2021届高考英语三轮热点押题训练：热点一 航空航天word版有答案.doc

热点一 航空航天 一、 China's Tianwen 1 Mars probe (探测器)conducted its fourth orbital (correction on Friday evening, as the spacecraft makes ready for its arrival in orbit around Feb. 10, according to the China National Space Administration. The name comes from the long poem Tianwen, meaning Heavenly Questions or Questions to Heaven, written by Qu Yuan, one of the greatest poets of ancient China. In Tianwen, this name conveys the Chinese nation's steady effort in pursuing truth and culture of exploring nature and the universe. CNSA also unveiled (发布)the logo of China's planetary exploration missions, featuring the letter C , signifying China, international cooperation and capacity of entering space. Tianwen 1 has flown for 197 days and more than 465 million kilometers on its journey to the planet. It is now around 184 million km from Earth and 1. 1 million km from Mars. Depending on the two planets, orbits, Mars is between 55 and 400 million km from Earth. Mars probe Tianwen 1 is seen in its first selfies in space on Oct. 1,2020. The administration also published a black-and-white picture of Mars taken by Tianwen 1 , the first snapshot (抓拍的照片)from the Chinese craft. Tianwen 1 , the country's first independent Mars mission, was launched by a Long March 5 heavy-lift carrier rocket on July 23 from the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province, kicking off the nation's planetary exploration program. A successful landing would make China only the second nation lo place a spacecraft on the Martian planet. China would also be the first to successfully orbit, land and deploy (部署)a vehicle in the same mission. According to experts, searching for signs of life on Mars will be the first and foremost scientific goal. China is open and inclusive in the development of its space technology not least because it believes that the exploration of outer space should help build a community with a shared future for mankind.
1.Why is Qu Yuan's poem mentioned in the text?A.To tell the origin of space exploration.B.To describe space exploration vividly.C.To highlight the importance of space exploration.D.To show Chinese continuous struggle in space exploration.2.The main idea of Paragraph 3 is about Tianwen 1's ________.A.function B.development C.operation D.structure3.What is the essential goal of exploring Mars?A.To build a common future for man.B.To prove our achievement in space research.C.To discover signs of life on this planet.D.To expand the understanding of the space.4.What can we learn from the text?A.Letter C Logo symbolizes creation between countries.B.China was the first nation to land a spacecraft on Mars.C.Tianwen 1 made its fifth orbital correction around Feb. 10.D.Tianwen 1 started a new chapter in Chinese planetary exploration. 二、 China’s Mars rover, Tianwen-1, will likely attempt to land at a site in northeastern Mars, according to a new paper published just days ahead of the mission’s launch. The paper was written by team members of China’s Tianwen-1 Mars mission, which aims to send an orbiter and a rover to the Red Planet. The study reveals new details about Tianwen-1, outlining its intended landing area, science goals and the names of instruments aboard the spacecraft. It also stresses the historic nature of the mission: Not only is Tianwen-1 China’s first fully homegrown Mars mission, it’s also the first to carry both an orbiter and a rover. Tianwen-1 means “questions to heaven” and was taken from the title of a poem by Qu Yuan (340 — 278 BC). The spacecraft will reach Mars in February 2021, at the same time as NASA’s Perseverance rover and the United Arab Emirates’ Hope orbiter launched on Sunday (July 19). However, China’s rover will remain attached to the orbiter for two to three months before attempting its landing, according to the paper. The chosen landing area is Utopia Planitia, a huge basin formed by a large impact far back in Mars’ history that was also the region where NASA’s Viking 2 lander touched down in 1976. China had isolated a part of the vast plain as a landing area, which means there will be more time and atmosphere for the entry spacecraft to slow down and safely land on the surface. The latitude is also suitable for receiving enough sunlight to power the 240 kilograms rover. The relatively smooth surface will also be helpful for roving. The mission also benefits from the engineering heritage of China’s Chang’e lunar exploration program, the paper noted. The Tianwen-1 orbiter will operate in a polar orbit in order to map Mars. The rover will also investigate the surface soil characteristics and water-ice distribution with its own Subsurface Exploration Radar. It will also analyze surface material composition and characteristics of the Martian climate and environment on the surface. 1.What’s the purpose of the passage?A.To lay out key details about Tianwen-1.B.To state how Tianwen-1 was invented.C.To stress the historic meaning of Tianwen-1.D.To analyze characteristics of the Martian climate.2.What is most special about Tianwen-1 according to Para. 2 & 3?A.It was named after Qu Yuan, a famous poet in Chinese history.B.It will reach Mars at the same time as NASA’s Viking 2.C.It will remain for 2 or 3 months on Mars.D.It will complete orbiting and roving in a Mars mission.3.Why is Utopia Planitia chosen as the landing area of Tianwen-1?A.The rare air there is suitable for the flight of Tianwen.B.The area can protect Tianwen-1 from too much sunlight.C.It has relatively smooth surface, which is helpful for roving.D.There is no spacecraft successfully landing there in history.4.The last paragraph states mainly ___________.A.Tianwen-1’s historic contributionsB.Tianwen-1’s new radar instrumentsC.Tianwen-1’s academic advantagesD.Tianwen-1’s scientific goals 三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     A Chinese spacecraft ①_____(carry) the country's first lunar samples has started its return journey from the moon, according to the country's space authority. This is ②_____ first-ever Chinese spacecraft to take off from another planet.     China's Chang'e-5 lunar probe(探月器), consisting ③_____ an orbiter, a lander, an ascender(上升器) and a returner, was sent up on November, 24. After ④_____ (automatic) detecting and identifying ⑤_____ (barrier), its lander-ascender combination selected the site and touched down on the near side of the moon on December 1.     After the ⑥_____ (collect) of the samples, they were sealed in a container. The ascender of Chang'e-5 took off from the lunar surface, and is expected ⑦_____ (complete) unmanned docking(对接) with the orbiter-returner in lunar orbit and the samples will be moved into the returner for delivery back to Earth. If all goes well, China will become the ⑧_____ (three) country to have gathered lunar materials in the world.     In this century, so far only China ⑨_____ (succeed) in putting robotic spacecraft on the surface of the moon: Chang'e-3 in December 2013, and Chang'e-4, ⑩_____ in January 2019 became the first spacecraft to land on the far side of the moon. Chang'e-4's Yutu 2, is still operating and studying lunar geology at present. 四、 中国首个火星探测器(Mars Probe) “天问一号”(Tianwen 1)于 2020 年 7 月 23 日成功发射；2021 年 5 月，“天问一号”将抵达火星。请你以“China sends up first Mars Probe”为题为校报英文版写一篇英文报道，内容包括： 1.“天问一号”成功发射； 2.发射的影响； 3.你的感想。 注意： 1.写作词数应为 80 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 五、 2020年12月19日上午，学校组织全体同学在电视上观看了嫦娥五号工程月球样本交接仪式，同学们观看后心潮澎湃，倍感自豪，决心认真学习，今后报效祖国，……。请你为校报英文专栏写一篇新