初中定语从句知识点总结归纳
知识点1关系词
分类
先行词
句子成分
例句
关 系 代 词
who
人
主语,宾语
A teacher is a person who passes knowledge to students.
A teacher is a person, a teacher passes knowledge to students.
whom
人
宾语
The woman whom you met in the street is Kate.
whose
人/物
定语
Please pass me the book whose cover is gw叽
which
物
主语,宾语,定语
This is the room which he lived in last year.
that
人/物
主语,宾语,表语
The girl that I spoke to is my cousin.
They arc the people that were seen yesterday.
He came back for the book that hy/.v on the desk
He came back for the book that he had forgotten.
as
人/物
主语,宾语
He is such a person as is respected by all of us
Such books as / borrowed yesterday arc all here
关
系
副
诃
when
时间
时间状语
1 know the date when Lincoln was horn.
where
地点
地点状语
I would like lo live in a place where there is plenty of sunshine.
why
原因
原因状语
That is the reason why he was late.
知识点2关系代词的用法
关系代词
用法
例句
who/whoni
两者都川于指人,who在定语从句
中作主语、宾语;whom在定语从
句中作宾语
1 have no idea about the man who wrote the article•我不认识写这篇文章的那个人o What is the girl whom(vvho) you talked to .just now?刚才和你说话的那个女孩子是卡 什么的?
whose
指人或物,在从句中作定语,往往
与它所修饰的名词一起构成一个
名词短语在从句中押当成分
He is the man whose car was stolen last nighl他就是昨人晚上乍被偷的那个男子。
which
一般指物,在定语从句屮作主语、 宾语,还町在从句中作介词的宾语
That was a fault which could not be forgiven•那是不能饶恕的错误。
The house in which【used to live has become a shoe.我过去住的房子现在变成 了一家鞋店。
that
指人或物,在从旬中作主语或宾 语,还可作表语,作宾语或表语时 可省略:作介词宾语时,介词不可 提到that前
He is the man that was punished at the meeting.他就是那个在会匕受批评的人。 Shanghai is the place that I visited last year. 上海是我去年参观过的地方。
as
nJ以作为关系代词引导定语从句, 常用 T such... as 和 the same... as 等句式中
Such points as you've mentioned are really important in solving the problem.你提到的 这些方面在解决这个问题上的确很重要。
【知识拓展】
1.关系词指物时,只用that不用which的情况:
先行 词是 all, everything, anything, nothing, no one. little, few, much, some ・ none 等不定代词 时。例如:
All that can be done has been done.所冇能做的己经做 了。
先行词被 the only, the very ,the just, the right, the last, all, any, some, no, few, little, much 等 修饰时。例如
This is the very book that I am looking fbr.这正是我要找的那本书。
先行诃是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数诃、形容制最高级所修饰时。例如:
This is the best film that I have seen•这是我所看过的最好的电影。
主旬是who或者which引导的特殊疑问句时。例如:
Who is the man that is making a speech?正在演讲的那个人是谁?
2•只用which而不用that的情况:
当关系代词前冇介词.先行词抬物时,例如;
This is the house of which the windows face south•这就是窗户朝南的那座房 f«
在非眼制性定语从句中,当关系词表示事物时,只能用whicho例如:
The plane landed safely, which made us very happy. E机安个降落,这使我们很高兴。
知识点3关系副词的用法
关系副词
用法
例句
when
代替表示时间的名词•而这个名词在 从句中又与介词构成了短语,在从句 中充当时间状语,常可用on which, in which, during which 等代替
We don't know the exact time when the English evening will be held•我们不知道 英语晚会举行的确切时间。
Do you know the date when Lincoln was murdered ?你知道林疔遇刺的日期吗?
when
代替表示地点的名词,而这个名词在 从句中又与介词构成了短语,在从句 中充当地点状语,常用in which, on which, to which 等代替
The place where we're to have the Speech Contest has not been decided 州•我们举彳亍 演讲比赛的地点还未定下来。
He did all his research in the room where he lived.他在自己住的房间里做了所有 的研究。
why
代替表示原因的名词,而这个名词在 从句中又与介词构成了短语,在从句 中充当状语,常可用for which代替
He didn't tell her the reason why he was happy•他没有告诉她他那么高兴的原因。
Is this the reason wh