动词时态教案.doc

动词时态一一般现在时1定义表示现在或经常习惯性的动作性质和状态2用法1表示现在的情况或状态SheknowsseverallanguagesThefoodisverydeliciousThesouptastesgood2表示习惯性经常性的动作或经常存在的状态Mrxiaolikesplayingbasketball注意在表示经常性习惯性的动作或状态时常与表示现在的时间状语连用如oftenusuallyalwaysnevereverydayonceaweeksometimesseldom等3表示客观真理和客观存在及自然现象ChinaliesintheeastofAsiaInsummerdaysarelongerthannights4用于时间或条件状语从句中表示将要发生的动作WewillletyouknowassoonasyouarriveIfitdoesntrainwellgoonapicnicasplanned测一测IwonderifTomthisafternoonDontworryIwilltellyouassoonashewillcomecomesBcomeswillcomeCcomescomes5表示按时间表拟定的安排好的活动ThefinalexamtakesplacenextweekThetrainleavesLondonatsixandarrivesatBirminghamateight注意常用于这种情况的动词有comegorunstartbeginreturnleavetakeplace等句中常有表示将来的时间状语3一般现在时的构成1be动词的一般现在时肯定否定疑问简略回答AmamnotAmIam或amnotIsisnotisntIsheisisntArearenotarentAreweyoutheyarearent2实义动词的一般现在时肯定否定疑问简略回答HavedonotdonthaveDoIdodontHasdoesnotdoesntDoeshesheitdoesdosentHavedonotdontDoweyoutheydodont二现在进行时1定义表示现在进行动作现阶段处于状态2用法1表示说话时正在进行尚未完成的动作或状态ThetelephoneisringingTomisplayingbasketballwithhisbrother注意表示正在进行动作常与nowatpresentatthismoment等时间状语连用2表示现阶段正在进行的动作虽然此时此刻动作不一定正在进行MyfatherisreadinganewbookthesedaysIamnowvisitingGuangzhouthisweek注意表示现阶段的动作常与thisweekthesedays等时间状语连用3一些短暂性动词的进行时表将来计划安排好的事情如arrivecomegoleaveIamleavingforBeijingnextweekAreyoustayinginGuangzhouforaweek4在时间或者条件状语从句中代替将来进行时IfIamsleepingwhenhecomeswakemeupplease5表示此时此刻某一动作不断重复Theboyisjumpingwithgreatjoyatsightoftoy6与副词alwaysusuallyforever等连用表示说者某种情感或对某一心理的描述SheisalwaysthinkingofothersWhyareyoualwayscominglateforclass3有些动词不能用现在进行时1表示内心感觉态度情感的动词hatelovefearlikewantwishpreferrefuseforgive等2表示思想状况的动词knowthinkunderstandforgetbelievedoubtremember等3表示感官的动词seeheartastefeelnoticeseemappear等4表示状态的动词behaveappearbelongexistholdlackliestay等5非延续性动词beginleavegocomereturnjoindiearrivebecome等4结构肯定否定疑问简略AmdoingamnotdoingAmIdoingamamnotIsdoingisnotdoingIshesheItdoingisisntAredoingarenotdoingAreweyoutheydoingarearent注意现在进行时是热门考点往往其后有明显的提示词时间状语或语境如PasstheraincoattomepleasehardnowHereyouareisrainingBrainedCwillrain三一般过去时1表示过去经常或反复发生的动作常和oftenusuallyalways等表示频度的时间状语连用2一般过去时的句子变化含连系动词bewaswere的变化肯定句主语be表语1HewasaChinesedriverWewereatschool2否定句主语benot表语2HewasnotawriterTheywerenotathome3疑问句一般疑问句Be主语表语3WasheanengineerWereyouatschool含行为动词的变化1肯定句主语动词过去式其它WeusuallyplayedpingpongafewyearsagoTheycleanedtheirbedroomlastweekendShedidherhomeworkatschoolyesterdayLucywatchedTVnewslastnight2否定句主语didnot动词原形其它WedidntplaypingpongyesterdayafternoonTheydidntcleantheirclassroomafterschoolShedidntdoherhomeworkatschoolMomdidntcookdinnerforuslastFridayLucydidntruntoschoolyesterdaymorningHedidnthavelunchatschoolthismorningGinadidntgetanMP4forherbrotherHehadlunchatschool3疑问句一般疑问句Did主语动词原形其它DidyouplaypingpongafterschoolDidtheycleantheirclassroomafterclassDidshedoherhomeworkatschoolDidLucyspeakatthemeetingDidhehavelunchatschoolDidGinagetanMP4forherbrother四过去进行时表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作WhenhecalledmeIwashavingadinner表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作Wewereworkingfromtwotofouryesterday用于描写故事情景或者提供故事发生的时间背景Itwasadarknightanditwassnowingheavily五一般将来时构成WillShall动词原形表示将来在书面中主语是I或we常用shall也可用will在口语中will可用于各种人称IwillshallseeyoutomorrowtotalkaboutthenewplanWewillshallcometoaskMissChenforhelpHewilllosethejobifhedoesntworkhardbegoingto动词原形表将来表示计划打算或根据目前迹象推测可能发生的事ImgoingtogathersomematerialsaboutPicassobeto动词原形表将来表示计划中约定或按职责义务和要求必须要去做的事情或即将发生的动作Themeetingistotakeplaceearlytomorrowbeaboutto动词原形表将来表客观就要发生的事情一般不与具体的时间状语连用DontgooutWereabouttohavedinner一般现在时表将来主将从现6现在进行时表将来六过去将来时1过去将来时构成ShallshouldWillwouldWasweregoingtoWaswereaboutto2过去将来时在一般将来时的基础上把相应的动词变为过去式七现在完成时1结构havehas过去分词2用法1强调不久前完成的动作或对现在产生的影响常与justalreadyyet用于否定句和疑问句连用谓语用非延续性动词HehasjustgoneoutIhavealreadyfinishedmylunchHaveyouheardthenewsyet强调直到现在为止的生活经历常与neverever用于否定和疑问onlyoncetwice或threetimes等连用可以用howmanytimes提问谓语动词用延续性动词HehasneverbeenlateforschoolHaveyoueverclimbedthatmountainHowmanytimeshaveyoueverbeentoEngland区别hasgoneto和hasbeento表示动作或状态从过去某时开始一直持续至今可能刚刚结束也可能继续下去这种用法常与forsince引导的时间状语连用可以用howlong提问谓语用延续性动词HowlonghaveyoulivedhereWehavelivedhereforabouttenyears注意非延续动词在肯定句中不能与一段时间连用否定句中可以在肯定句中若有表示时间的状语非延续性动词可以切换成延续性动词如Wehaventcomehereforages否定IhavejoinedtheYouthVolunteersIhavebeenintheYouthVolunteersfor5years八过去完成时1构成had过去分词2用法1表示一个动作在过去某一时间或某一动词之前已经完成BytheendoflastmonthhehadonlyfinishedhalfoftheworkBythetimeIwasfiveIhadstartedlearningEnglishIfoundyourcoatafteryouhadleftthehouse表示一个始于过去终于或者持续至另一个过去的动作动作在过去某一时间以前就已经开始一直持续到这一过去时间并有可能继续下去常与forsince引导的时间短语或从句连用ShesaidthatshehadmademuchprogresssinceshecamehereIhadworkedinacarfactoryfortwoyearsbeforeIcamehere在宾语从句中也经常使用过去完成时表示从句动作先于主句动作发生IthoughtIhadseenhimbefore九时态的注意事项1时态呼应在一些名词性从句中主句是现在时或将来时从句运用各种时态若主句是过去时从句也要用过去的某种时态Hesaidthathehadknownherwell2各种时态的区别一般现在时和现在进行时一般现在时表示存在状况时常可采用表示状态的动词如bekeepremainstayexisthave等而这些动词很少用于现在进行时以herethere等开头的句子说明正在发生动作谓语动词不用进行时而用一般现在时LookoutTherecomesafiercedogListenTheregoesthefirstbell3表示动作意义的动词必须是习惯性的经常性的动作或是一般性的行为才使用一般现在时而这种动词在现在进行时中则往往表示现在或目前一小段时间内正在进行的动作LighttravelsfasterthansoundHeistravelinginEuropethesedays4有些动词如listenlook等在一般现在时中强调动作的结果而在现在进行时中则用listentolookat等表示正在发生的动作ImlookingatthepicturedrawnbyPicassoItlooksreallynice5在时间或者条件状语从句中主将从现AssoonasyoureceiveourbookpleasesendusthemoneyIfyoufailagainIsuggestyounottoloseheart一般过去时和现在完成时一般过去时表示动作简单的发生在过去与现在没有关系而现在完成时虽然动作发生在过去但对现在有影响且不可以与明确时间连用ShewenttoJapanlastweekIhavebeentoJapantwice一般过去时和过去进行时强调点不同一般过去时侧重发生动作的事实过去进行时侧重动作持续的过程或动作持续的时间长短完成性不同一般过去时动作已完成而过去进行时表示动作未完成连续性不同真题再现一单项选择IscaredofdogseversinceadoghurtmewhenIwas5yeasoldwillbeBwasChavebeenDwouldbeMygrandparentsforoversixtyyearsandtheyloveeachotherverymuchhavebeenmarriedBgotmarriedCweremarriedDhavegotmarriedPleasewaitSheforyouinafewminutestalkBtalkedChavetalkedDwilltalkCathycanyouanswerthedoorItheroomImcomingMumcleanBcleanedChavecleanedDamcleaningWhenshallwebeginourmeetingWellbeginitwhenHelencomesBcameCwillcomeDcomeStopsmokingJoeYouyourselfifyoukeepondoingitlikethatwillkillBhavekilledCkillDkilledHurryupMarkandCarlusexpectBareexpectingChaveexpectedDwillexpectIwenttovisityouyesterdayeveningbutyouwerentinWherewereyouthenOhImypetdogintheparkIthisdogforthreedaysanditsverycutewaswalkinghavehadBwalkedboughtwaswalkinghaveboughtDwalkedhavehadWhenwilluncleSamcometoseeusHellvisitusthisweekendHemethatbyemailtoldBistoldCwilltellDwasgoingtotellNeithertheheadmasternortheteacherstakeavacationnextweekweregoingtoBisgoingtoCwasgoingtoDaregoingtoInthepastfewyearsgreatchangesinLianyungangtakeplaceBtookplaceChavetakenplaceDhavebeentakenplaceLookatthesignItsaysNosmokingOhsorryIitdontseeBhaventseenCwasntseenDdidntseeTomyoueverthatnewfilmYesIitaweekagohaveseensawBhaveseenseeCdoseeseeDhadseensaw14OurclassmateswenttoaconcertyesterdayafternoonWhatapityImyhomeworkhaddoneBwasdoingCamdoingDwoulddo15IthebooklittlewomanbutIllletyoureaditfirsthaventreadBdontreadCwontread二根据句意用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空AlittlebirdflyinthroughtheopenwindowandsheitfreeatonceTherebeanEnglishsummerCampnextmonthComeandjoinusSincelastAugusttheoldladyhavebadheadachesthreetofourtimesamonthSincehefelloffthebikeJohnlieinbedfornearlyaweekIfthosewildanimalscantfindenoughfoodtheydieorhavetoleavehabitsoon三根据汉语意思完成下面句子1到去年年底为止我们又建了三个博物馆Bytheendoflastyear他说等她一回来就把礼物送给她Hesaidthathegiveherthepresentassoonasshecameback当我到达时我发现很多人正躺在沙滩上IfoundthatmanypeopleonthebeachwhenIarrivedthere当我到达火车站时火车已经开走了ThetrainwhenIgottothetrainstation顺便问一下你去扬州几次啦howmanytimesYangzhou强化训练一单项选择MilliewhereisMissLiSheaspeechonChinesearttothefirststudentsinthehallgivesBgaveCisgivingDhasgivenIfNancytheexamshewillgoAustraliaforEnglishstudyPassBpassedCpassesDwillpassThatsanicecellphoneItisMyauntitformylastbirthdaybuyBwillbuyChaveboughtDboughtWehavenomorevegetablesinthefridgeIandbuysomegoBwentCwillgoDwasgoingTheofficialsaidtheyanewnewtoprotecttouristsnextyearmakesBwouldmakeCmadeDhavemadeThesupermarketisfarfromMaryshousesosheonceaweekgoesshoppingBhasbeenthereCwasshoppingDhasgonethereMikegoandseewhofootballontheplaygroundisplayingBplaysCplayedDwereplayingyoutotheradioNoyoucanturnitoffDidlistenBHavelistenedCDolistenDArelisteningOurteacherMissChenEnglishontheradiothedaybeforeyesterdayteachBtaughtCwillteachDhadtaughtIcallyouatabouthalfpasteightlastnightbutnobodyansweredOhIinmyofficeatthattimewillworkBwasworkingCworkedDhadworkedWhynotgotoseedolphinshowwithmeBecauseIitsawBwillseeCseeDhaveseenIsyourmotherathomeNosheshoppinghasbeentoBgoesChasgoneDhasbeeninImsorryyouvemissedthetrainIt10minutesagoleftBhasleftChadleftDhasbeenawayDoyouknowJackwellCertainlyWefriendssince10yearsagowereBhavemadeChavebecomeDhavebeenWhenIgottherehethemtodanceisteachingBteachesCwasteachingDtaught