时态练习.doc

The Simple Present Tense一般现在时 一．什么时候用一般现在时？ 一般现在时用于表示现在的状态，如：He is twelve./She is at work./My father is a doctor. 表示经常的或习惯性的动作，通常与副词always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,three times a day, every day(week,month---)等表示频度的时间状语联用如：I get up at 6:30 every day. 表示主语具备的性格和能力等，如：She likes noodles. / They speak French. 表示客观事实或真理，如：The sun rises from the east and set in the west. 二．一般现在时的构成。 1. be动词。 在一般现在时中be动词有三种形式:am, is, are. 其中am只用于主语是I的情况；主语是第三人称单数用is；其他人称用are。 第一人称：指“我”、“我们”，即I，we。 第二人称：指“你”、“你们”，即you。 第三人称：除第一、二人称外都是第三人称，名词都是第三人称。第三人称单数：包括代词he，she，it，可数名词单数和不可数名词做主语时都是第三人称单数做主语。第三人称复数：包括代词they，可数名词两个或两个以上为复数，不可数名词没有复数形式。 如：I am a student. You are 11 years old. He is at work. She is a Japanese girl. It is fine today. They are from Korea. 2.如果谓语动词不用be动词。那么，当句子的主语为第一人称、第二人称或第三人称复数时，在肯定句中，谓语动词用原形。 如：I do my homework every day. We study Chinese, Math and English at school. You work in a supermarket，don’t you? They go to school bu bus. The boys often play basketball on the playground. 当主语为第三人称单数时，在肯定句中，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式（简称三单形式）。 如：Mr. Bush usually goes to work in his car. Our teacher wears a pair of glasses. Time flies fast. Mother likes apples. 动词三单形式的变化规则有： 1）直接加s：give—gives,ask—asks, take—takes, get—gets, write—writes s, x, sh, ch, o结尾的, 加es：fix—fixes , pass—passes, watch—watches, wash—washes, go —goes 3)以辅音字母+y结尾的，要把y变成i再加es：study—studies, carry—carries, worry—worries 特殊变化：have—has 3．一般现在时的否定句，如句中有am, is, are，直接在后面加not；没有的，要在谓语动词前要加助动词don’t或doesn’t。主语为第一、第二人称和第三人称复数的，用don’t；主语为第三人称单数的，用doesn’t，但谓语动词要恢复原形。 如：We are at home. ( We aren’t at home. The lady is from Canada. ( The lady is not from Canada. I want to go to the party. ( I don’t want to go to the party. They have some cartoon books. ( They don’t have any cartoon books. The bull runs faster than the lion. ( The bull doesn’t run faster than the lion. Mike likes swimming and skating. ( Mike doesn’t like swimming or skating. 4．一般现在时的疑问句，如句中有am, is, are，把其提到主语前即可；没有am, is, are的，要在主语前加助动词do或does。第一、第二人称和第三人称复数作主语的，用do；第三人称单数作主语的，用does，谓语动词要恢复原形。 如：You are from Singapore. ( Are you from Singapore? –Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. The teacher is in the office. ( Is the teacher in the office? –Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. You always keep their classroom clean.( Do you always keep their classroom clean? --Yes, we do. / No, we don’t. Liu Xiang runs very fast. ( Does Liu Xiang run very fast? --Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. She has some good friends.( Does she have any good friends? --Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t. 注：一般现在时常用于if, when, as soon as, until,等词引导的时间，条件等状语从句中表示将来要发生的动作或状态，从句用一般现在时，即“主将从现”。 如： We will go to the zoo if it is fine tomorrow. She will tell me the news as soon as she sees her friends. We won’t see each other until the winter vocation comes. They will go to work at this school when they leave the college. 练习： A.用括号中所给动词的适当形式完成句子。 1.It is spring now. Jim often ________(climb) the mountains with his brother. 2.Jack often _________(watch) TV after work these days. 3.Mr. Black __________(get up) at a quarter to seven every morning. 4._________you_________(know) his telephone number? 5.Usually my father_________(catch) the No.11 bus_______(go) to work, but sometimes he _____(go) by taxi. 6._________(be) everyone here today? 7.Sue and I_________(be) good students. 8.Mr. Brown__________(look) very young. 9.I___________(not have) an English book. 10.He _________(go) to bed at nine in the evening. B.单项选择。 ( )1.—Does Jim have a pear? –Yes, he _____. A. is B. have C. do D. does ( )2.I don’t _____ breakfast, but my sister_____. A. has; has B. have; doesn’t C. has; have D. have; does ( )3.Jack doesn’t _____pears, but Lily _____ to eat them very much. A. likes; like B. like; likes C. like; like D. likes; likes ( )4.—What _____she do? –She is a teacher. She _____ French. A. is; teach B. does; teach C. does; teaches D. do; teaches ( )5.She _____fishing with her sister every Sunday. A. is going B. shall go C. go D. goes ( ) 6.Mrs Read ______ the windows once a month. A. is cleaning B. clean C. cleaning D. cleans ( ) 7. Tom is a worker, he _____ in a factory. A . working B. works C. work D. is work ( )8. We _______ music and often ______ to music. A. like ,listen B. likes, listens C. like ,are listening D. are like, are listening ( )9. Mr Green will write to me as soon as he ________ to New York. A. will get B. get C. gets D. are get ( )10.They will have a football match if it ________ next Sunday. A. rain B. rains C. doesn’t rains D. doesn’t rain C.用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 Wang Lin _______(be) a schoolboy. He ______ (live) in Beijing. He ________(study) in a middle school. Wang Lin _____ (get) up at half past five every day. After that he ________ (read) English and Chinese. He _______ (have) breakfast at seven. Wang Lin ________ (go) to school six days a week. In class he ________ (listen) to the teacher carefully and his teacher _________ (like) him very much., After school he usually ______ (play) games for half an hour. He _______ (come) back home at about five. In the evening he ________ (do) his homework. After he _______ (finish) his homework , he _______ (watch) TV for less than an hour. He _______ (go) to bed at about ten. D.用方框中词的适当形式填空。 have, take, come from , prefer, get on, hear from , return , walk   1.Mr Li ___________rice to bread. What about you? 2.Sometimes they go to school by bike, sometimes they________ to school. 3. My mother usually ________ three meals at home. 4. She often _________ her parents and writes to them in time. 5. He is not a good student because he never ____________ the books to the library on time. 6. My parents often ________ me to visit some places of interest in summer holidays. 7. He ________ well with his classmates and teachers. 8. Who __________ Canada in our school? The Present Continue Tense现在进行时 1、现在进行时表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，常与now ,look, listen等词连用。如:He is watching TV now.或在语境中,如: 1)It is seven o’clock. Jim is doing his homework . 2)Don’t talk here ,the baby is sleeping. 3)Where are the students? The are climbing the mountain. 也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。如：I’m writing a novel these days. 2、现在进行时的谓语结构为：be(am/is/are) + 动词现在分词(doing) 3、动词的现在分词变化规则有： 1)直接加ing：do—doing, play—playing, look—looking, listen—listening, watch—watching, carry—carrying, 2)以不发音e结尾的，去e加ing：come—coming, dance—dancing，make—making, write—writing, drive—driving, ride—riding, 3)重读闭音节结尾的，双写结尾字母再加ing：get—getting, put—putting ,run—running, shop—shopping, forget—forgetting, sit—sitting, hit—hitting, cut—cutting 4、现在进行时的否定句，只须在am/is/are后加not。 如：I am listening to the radio. ( I’m not listening to the radio. Father is reading newspaper. ( Father isn’t reading newspaper. The foreigners are visiting our school. ( The foreigners aren’t visiting our school. It is raining heavily outside. ( It isn’t raining heavily outside. 5、现在进行时的疑问句，把am/is/are提到主语前面即可。 如：Emily is working on the computer. ( Is Emily working on the computer? ---Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. The students are having a class now. ( Are the students having a class now? ---Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. It is snowing in the north. ( Is it snowing in the north? ---Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. He is listening to the music. (对划线部分提问)( What is he doing? 练习： A.用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.He is __________(dance) now. 2.George is __________(fly) a kite with his friends now. 3.Mary is an American girl. She __________(sing) quite well. Listen! She __________(sing) a new English song. Can you ___________(hear) her? 4.The students ______________(listen) to the birthday song now. 5. Look! Mike______________(sit) at the foot of the hill. 6. Don’t make any noise. The students __________ (have) an important meeting. 7. It’s seven o’clock in the evening. The Smith family ____________ (watch) TV. 8. “Where are the students ?” “They __________ (play) football on the playground.” 9. “________ your mother ________ (cook)?” “Yes ,she is.” 10. Listen. Someone __________(cry) over there. B.单项选择。 1.—What ______ you doing now? ---I ______ drawing an apple. A. are; am B. is; are C. are; are D. am; are 2. Look, the taxi ______ now. A. came B. come C. comes D. coming 3. We are ______ baseball match now. A. looking B. seeing C. watching D. is coming 4. Listen! Who ______ in the next door? A. is singing B. are singing C. sing D. sings 5.---Where is your father? ---He _____ his car in the yard. A. washes B. wash C. is washing D. washing 6.---______ Jack and his brother _______? --Yes，they are. A. is; skating B. is; skateing C. are; skateing D. are; skating 7. It’s eight o’clock.. The students_________ an English class. A. have B. having C. is having D. are having 8. Don’t talk here. Grandparents ____________. A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep C.将下列句子译成英语。 1、我们正在上英语课。__________________________ 2、看！大明正在操场上打篮球。他每周日下午打篮球。 ____________________________ 3、Tom在房间听音乐。 _________________________________ 4、Mary没在弹钢琴。她在打扫房间。 _______________________________________ 5、谁在读英语？ _______________________________________________ The Past Continue Tense过去进行时 1、过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作，常与at that time, at that moment, at this time last (yesterday, Monday, week---),at 8:00 yesterday 等词连用。如: He was reading newspaper at this time yesterday. 也可用于when, while 等引导的时间状语从句中。如： It was raining when they left the hospital. While my mother was cooking, I was cleaning the house. 2、过去进行时的谓语结构为：was/were + 动词现在分词(doing) 3、过去进行时的否定句，只须在was/were后加not。 4、过去进行时的疑问句，把was/were提到主语前面即可。 练习： A．用所给动词的正确形式填空。1.     Jim _________ (write) a letter at that moment. 2.      When the telephone ________ (ring), she ________ (do) her housework. 3.      When I ________(leave) the party, the people ________ (enjoy) themselves. 4.      When my brother ________(come) into the room, I ________ (telephone) Mary. 5.      While the children ______ (play) outside, their mother ________(cook) their dinner. The Simple Future Tense一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发 生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next (week, Sunday, month, year---) ,soon, in two hours, in the future等。 如：I’m going to make a model plane by myself tomorrow. She is going to see her parents next month. They will be back soon.. 2、一般将来时的谓语结构：助动词（will 或be going to）+ 动词原形 注意：在疑问句中，主语为I或we时，助动词用shall； 如：Shall we go? What shall I do next? 书面语中，主语为I或we时，常用shall+动词原形；但在口语中，无论肯定句或否定句，所有人称都可以用will. 如：We shall be very pleased to see you. Shall we…?还可作为建议或征求对方意见时的用语。 如：Shall we have a rest? Shall we go at ten in the afternoon? 3、will和be going to的区别： 1）will：1.表示“带意愿色彩的将来”，即纯粹的将来，与现在无关。 2.问对方是否愿意，或表示客气的邀请或命令时，常用will you (please)…? 如：We’ll go there by bike. There will be an English party tomorrow evening. Will you please stop smoking? 2）be going to：表示将要发生的事，或打算好、已在计划、决定要做的事，现在比较确定。 如：What are you going to do tonight? They are going to meet at the cinema gate. Look at the black clouds! It’s going to rain. 4、在否定句中，只须在will或be（am，is，are）后加not；在疑问句中，把will或be提到主语前即可。 如：The manager will agree with him.( The manager won’t agree with him. ( Will the manager agree with him? Yes, he will. / No, he won’t. The president is going to visit the small town.( The president isn’t going to visit the small town. ( Is the president going to visit the small town? Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. 练习： A：用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.Where ______ we ________ (have )the meeting tomorrow? 2. They ____________ the farm if it doesn’t rain next Sunday. 3. Don’t worry. They ________ (finish) the work soon. 4.She will write to you as soon as she ______ (get) there. 5. “When _______ you ______ (do) your homework? ” “The day after tomorrow” B.选择填空。 1.---I _________ clean the house this Saturday. ---Good idea. I’d like to help you. A. will clean B. cleaned C. has cleaned D. have cleaned 2. My brother __________ for Shanghai next Wednesday. A. leave B. leaves C. is leaves D. is leaving 3. There ________ less pollution in five years. A. was B. will have C. has D. will be 4. “Mike _______ to the movies.” “So am I.” A. has gone B. will go C. went D. is going 5. We _______ you with your work if we are free. A. helped B. are helping C. help D. will help C.根据中文提示完成句子。 布莱克先生明天从英国回来，是吗？ Mr Black _________ __________ back from England tomorrow,______ _______? 他准备明年学日语。He _______ _______ _______ ________ Japanese next year. 我打开窗户好吗？_______ I _______ the window? 我认为要下雨了。I think ______ _____ ______ _________. 如果我下周日有空儿，我就和他们一起去看电影。 I _______ _______ to the cinema with them if I ______ free next Sunday. The Simple Past Tense一般过去时 1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或过去存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday， last ( night，week, year---) ,just now, in 1990，two days ago等。也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，也常和always，often等表示频度的时间状语连用。 如：I got up at 6:30 this morning. They were in Shanghai two days ago. My father was at work yesterday afternoon. He always went to work by bus last year. 2.在肯定句中，谓语动词要用过去式形式(简称过去式)。 如：He did his homework, wrote the diary, and then went to bed. Thomas Edison invented more than two thousand inventions all his life. Mr. Hill was at home last night. The children were at home yesterday evening. 3.动词过去式的变化形式有： 1）规则变化： 直接加ed： look—looked, work—worked, listen—listened, play—played, stay—stayed,   b.) 以e结尾，加d：live—lived, hope—hoped, use—used   c.) 以辅音字母+y结尾，变以e结尾y为i再加ed： carry—carried, hurry—hurried, worry—worried, study—studied,   d.)末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed: stop—topped plan— planned trip— tripped   2)常见不规则动词： am/is ---- was go ---- went do ---- did have ---- had get ---- got come ---- came say ---- said see ---- saw make ---- made put ---- put cut ---- cut read ---- read eat ---- ate take ---- took write ---- wrote bring ---- brought begin ---- began buy ---- bought draw ---- drew drive ---- drove find ---- found forget ---- forgot grow ---- grew fly ---- flew hear ---- heard keep ---- kept know ---- knew learn ---- learn leave ---- left meet ---- met ride ---- rode ring ---- rang run ---- ran sell ---- sold sing ---- sang sit ---- sat sleep ---- slept speak ---- spoke stand ---- stood swim ---- swam teach ---- taught tell ---- told think ---- thought throw ---- threw may ---- might understand---- understood can ---- could will ---- would shall ---- should 4.否定句：如句中有was / were，直接在后面加not。如谓语为实义动词，要在not前加did，动词要由过去式恢复原形。 如：The workers were busy in the workshop.(The workers weren’t busy in the workshop. I did that. (I didn’t do that . They finished their homework.(They didn’t finish their homework. 5.一般疑问句： 如句中有was / were，直接将was / were提前到句首。如谓语为实义动词，要在句首加助动词Did，动词要恢复原形。 如：Bethune was a Canadian doctor. ( Was Bethune a Canadian doctor? We went to see the movie last night. ( Did you go to see the movie last night? He wanted to be a scientist. ( What did he want to be? 6.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句? Where were you yesterday evening? Why did the girl come here? How did they finish the work so fast? 练习： A．用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.My parents __________ home very late yesterday. (get) 2. This story __________ a long time ago. (happen) 3. I ________ to bed until I finished my homework. (not go) 4. Mary ________ a book from the library last week. (borrow) 5. “When ______ the visitors _______ in Beijing?” “An hour ago.” (arrive) 6. Mrs