2011考研英语(二)真题及答案

Section I Use of English 　　Directions: 　　"The Internet affords anonymity to its users — a boon to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cybercrime that has 1 across the Web. 　　Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing a semblance of safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ? 　　Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyberczar, offered the Obama government a 4 to make the Web a safer place — a “voluntary identify” system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services. 　　The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identify systems. Users could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government. 　　Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have sign-on” systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services. 　　12 , the approach would create a “walled garden” in safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of community. 　　Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of the infrastructure that the transaction runs 15 .'" 　　Still, the administration’s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such an initiative push toward what would 17 be a license” mentality. 　　The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads. 　　1.A.swept B. skipped C. walked D. ridden 　　2.A.for B. within C. while D. though 　　3.A.careless B. lawless C. pointless D. helpless 　　4.A.reason B. reminder C. compromise D. proposal 　　5.A.information B. interference C. entertainment D. equivalent 　　6.A.by B. into C. from D. over 　　7.A.linked B. directed C. chained D. compared 　　8.A.dismiss B. discover C. create D. improve 　　9.A.recall B. suggest C. select D. realize 　　10.A.released B. issued C. distributed D. delivered 　　11.A.carry on B. linger on C. set in D. log in 　　12.A.In vain B. In effect C. In return D. In contrast 　　13.A.trusted B. modernized C. thriving D. competing 　　14.A.caution B. delight C. confidence D. patience 　　15.A.on B. after C. beyond D. across 　　16.A.divided B. disappointed C. protected D. united 　　17.A.frequently B. incidentally C. occasionally D. eventually 　　18.A.skepticism B. tolerance C. indifference D. enthusiasm 　　19.A.manageable B. defendable C. vulnerable D. invisible 　　20.A.invited B. appointed C. allowed D. forced 阅读 第4篇真题 　　WILL the European Union make it? The question would have sounded outlandish not long ago. Now even the project’s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt, demographic decline and lower growth. 　　As well as those chronic problems, the EU faces an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single currency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive stragglers the quick fix of devaluation. 　　Yet the debate about how to save Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stuck. It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the need for greater harmonisation within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonise. 　　Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrowing, spending and competitiveness, backed by quasi-automatic sanctions for governments that stray. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects, and even the suspension of a country’s voting rights in EU ministerial councils. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French dirigisme. 　　A “southern” camp headed by France wants something different: “European economic government” within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politicians meddling in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or outright fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the French government have murmured, euro-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonisation: eg, curbing competition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs. 　　It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more porous to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalisation, and make capitalism benign. 　　36.The EU is faced with to many problems that 　　A it has more or less lost faith in markets 　　B even its supporters begin to fell concerned 　　C some of its member countries plan to X curo 　　D it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation 　　37 The X over the EU’s single currency is stuck because the X pomery 　　A are X for the leading position 　　B are busy X their own crises 　　Cfall to reach an agreement on harmonisation 　　D disagreement on the s