and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins. 　　7.表示事实、现状 1)We cannot ignore the fact that.…… 2)No one can deny the fact that.…… 3)There is no denying the fact that.…… 4)This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in. 5)However，that's not the case. 　　例如： We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution. To solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution. The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment. 　　8.表示比较 1)Compared with A，B.…… 2)I prefer to read rather than watch TV. 3)There is a striking contrast between them. 　　例如： Compared with cars， bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable.Firstly， they do not consume natural resources of petroleum.Secondly， they do not cause the pollution problem.Last but not least， they contribute to people's health by giving them due physical 　1、... the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read， etc) ... the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read， etc) 　　例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。 　　Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。 　　2、Nothing is + ~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V 　　例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。 3、 ... cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.(再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过。) 　　例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 　　4、There is no denying that + S + V ……(不可否认的……) 　　例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。 　　5、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子(全世界都知道……) 　　例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。 　　6、There is no doubt that + 句子(毫无疑问的……) 　　例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。 　　7、An advantage of ... is that + 句子(……的优点是……) 　　例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create (produce) any pollution.使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。 　8、The reason why + 句子 ... is that + 句子(……的原因是……) 　　例句： The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ 　　The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。 　　9、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子(如此……以致于……) 　　例句：So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。 　　10、Adj + as + Subject(主词)+ be， S + V...(虽然……) 　　例句：Rich as our country is， the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. 　　{by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。 　　11、The+~er+S+V，...the+~er+S+V... 　　The+more+Adj+S　+V，... the+more+Adj+S+V...(愈……愈……) 　　例句：The harder you work，the more progress you make.你愈努力，你愈进步。 　　The　more books we　read， the more learned we become.我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。 　　12、By　+Ving，　...　can　...(借着……，……能够……) 　　例句：By　taking　exercise，　we　can　always　stay　healthy.借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。 　　 13、...enable+Object(受词)+to+V(……使……能够……) 　　例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。 　　14、On no account can we+V...(我们绝对不能……) 　　例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。 15、It is time+S+过去式(该是……的时候了) 　　例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems. 该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。 　　16、Those　who　...(……的人……) 　　例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。 　　17、There is no one but...(没有人不……) 　　例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.没有人不渴望上大学。 　　18、be+forced/compelled/obliged+to+V(不得不……) 　　例句：Since the examination is around the corner，I am compelled to give up doing sports. 既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。 　　19、It is conceivable that+句子(可想而知的) 　　It is obvious that +句子(明显的) It is apparent that+句子(显然的) 　　例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life. 可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。 　　20、That is the reason why...(那就是……的原因) 　　例句：Summer is sultry.That is the reason why I don't like it.夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。 　　21、For the past+时间，S+现在完成式……(过去……年来，……一直……) 　　例句：For the past two years,I have been busy preparing for the examination.过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。 　　22、Since+S+过去式，S+现在完成式 　　例句：Since he went to senior high school，he has worked very hard.自从他上高中，他一直很用功。 第一部份：Dialogues /monologues: 　　1、You can tell they lived during the Depression.这个句子中"tell”是断定的意思，常常把它的意思与(告知、告诉)联系在一起，脑子便转不过弯来。 　　翻译为： 你可以断定他们生活在那时的大萧条期。 　　2、He really knows how to bring a person out.“bring a person out.”是“鼓励一个人的”的意思。 　　翻译为：他非常善于鼓励别人/使别人振作起来。 　　例：to bring sb……out意思为：to make someone feel more comfident, happy, and friendly /使某人更加自信、开朗。 　　3、He looks like his fun to be with. 　　翻译为：他看起来是个很有意思的人。或，和他在一起应该会很有意思。 　　4、Since we're going to recruit some staff so that we can get our new school going in time.这里的since, 和so that 是基于……原因的意思.根据意思将其译成：届时……将……以便…… 　　翻译为：届时我们将聘请一些工作人员以便使我们的新学校及时开学。 　　5、Would you address character description for the commercial and industrial arts staff? 　　翻译为：你能够给商业与工艺美术的职员讲讲特征描述吗? arts跟前面的commercial and indutrial连在一起看，而非与后面的staff:(the commercial and industrial arts) staff. 　　6、There are a number of other positions to consider.“A number of”换成 “a lot of”或者是“a great many”行不行，为什么? 　　可以换成a lot of或a great many of,因为position是可数名词。如果这里是不可数名词，则只能用a number of代替而不能用a great many.修饰可数/不可数都行：a number of/a lot of,只能修饰可数：a great many of(与many性质一样) 　　7、Would you mind letting me take a look in your briefcase?将“letting me”换成“let me”行不行，为什么? 　　不行，mind是动词，后面不能直接跟动词原形，一般接名词(或动名词),这里的letting是let的动名词形式。 　　8、I'm afraid I certainly do mind, if it's all the same to you.“Do mind”与“all the same”什么意思? 　　do mi ind: 在英语中强调动词，用助动词do(各种时态)+动词原形。all the same: 完全一样，用于强调。 　　如：Although you didn't complete it in time, I appreciate you all the same.尽管你没有及时完成，我还是一样很感激你。 　　9、One day the life free from the harsh decrees of state-sponsored racial repression. (种族压迫)在这句话中，state-sponsored 翻译成什么意思最好? 　　state-sponsored：国家发起的。用于修饰racial repression(种族压迫)，是复合形容词，复合形容词的相结合。 　　10、The state in which she was born had laws in place waiting to characterize her as unwelcome. 　　翻译为：在她出生的洲有专门针对象她那一类人并将他们列为不受欢迎人士的法律。 　　11、Present was the usual mix that had so often accumulated into a burden too heavy for a single-parent household like the one Oprah Winfrey grew up in. 　　翻译为：目前，这种平常的税收会不断地压迫在家庭的身上,就象Winfrey 这样的例子。 　　12、One day the life free from the harsh decrees of state-sponsored racial repression. 　　整句话的意思是：有一天，生活可以从洲政府怂恿的残酷种族压迫中解放。 　　练习： 　　The circumstances surrounding the birth of a female infant in Kosciusko, Mississippi, on Jan.29, 1954,were not promising present was the usual mix that had so often accumulated into a burden too heavy for a single-parent household like the one Oprah Winfrey grew up in. The state in which she was born had laws in place waiting to characterize her as unwelcome, to bar her participation in otherwise accebtable social activities, to shackle her to the residue of slavery and other injustices of the past. The simple truth is that her grandmother, her great-grandmother and all the great-great-grandmothers before them never experienced one day of life free from the harsh decrees of state-sponsored racial repression. 　　In hindsight, it appears that her birth was an uneventful one. But at age three she was reciting speeches from church pulpits. Upon discovering books, the child delved into the written word, turning out weekly book reports for her father. Even during turbulent times, not a moment was wasted. Seeds were being planted, watered, and nurtured. On April 13, 1964, nearly an adolescent and watching television from the linoleum floor of her mother's walk-up flat in something deep inside of her. She was watching the live broadcast of the Academy Awards ceremony and saw a young African-American actor receiving the film industry's highest honor. Sharing in that moment and all it implied she later told me, caused her to say softly to herself, "If he can do that, I wonder what I could do?" 　　The ground had been set. The journey of Oprah Winfrey had begun. The babe, the child, the adolescent, the young woman-all their strengths were harnessed into a force of astonishing power that placed itself in the service of nature and the human family. That the world has changed in meaningful ways since 1954 is beyond question. Oprah and her activities were driving forces in many of those changes. Her enormously influential talk show, her philanthropic work with children in africa and elsewhere, her popular book club and magazine, her empowering spiritual message, her contri bution (by action and example) to improving race relations-all speak to the human family, touching hearts and leaving each one uplifted. 　　Mississippi too seems to be mellowing out into a more congenial place than it was in 1954. That may also be partly due to the very sbecial enerav that is Oprah Winfrey-a courageous, funny, compassionate, well-informed, dazzlingly curious person, as down-to-earth and loving as any human being I've ever known. 　　参考译文： 　　故事的详情围绕在1954年六月29日出生于密西西比，科修斯科山的一个女婴。那时，对于像Oprah Winfrey (奥普来.温弗里)这样日常开销负担特别繁重的单亲家庭来说，她的出身并不是那么让人期待。她所在的国家，已经有适当的法律等候着将她列为不受欢迎的对象，阻击她参加其它合理的社交活动，让她背负上了奴隶制度剩余产物的枷锁，还有以往其它一些不公平的待遇。简单的事实就是她的祖母、曾祖母以及更早的一代之前，在政府纵恿的种族镇压法令下，从未经历过一天生命的自由。 　　之后的迹象表明，她的出生似乎平淡无奇。但是，在她三年的时候，便开始在教堂的讲道坛背诵演说，在发现了书籍的之后，她便钻研上面写过的句子，每周向她的父亲作一次书籍汇报。即使在那个动荡不安的年代，也从不浪费一刻功夫。种子正在播种灌溉。在1964年4月13日，她已成长为一个青少年，在她母亲那间无电梯的公寓的油布地毯上，电视里的一些东西深深地触动了她。那时她正在看奥斯卡奖项的现场直播，一位年青的美国黑人演员被授予了电影行业中的最高荣誉。在分享那个神圣的时刻之后，她告诉了我所有这一切都在暗暗地促使她轻声地告诉自己"他能做到，难道我就做不到吗?" 　　路已经被铺平了，Oprah Winfrey 开始了她的旅程。从婴儿到小孩、到青少年、再到年轻女士——万事俱备，使得她在服务于自然界与人类家庭上迸发出一种惊人的能力。从1954年起，毫无疑问，世界已经以一种积极的方式发生着改变。Oprah和她的脱口秀是其中的很多改变动力。她影响深远的脱口秀、对非洲乃至其它地方的小孩博爱举动、广受欢迎的书籍杂志俱乐部、激动人心的演说辞、以身作则为改善种族关系所作的贡献。这一切都讲给人类家庭，触动了他们的内心，每个人都深受鼓舞。 　　密西西比也受到了潮流的影响，比1954年看起来适意得多。其中的部分也许同样归功于Oprah Winfrey的非常独特的精神力量——一个勇敢、有趣、富有同情心、见识广博、闪耀着知识光芒的人，是我所知的人中最脚踏实地、让人钟爱的一个。 　第二部份：Phrases and Sentence: 　　1、 I don't ever want to have the effect on a person that this person had on me, where I was just blown away by disappointment. It took a few years to get over it.这个句子中重点解析的是“ever”的意思。 　　翻译为：我甚至从未想过要给“给我留下印象的人”留下印象，在这一点上我感到十分失望。我用了许多年才克服这个毛病。 　　ever,在否定句中起加强语气的作用，not ever从未。 　　2、One thing I do is work with Make-A-wish. If an ill child's one wish to see a celebrity and he picks me, then I make time to see him. But I have to be very careful with these kids, because if you get too attached, you're just setting yourself up for loss.这个句子中重点解析的是“because if you get too attached, you're just setting yourself up for loss.”的意思。 　　翻译为：我做的一件事就是带着许愿做事。如果一个病了的孩子的愿望是想看一个名人并且他选择的是我，然后我抽出时间去看望他。但是我必须非常小心的跟这些孩子相处，因为如果你太依恋，你会感到不舍。 　　because if you get too attached, you're just setting yourself up for loss.因为如果你太依恋，你会感到不舍。 　　其中attach是：使喜爱，使依恋：因情感因素，如爱戴或忠诚使联结。 　　set oneself up for loss是引起自己处于受损失或失去的状态。 　　3、Thank you for giving me the inspiration to stick around, at age 50, you have to feel you're contributing to something.这个句子中重点解析的是“you have to feel you're contributing to something.” 　　翻译为：谢谢你给我关于等待的启示，在50岁时，你必须感到你正在做贡献。 　　“you have to fell you're contributing to something”这句话的意思就是：你必须感到你正在对某些事情做贡献。 　　4、We stayed at the Ritz-Carlton and just had a blast. Or I'll give everybody a ride in the Ultra light-it's a flying kite.这个句子中重点解析的是“ride”在这里怎么翻译。 　　翻译为：我们待在Ritz-Carlton并开了个狂欢会。否则我会给每个人乘坐一下“超轻型”——一个飞行的风筝。 　　ride就是乘坐。 　　5、"One day I'll have my own barbecue." In other words, every generation gets to improve on the dreams of the last generation.翻译为：“有朝一日，我将拥有自己的烤肉”(比喻:实现自己的梦想)。换句话说，每代人必须在他上代人的梦想上有所提高。 　　6、But it came with a price because when he was drinking, we had jobs and money. When he quit, we traded alcoholism for being dirt-poor.这个句子中重点解析的是“we traded alcoholism for being dirt-poor.”这句话的真正含义。 　　翻译为：但是这有一定的代价：因为当他饮酒的时候，我们有工作和工钱。当他戒酒了，我们就只有借酒消愁穷困潦倒了。 　　we traded alcoholism for be