牛津译林版英语八年级下Unit 4 A good read周末复习学案（重点词汇+重点知识梳理+语法梳理+重点短语）.doc

8B Unit 4 周末复习学案 ——重点词汇+重点知识梳理+语法梳理+重点短语 【重点词汇梳理】 French adj. 法国的→________ (法国) writer n. 作家→________ (动词) tie vt. 捆，绑→________ (现在分词)→________ (过去式)→________ (过去分词) stomach n. 腹部；胃→________ (复数) manage vt.&vi. 设法完成；管理→________ (名词) success n. 成功→________ (形容词)→________ (副词) →________ (动词) translate vt.&vi. 翻译→________ (名词) Canadian adj. 加拿大的→________ (加拿大) cook v. →　　 　　　(n.)烹饪  sell v. →　　　 　　 (n.)销售量(复数)  Canada n. →　　　 　　(adj.) 加拿大的 confident adj. →　　　 　　(n.) 信心 advise v. →　　　 　　(n.)  able adj. →　　　 　　(反义词) 不能的 hide v. →　　　 　　(adj.)隐藏的 library n. →　　 　　　(n.)图书管理员  copy n. →　　 　　　(复数)  Germany n. →　　　　 　(n.& adj.) 德语;德国人;德国的 →　　 　　　(复数)德国人  ugly adj. →　　　 　　 (比较级) →　　　 　 　(最高级)  experience n. →　　　 　　(adj.)有经验的  touch v. →　　　 　　(第三人称单数)  know v. →　　　 　 　(n.)知识  答案：1.France 2.write 3.tying;tied;tied 4. stomachs 5.manager 6. successful ; successfully; succeed 7.translation 8.Canada 9.cooking 10.sales 11. Canadian 12.confidence 13.advice 14. unable 15.hidden 16. librarian 17.copies 18.German; Germans 19.uglier;ugliest 20.experienced 21. touches 22. knowledge 【重点知识梳理】 【词汇1】read 1)作v. 阅读 常见搭配：read newspapers/ magazines/ stories/ novels/ plays e.g.: I'll take these papers home and read them. ②作 n. 读物 e.g.: The latest novel is a good read. 【词汇 2】Germany 【用法】Germany名词，意为“德国”。German作形容词，意为“德国（人）的”，作名词，意为“德国人”。常见的国家名称和某国人的单复数形式： 国家名称 某国人单数 某国人复数 Germany German Germans America American Americans Australia Australian Australians Canada Canadian Canadians France Frenchman Frenchmen Frenchwoman Frenchwomen England Englishman Englishmen Englishwoman Englishwomen China Chinese Chinese Japan Japanese Japanese 法国人、英国人复数形式是将a改为e，而德国人复数形式并不是将a改为e，中国人、日本人单复数形式相同。 练一练： 1. Our new English teacher comes from a small ____________(Canada) town. Canadian 2. Many foreigners came to our school last week, including three ________ and four ________． A. German; American B. Germans; American C. Germans; Americans　　D. German; Americans 3. (2019·南通)Sandy is ________ Australian girl. She came to China for travelling with her parents last week. A. a B. an C. the D. / 4. My best friend comes from ________， but now he lives in ________． A. Japan; England 　　 B. Japanese; England C. Japan; English　 　 D. Japanese; English 【词汇 3】stomach 【用法】stomach意为“腹部，胃”，虽然是以ch结尾，但是由于“ch”是发/k/音，所以其复数形式是在词尾直接加“-s”。如： E.g.The stomachs of starving people often distend.饥民的腹部常鼓得大大的。 【词汇 4】knowledge 【用法】 n. 知识；学问；了解 医学知识 medical knowledge科学知识scientific knowledge e.g.Knowledge is power. He has a wide knoeledge of painting and music. 【拓展】据某人所知to one’s knowledge 常识 common/public knowledge 被某人知道，被某人获悉 It has come to one’s knowledge 【知识点1】Have you decided what to do with these books Hobo? 霍波，你已决定怎样处理这些书了吗? 【用法】1）①decide此处用作及物动词，意为“决定”，后跟名词、代词、动词不定式或从句等。 e.g. The manager decided to teach them about finding real solutions to problems. Let’s first decide where we should go. 咱们先决定应该去什么地方。 ②decide的名词形式是decision，意为“决定”。make a decision（to do sth.）意为“做决定（做某事）”。 E.g. I want to think about it carefully before I make a decision. 2）do with意为“处理；处置；对待”，常与疑问词 what 连用。 E.g. You need to know what to do with your anger.你需要知道如何处理你的愤怒。 【拓展】①do with的同义词组是deal with，但deal with常与疑问词how连用。 e.g.I don't know what to do with my old bike.=I don't know how to deal with my old bike. ②注意：what to do / how to do it 【知识点2】I didn’t know you liked books! 我原来不知道你喜欢书! 【用法】此句是一个含有宾语从句（you liked books）的主从复合句。宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的句子。That 引导宾语从句时，无实际意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，常可省略。 宾语从句要注意三要素： 1）宾语从句的引导词： ① 当宾语从句是陈述句时，用that 引导，that常可省略。 I know that the boy is from Japan. 我知道那个男孩来自日本。 ② 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，用if或whether引导。 I want to know if he will come back tomorrow. 我想知道他明天是否会回来。 ③ 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，用疑问词引导。 He didn’t know when his mother was born. 他不知道他的母亲是什么时候出生的。 2）宾语从句的语序：宾语从句一定要用陈述语序，注意当引导词作主语时不用改变语序。 E.g.你能告诉我他昨晚待在哪里吗? (√)Can you tell me where he stayed last night? (×)Can you tell me where did he stay last night? 注意：Do you know what's the matter with him? What 在句中作主语，语序不变。 3）宾语从句的时态：主现从随意，主过从必过，客观事实和真理除外。 e.g,He said he was playing games at that time. 他说他那时正在玩游戏。 当宾语从句是客观真理或事实时，用现在时态。 e.g.Our teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. 老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。 【知识点 3】I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.我必须用它们够到冰箱上的盒子。 【用法】reach此处用作及物动词，意为“能伸到；伸手够得着”。 e.g.I can’t reach the to shelf.我够不到最上面的架子。 【拓展】reach作及物动词，还意为“到达，抵达”，后面跟表示地点的名词。 They reached London(=get to=arrive in) last night. 他们昨天晚上到达了伦敦。 注意：当后面没有地点时，只能用arrive。 【知识点 4】After our ship crashed against the rocks,I swam as far as I could. 当我们的船撞到礁石损坏之后，我奋力前游。 【用法】1）crash 作v.意为“碰撞，撞击” crash sth. crash into sth. E.g.He crashed his car into a wall. 【拓展】作n. 碰撞；撞车；碰撞声 E.g. The tree fell with a great crash.那棵树哗啦一声倒了。 2）against prep ①撞击，碰着，与…相撞；紧靠；倚靠 E.g.I pushed against the door and the door opened at last. Put the piano there,against the wall.（The piano leans against the wall.） The rain beat against the windows. (相反；反对；违反；违背；逆 E.g.We all should fight against evil. That’s against the law. (逆行，逆……方向，对着；跟……反方向： E.g. Don't drive against the traffic.  3）as… as sb. can/ could= as… as possible 尽某人最大努力/ 尽可能 as… as之间可以是副词，也可以是形容词。 I open the door as soon as I can. = I open the door as soon as possible. 【知识点 5】 By the time I finally felt the land under my feet，I was tired out. 等到我终于感觉到脚下的陆地时，我已筋疲力尽。 【用法】1）by the time通常引导时间状语从句，表示“到……的时候”，主句表示的动作或事情在从句表示的时间之前已完成。从句用一般过去时，主句通常用过去完成时。 e.g.By the time I got home, they had already left. By the time I got to the station, the train had already gone. 【注意】如果主句的谓语是be动词或者是像know等表示认知的持续性动词，则往往用一般过去时，不用完成时。 练一练： By the time he went abroad,he (be)fourteen.was By the time I came in, Tom _________(write) his name on the blackboard.had written 2）be tired out意为“筋疲力尽”。 e.g.He was tired out after His long trip to Pa