牛津译林版九年级上册 Unit4 Growing up grammar-task笔记.doc

9A Unit4 Growing up Grammar A before 在...之前（before+后发生的动作） after 在...之后（after+先发生的动作） before/after+句子 =before/after doing(前后主语一致) Before/After he graduated, he joined the club. Before/After graduating, he joined the club. 当...时候 两长用while My mother is cooking, while my father is watching TV. 两短用as As I got home, the bell rang. 一长一短 长（when/while/as） When/While/As people were sleeping, the earthquake happened. 短（只用when） People were sleeping, when the earthquake happened. Phrases: 慢跑go jogging 我精疲力尽。I was/felt tired out. 练习做某事practise (doing) sth B since 自从（现在完成时） Since I was born, I have lived here. 主句：现在完成时；since+一般过去 既然；由于（as） Since it is raining hard, let’s stay at home. 既然下雨了，我们待在家里吧！ till/until 直到（延续性动作） 我一直等到你回来。 I waited for you till/until you came back. not..until 直到...才（短暂性动作） 直到你回来我才离开。 I didn’t leave until you came back. =After you came back, I left. Phrases: awful= terrible糟糕的 an awful day= a terrible day 这是我第一次/第二次/最后一次...做某事 It is my first/second/last...time+ 现在完成时 这是我第一次看这部电影。 It’s my first time (that) I have watched this film. C as soon as 我一离开房间就下雨。 ..就 主过从过 主将从现 It started to rain as soon as I left. 你一到美国我就给你打电话。 As soon as you arrive in the USA, I will call you. whenever =no matter when= every time 无论什么时候你有麻烦，我都会帮助你。 Whenever/No matter when/ Every time you have trouble, I will help you. Phrases: 对...认真对待be serious about sth/doing n. 职业生涯;事业career against （prep） 依靠 He is standing against the wall. 碰撞 After their ship crashed against the rocks,.... 反对 I am against smoking. 4. especially尤其 He has helped many people, especially teenagers. specially专门 This coat is specially made for you. Inte break out爆发（无被动） lose one’s life失去生命 72 million people lost their lives.= 72 million people died. This book was written by a girl named/called Anne. 这本书是由一个叫做Anne的女孩写的。 It was first published in 1947 and then has been translated into 67 languages since then.这本书首先在1947年出版，此后就被翻译成了67种语言。 v. publish出版 v. translate翻译 translate sth into sth (主动)People have translated the book into 67 languages. It was a record of that time, and it has also become the symbol of the victory of the human spirit. 它是那个时代的记录，并且它也成为了人类精神胜利的代表。 record v.记录 record sth 记录你的生活record your life n. 保持/打破记录keep/break the record symbol n. 象征 玫瑰象征着爱情。 The rose is a symbol of love. The rose represents love. The rose stands for love. victory n. 胜利 spirit n. 精神；灵魂 德国Germany 德国人German(s) Her family were forced to move to another country.她的家人被迫搬到另外一个国家。 be forced to do sth被迫做某事 They went into hiding in a secret place in her father’s office. 躲藏起来go into hiding v. hide-hid-hidden They are looking for the hidden treasure.他们在寻找藏起来的宝藏。 We hide from April showers.躲避四月的阵雨。 She kept writing until they were discovered.她一直坚持写作直到被发现。 They were caught and sent to a Nazi camp.他们被抓了并送到一个纳粹的营地。 被捉be/get caught catch-caught-caught; send-sent-sent camp n. 营地 v. go camping She and her elder sister died of illness. 她和她的姐姐死于疾病。 die of +自然原因（生老病死） die of illness die from +意外 die from a car accident v. die-died-dead adj. dying垂死的 dead已经去世的 n. death He died five years ago.= He has been dead for five years. 在他去世之后 after he died= after he was dead= after his death Her father had her diary published.她的父亲把她的日记出版了。 have sth done 把某事做了 我的手表坏了。我要去把它修好。 My watch doesn’t work. I am going to have it fixed/repaired. have sth to do 有事情要做 我没空。我还有很多作业要写。 I am not free. I still have much homework to do. have sb do 让某人做某事=let/make sb do= get sb to do 我让她去做家务。 I have her do housework. She wrote down her thoughts.她写下了她的想法。 think-thought-thought n. thought(s)想法 14. I hope war never happens again.我希望战争再也不要发生。 happen= take place= break out（无被动） how