定语从句高考考点分析.doc

1定语从句考点分析考点一引导词限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别分类项目限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句考点分析三要素先行词引导词从句先行词引导词从句引导词始终是高考必考的焦点做主语的引导词thatwhichwhoaswhichwhoasthat不可以引导非限制性定语从句做宾语的引导词thatwhomwhowhichwhomwhowhich在限制性定语从句中引导词作宾语时可以省略但其前面被介词修饰时不可以从句中的介词提到引导词前时指人只能用whom指物只能用whichwhich可代替主句一句话所说的内容引导非限制性定语从句表示主句造成的结果asas在限制性定语从句中先行词被suchassothesame修饰时用as引导在非限制性定语从句中as意为正如只有as代替主句一句话的内容引导非限制性定语从句可放置主句句首作定语的引导词whosewhose做前置定语ofwhichwhomofwhichwhom做后置定语做时间状语的引导词whenwhen当先行词为表示时间的名词且从句中不缺少主语或宾语时才用做原因状语的引导词whywhy当先行词为表示原因的名词且从句中不缺少主语或宾语时才用做地点状语的wherewhere当先行词为表示地点的名词且从句中2引导词不缺少主语或宾语时才用经典定语从句背诵1Yesterdayshesoldhercarwhichsheboughtamonthago2Alltheneighborsadmirethisfamilywheretheparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend3TheScienceMuseumwhichwevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritainisoneofLondonstouristattractions4TheywillflytoWashingtonwheretheyplantostayfortwoorthreedays5Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygoodwhichwasmorethanwecouldexpected6AsiswellknownpaperwasfirstinventedbytheChineseAllencamelatetotheclassagainwhichmadetheteacherangry7Isthistheschoolwhereyoustudied3yearsagoIsthisschooltheoneyouvisited3daysago8WewillneverforgetthedaysthatwespenttogetherWewillneverforgetthedayswhenweworkedtogether9OccasionsarequiterarewhenIhavetimetospendadaywithmykids10BynineoclockalltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangmaabovewhichappearedarainbowsoon11WearehavingourEnglishclassintheclassroomwhosedoorsfacenorthWearehavingourEnglishclassintheclassroomthedoorsofwhichfacenorth12Hisplanwassuchagoodoneasweallagreedtoaccept13Wearejusttryingtoreachapointwherebothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk14TheBeatlesasmanyofyouareoldenoughtoremembercamefromLiverpool15ThatisthemostexcitingmomentonethatIwillneverforget使用定语从句必须有先行词本句中虽然有先行词但that不可以引导非限制性定语从句所以that前加one做moment的同位语考点二介词与关系代词连用作介词与关系代词连用的习题时要看两点一看先行词前需要什么介词二看定语从句的谓语动词后需要什么介词最简单的方式就是将定语从句还原成一个独立的句子结果就一目了然如1Theplaceatwhichthebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbewherethecrossrivertrafficistheheaviest定语从句还原就是Thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltattheplace这样就3可以判断引导词需要介词at也可以看先行词theplace前需要介词at进行判断2IsawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedarkBeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewasshehadrunbackinthedirectionfromwhichshehadcome从句还原就是Shehadcomefromthedirection所以定语从句用fromwhich引导3Therewasasinglepersoninthestreettowhomsheturnedforhelp从定语从句的谓语动词turn可构成词组turntosbforhelp就可以判断应该填towhom4ThemanaboutwhomItalkedjustnowisfromBeijingUniversity根据定语从句的谓语动词talk判断后需要of或about因此此处需要aboutofwhom考点三从句中的主谓一致当定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语时定语从句的谓语动词必须与先行词保持一致这时引导词与谓语动词的数无关如Tomistheonlyoneoftheworkersinourcompanywhohaswonanationwidefame汤姆是我们公司唯一一个赢得国家荣誉的工人先行词为theonlyoneTomisoneoftheworkersinourcompanywhohavewonnationwidefames汤姆是我们公司赢得国家荣誉的工人之一先行词为theworkersIwhoamyourfriendforeverwillneverturnagainstyou我你永远的朋友永远也不会背叛你先行词为I考点四几种特殊的定语从句theway和thetime的定语从句的引导词一般用that引导可以省略如1Ithinkthewaythathetoldmeisthebest我认为他告诉我的方法是最好的2Itistimethatwebegantoworkhard到了我们开始努力工作的时间了定语从句中含有插入语时做题时可将插入语直接去掉题目就简单明了如Wefeedthechildrenwhowethinkarehungry我们喂了那些我们认为饥饿的孩子ThisisthemanwhoIbelieveisveryhonest这就是那个我认为很诚实的人说明常用于插入语的动词有believethinksupposeguesssay等等考点五分隔式定语从句定语从句有时不直接跟在先行词的后面中间由一个定语状语谓语隔开如1ThedaysaregonewhentheChinesepeoplewerelookeddownupon2DoyourememberoneafternoontenyearsagowhenIcametoyourhouseandborrowedadiamondnecklacefromyou你记得我来到贵府借一个钻石项链10年前的一天下午吗3ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcantunderstand我不能理解他眼中所表达的东西4六09高考与定语从句1WheneverImetherwasfairlyoftenshegreetedmewithasweetsmile山东卷24AwhoBwhichCwhenDthat2Becauseofthefinancialcrisisdaysaregonelocal5starhotelscharged6000yuanfroonenight江苏卷23AifBwhenCwhichDsince3ShebroughtwithherthreefriendsnoneofIhadevermetbefore海南宁夏卷全国卷IAthemBwhoCwhomDthese4IhavereachedapointedinmylifeImsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown浙江卷14AwhichBwhereChowDwhy5Itshelpfultoputchildreninasituationtheycanseethemselvesdifferently福建卷24AthatBwhenCwhichDwhere6Manychildrenparentsareawayworkinginbigcitiesaretakengoodcareofinthevillage安徽卷30AtheirBwhoseCofthemDwithwhom7Apersonemailaccountisfullwontbeabletosendorreceiveanyemails天津卷5AwhoBwhomCwhoseDwhoever8ItraveltotheBinhaiNewAreabylightrailwayeverydaydomanybusinessmenwholiveindowntownTianjin天津卷14AasBwhichCwhenDthough9GuncontrolisasubjectAmericanshavegoodarguedforalongtime陕西卷11AofwhichBwithwhichCaboutwhichDintowhich10IwasborninNewOrleansLouisianaacitynamewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind湖南卷26AwhichBofwhichCthatDwhose114545WhatdoyouthinkofteachingBob4545IfinditfunandchallengingItisajobyouaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting北京卷26AwhereBwhichCwhenDthat5七命题特点定语从句引导词与代词的用法混淆考查定语从句引导词与状语从句的连接词混淆考查特别是where和whenas和which引导非限制性定语从句的考查连接词thatwhichwhat的辨析引导词whosewherethat和介词关系代词的考查where引导的定语从句状语从句和名词性从句的辨析定语从句和强调句型的辨析八答案分析1Bwhich可以引导非限制性定语从句指主句一句话所说的内容在从句中作主语2B先行词在后面的定语从句中作时间状语所以用when3C根据句中的标点符号指导本句后一部分是一个非限制性定语从句故排除不能引导定语从句的A和D又因关系代词在从句中代指人作介词of的宾语故选C4B句意我已经达到了一个关键地步我应该作出自己的决定where在此处引导定语从句修饰point5Dasituation后面的从句起修饰作用应为定语从句而从句中不缺少主语或宾语所以不能用whichthat却表示地点的副词作状语用where正确6Bwhose做定语修饰parents7Cwhose作从句中的定语修饰前面的person8Aas正如引导非限制性定语从句9C从句中的arguewithsbaboutoversth根据这个结构就可以判断答案10D句意为我出生在新奥尔良一想到他的名字我的脑海就会浮现出一幅草绿树美的画面whose在从句中作定语修饰name11A句意4545鲍勃你认为教学怎么样4545有趣又富有挑战性它是一份严肃又有趣的工作where引导定语从句说明ajob是一种什么样的工作强调句型对句子中的主语宾语状语进行强调的句型就是强调句型一强调句型结构表强调成分句子结构例句主语Itiswas被强调部分thatwhoItisIwhoamyourclosestfriend宾语Itwasthefactorythatyouvisitedlastyear6状语Itisbecauseheisillthatweshallpayavisithim疑问词WhereWheniswasitthatwhoWhenisitthatthetrafficaccidenthappened一般疑问句IsWasit被强调部分thatwhoIsitinthiswaythatwecansolvetheproblem否定句Itiswasnt被强调部分thatwhoItwasntlastSaturdaythatImetMrScottnotuntil的强调结构Itiswasnotuntilthat1Itwasnotuntilhisfatherfinishedhisworkthathewenttosleep2Itisnotuntiltomorrowthatwecanseethetorchgothroughourhometown二其他表示强调的方式1在祈使句句首加do表示强调如Dobemorecarefulnexttime下次务必更加细心2在一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句中加dodoesdid或否定句中dodoesdidnot不缩写表示强调如1ManyofthefilmsarefromtheUSAbutwedogiveregardstofilmsfromothercountries许多电影来自美国但我们的确也给其他国家的影片颁奖2HedidcometoseeyoulastSundaybutyouwereout上周日他确实来过你不在3Theboydoesnotknowthetruthoftheaccident那孩子确实不知道事实的真相三高考中的强调句型1ItwashecamebackfromAfricathatyearhemetthegirlhewouldliketomarry09江西卷27AwhenthenBnotuntilCnotuntilthatDonlywhen2ItwasalongtheMississippiRiverMarkTwinspentmuchofhischildhood08天津卷8AhowBwhichCthatDwhere3ItwasinNewZealandElizabethfirstmetMrSmith08全国卷II20AthatBhowCwhichDwhenAnswersCCA