职称英语理工A考试试题12p

【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】 　　 　【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】 2015年职称英语理工A考试试题 第一部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1. The union representative put across her argument very effectively. A explained B invented C considered D accepted 2. He talks tough but has a tender heart. A heavy B strong C kind D wild 3. It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. A making B taking C discussing D expecting 4. Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing. A waste B buy C use D sell 5. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. A function B ability C power D volume 6. Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. A tensely B nearly C carefully D closely 7. Her faith upheld her in times of sadness. A supported B excited C inspired D directed 8. The book provides a concise analysis of the country’s history. A clean B perfect C real D brief 9. It is laid down in the regulations that all members must carry their membership cards at all times. A suggested B warned C stated D confirmed 10. The council meeting terminated at 2 o’clock. A began B continued C ended D resumed 11. Red flag was placed there as a token of danger. A sign B substitute C proof D target 12. However bad the situation is, the majority is unwilling to risk change. A reluctant B eager C pleased D angry 13. It has been said that the Acts provided a new course of action and did not merely regulate or enlarge an old one. A limit B control C replace D offset 14. The secretary is expected to explore ideas for post-war reconstruction of the area. A deny B investigate C stress D create 15. The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water. A gradually B suddenly C excessively D exceptionally 第2部分：阅读判断（第16—22题，每题1分，共7分） 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。 A Dolphin and an Astronomer One day in 1963, a dolphin named Elvar and a famous astronomer, Carl Sagan, were playing a little game. The astronomer was visiting an institute which was looking into the way dolphins communicate with each other. Sagan was standing on the edge of one of the tanks where several of these friendly, highly intelligent creatures were kept. Elvar had just swum up alongside him and had turned on his back. The dolphin wanted Sagan to scratch his stomach again, as the astronomer had done twice before. Elvar looked up at Sagan, waiting. Then, after a minute or so, the dolphin leapt up through the water and made a sound just like the word “more”. The astonished astronomer went to the director of the institute and told him about the incident. ‘Oh, yes. That’s one of the words he knows,’ the director said, showing no surprise at all. Dolphins have bigger brain in proportion to their body size than humans have, and it has been known for a long time that they can make a number of sounds. What is more, these sounds seem to have different functions, such as warning each other of danger. Sound travels much faster and much further in water than it does in air. That is why the parts of the brain that deal with sound are much better developed in dolphin than in humans. But can it be said that dolphins have a ‘language’, in the real sense of the word? Scientists don’t agree on this. A language is not just a collection of sounds, or even words. A language has a structure and what we call a grammar. The structure and grammar of a language help to give it meaning. For example, the two questions “Who loves Mary?” and “Who does Mary love?” mean very different things. If you stop to think about it, you will see that this difference doesn’t come from the words in the question but from the difference in structure. That is why the question “Can dolphins speak?” can’t be answered until we find out if dolphins not only make sounds but also arrange them in a grammatical order which affects their meaning. 16 The astronomer was not interested in the way dolphins communicate with each other. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 17 The dolphin leapt up into the air because Sagan was too near the water. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 18 Parts of the dolphin’s brain are particularly well developed to handle different kinds of sound. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 19 Dolphins are the most useful animals to humans. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 20 Dolphins travel faster in water than any other animals. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 21 Some scientists believe that dolphins have a language of their own. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 22 Sounds can be called a language only when they have a structure and a grammar. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 （第23—30题，每题1分，共8分） 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2、3、5和6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 The Weight Experiment Nicola Walters has been taking part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gain and lost weight. Being locked in a small room called a ‘calorimeter’（热量测量室)is one way to find out. 1 The sighs above the two rooms read simply “Chamber One” and “Chamber Two”. These are the calorimeters: 4m by 2m white-walled rooms where human volunteers are locked up in the name of science. Outside these rooms another sign reads “Please do not enter- work in progress” and in front of the rooms advanced machinery registers every move the volunteers make. Each day, meals measured to the last gram are passed through a hole in the wall of the calorimeter to the resident volunteer. 2 Nicola Walters is one of twenty volunteers who, over the past eight months, have spent varying periods inside the calorimeter. Tall and slim, Nicola does not have a weight problem, but thought the strict diet might help with her training and fitness programme. A self-employed community dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. She saw an advert for volunteers at her local gym and as she is interested in the whole area of diet and exercise, she thought she would help out. 3 The experiment on Nicola involved her spending one day on a fixed diet at home and the next in the room. This sequence was repeated four times over six weeks. She arrived at the calorimeter at 8:30 am on each of the four mornings and from then on everything she ate or drank was carefully measured. Her every move was noted too, her daily exercise routine timed to the last second. At regular intervals, after eating, she filled in forms about how hungry she felt and samples were taken for analysis. 4 The scientists help volunteers impose a kind of order on the long days they face in the room. “The first time, I only took one video and a book, but it was OK because I watched TV the rest of the time,” says Nicola. And twice a day she used the exercise bike. She pedaled () for half an hour, watched by researchers to make sure she didn’t go too fast. 5 It seems that some foods encourage you to eat more, while others satisfy you quickly. Volunteers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel full. Believing that they may now know what encourages people to overeat, the researchers are about to start testing a high-protein weight-loss diet. Volunteers are required and Nicola has signed up for further sessions. A What does the calorimeter look like inside? B What program was designed for the experiment? C What is a calorimeter? D What is the first impression? E How do the volunteers kill the time? F Why did Nicola join in the experiments? 23 Paragraph 1____________ 24 Paragraph 1____________ 25 Paragraph 1____________ 26 Paragraph 1____________ 27 The machinery outside the calorimeters records everything___________. 28 Nicola Walters had time for the experiments________________. 29 Volunteers have to get prepared for the time in the calorimeter____________. 30 The experiments show that high-fat diets_____________. A the volunteers do B because she does not have a weight problem C because the life there can be very boring D make people overeat E because she was her own boss F after passing a high-protein test 第4部分：阅读理解（第31—45题，每题3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 第一篇 “Salty” Rice Plant Boosts Harvests British scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more. Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University’s School of Biological Sciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty. The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice. It is estimated that each year more than 100 hectares (公顷) of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts (妨碍生长)plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves (红树林) that create swamps (沼泽) and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of