2022年牛津译林版英语中考总复习二轮语法 八 动词的时态和语态（无答案）.doc

英 语 总 复 习 第八讲 动词的时态和语态 Section One Practice A ( ) 1. Tell Lily to call me as soon as she ______. A. will arrive B. gets there C. has gone D. reach here ( ) 2. ---Hi, Kate. You look tired. What’s the matter? ---I ______ well last night. A. didn’t sleep B. don’t sleep C. haven’t slept D. won’t sleep ( ) 3. ---Excuse me, look at the sign over there, please. Could you stop smoking? ---Sorry, I ______ that. A. didn’t see B. don’t see C. won’t see D. can’t see ( ) 4. ---Well, I found this. I think it must be yours. ---My watch! Thank you. Where ______ it. A. do you find B. had you found C. were you finding D. did you find ( ) 5. ---Do you know when Dr. White ______ for dinner this evening? ---No, but I think he ______ when he is free. A. will come, comes B. will come, will come C. comes, comes D. comes, will come ( ) 6. Look at those black clouds. It ______ rain. Let’s hurry. A. maybe B. would C. has D. is going to ( ) 7. ---Jimmy is leaving for a holiday. ---Really? Where ______ he ______? A. has, gone B. will, go C. did, go D. does, go ( ) 8. ---Shall we go shopping now? ---Sorry, I can’t. I ______ my shirts. A. wash B. washes C. washed D. am washing ( ) 9. ---I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer. ---Oh, I am sorry. I ______ dinner at my friend’s home. A. have B. had C. was having D. have had ( ) 10. The Oriental Pearl TV Tower ______ thousands of visitors since 1995. A. attracted B. attracts C. has attracted D. will attract ( ) 11. ---______ you ______ your e-mails today? ---Not yet. There’s something wrong with my computer. A. Have, checked B. Did, check C. Do, check D. Are, checking ( ) 12. ---How do you like Beijing, Mr. Smith? ---Oh, I ______ such a beautiful city before. A. don’t visit B. didn’t visit C. haven’t visited D. hadn’t visited ( ) 13. ---Tom, may I borrow your book Chicken Soup? ---Sorry, I ______ it to Mary. A. lent B. have lent C. had lent D. lend ( ) 14. ---Mum, may I go out to play football? ---______ you ______ your homework yet? A. Have, finished B. Do, finished C. Are, finishing D. Did, finish ( ) 15. ---The train is leaving right now, but David hasn’t arrived yet. ---Well, he said he ______ here on time. A. came B. will be C. would come D. can be ( ) 16. ---Why didn’t you go to the cinema yesterday? ---Because I ______ the film before. A. had seen B. have seen C. have watched D. has watched ( ) 17. I don’t think John saw me. He ______ a book at that moment. A. just read B. has just read C. was just reading D. had just read ( ) 18. Mr. Smith _____ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether he has finished it. A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing ( ) 19. Mr. White ______ the newspaper while his daughter ______ TV. A. has read, was watching B. was reading, watched C. was reading, was watching D. reading, watched ( ) 20. ---I ______ you at the meeting. Why? ---I was ill. A. saw B. have seen C. not see D. didn’t see ( ) 21. The 29th Olympic Games ______ in Beijing in 2008. A. hold B. will hold C. will be held D. was held ( ) 22. Hurry up! The play ______ for ten minutes. A. has been on B. has begun C. had begun D. began ( ) 23. ---May I speak to Mr. Smith? ---Sorry, he _____ Australia. But he _____ in two days. A. has been to, will come back B. has gone to, will be back C. has been in, would come back D. is leaving for, doesn’t come back ( ) 24. I can’t go to the theater tonight because I ______ my ticket. A. have lost B. had lost C. will lose D. was losing ( ) 25. ---What a nice bike! How long ______ you ______ it? ---Just two weeks. A. have, bought B. did, buy C. have, had D. are, having ( ) 26. ---I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. ---Oh, not at all. I ______ here only for a few minutes. A. have come B. had been C. was D. have been ( ) 27. ---______ my dictionary anywhere? ---Yes. I saw it on your desk a moment ago. A. Did you see B. If you see C. Had you seen D. Would you see ( ) 28. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _____ office soon. A. leaves B. would leave C. will leave D. had left ( ) 29. Mrs. Smith _____ her keys in the office, so she had to wait until her husband ____ home. A. has left, comes B. left, had come C. had left, would come D. had left, came ( ) 30. ---What did your son say in the letter? ---He told me that he ______ the Disneyland the next day. A. would visit B. has visit C. is going to visit D. will visitSection Two Main Points 动词的时态 英语动词有16种时态，但是常用的只有8种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时。 一、一般现在时的用法 1. 表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用often, usually, every day等时间状语。 He goes to school every day. He is very happy. The earth moves around the sun. 2. 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。 If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside. 3. 有时表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等。 The meeting begins at seven. The rain starts at nine in the morning. 4. 表示状态、感觉的动词（be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound）常用一般现在时。 I like English very much. The story sound very interesting. 二、一般过去时的用法 1. 表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作。 He saw Mr. Wang yesterday. He worked in a factory in 1986. 2. 表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用used to（表示过去常发生而现在不再发生）。 I used to smoke. The shoe factory used to dump its waste into the river. 三、一般将来时的用法 1. will或shall+动词原形，表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。 2. be going to+动词原形，表示最近打算进行的事。 3. be to+动词原形，表示按计划进行或征求对方意见。 The boy is to go to school tomorrow. Are we to go on with this work? 4. go, come, start, move, sail, leave, arrive, stay等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作。 I’m leaving for Beijing. 5. 某些动词的一般现在时也可表示将来。（见一般现在时第3条） The meeting starts at five o’clock. He gets off at the next stop. 四、现在进行时的用法 1. 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，由be+现在分词构成。另外，系动词+介词或副词也表示进行时的意义。 What are you doing? The bridge is under construction. 2. 表示最近一段时间正在做的事情。 He is preparing for the final exam recently. 五、过去进行时的用法 1. 表示过去某一时刻、某一阶段正进行的动作，由was (were)+现在分词构成。 In 1980 he was studying in a university. He was reading a novel when I came in. 六、现在完成时的用法：have/has+过去分词构成 1. 现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，但对现在有影响。句中没有具体时间状语。 He has gone to Fuzhou. He has been to Fuzhou. 2. 现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。常用for和since表示一段时间的状语或so far, now, today, this week(month, year)等表示包括现在的状语。 He has studied English for 5 years. Now I have finished the work. 注意：表示短暂时间动作的词（come, go, die, marry, buy等）的完成时不能与for, since连用。 七、过去完成时的用法：had+过去分词构成 1. 表示过去某一刻或某一动作前完成的动作或状态。常用by, before, until, when等时间状语。 By the end of last year we had built five new houses. I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university. 2. 表示过去某一刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去。 Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours. 八、过去将来时的用法 表示从过去的某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。由should或would+动词原形 构成。第一人称用should，其他人称用would。 例：They were sure that they would succeed. 动词的语态 一、当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式叫主动语态。句子的主语是动