第六单元知识详解
***重要短语
join the Birdwatching Society 加入观鸟协会 Look like 看起来像
one of ... ……之一 Provide...for...提供……给……
All year round 一年到头 For a short stay 短暂停留
In the daytime 在白天 In order to 以便,为的是
Lead to 导致 Less and less 越来越少
Invite them to help us 请他们帮助我们 Stop...from doing 阻止做某事
In danger 处于危险之中 Write down 写下,记下
Be home to 是……的家园 Be interested in 对……感兴趣
Take part in 参加 Call sb.on 给某人电话
Email sb.at 给某人发电子邮件 Introduce myself 介绍自己
***知识详解
How many types of cranes are there in the world? 世界上有多少种鹤?
how many 修饰可数名词复数, how much 修饰不可数名词。
type 作名词,意思为“种类,类型”,同义词为kind。type作为动词,意思为“打字”。
Are you going to type all day?你准备打一整天字吗?
二、They’re rare birds.它们是稀有的鸟类。
rare作形容词,意思为“罕见的,珍贵的”,同义词为unusual.
It is one of the world’s most important wetlands.它是世界上最重要的湿地之一。
One of...意思为“……之一”,后面接名词复数,如果名词复数前有形容词修饰,则用形容词的最高级形式。
Sun Yang is one of the best swimmers in the world.
孙杨是世界上最好的游泳健将之一。
The area provides food and cover for a lot of wildlife.这个地区为很多野生动物提供食物和住所。
provide 作及物动词,意思为“提供,供应,供给”,表示供给所需物品以方便使用,其后常接名词或者代词作宾语,并且常和介词with/for搭配使用。
The farmers provide us with grain and vegetables. 农民为我们提供粮食和蔬菜。
Did your parents provide food and clothes for you in the university?你父母供给你在大学的衣食吗?
cover 的主要用法如下:
cover作为名词,意思为“封面,盖子,覆盖物,栖息地”
Is that you on the cover? 那个封面人物是你吗?
We provide food and cover for the panda. 我们为熊猫提供食物和栖息地。
cover作动词:
①表示“覆盖,遮蔽”,常与介词with连用,
Please cover the desk with the cloth. 请用这块布遮盖桌子。
②表示“支付(费用)”
I washed dishes at a Chinese restaurant to cover living expenses.
我在一家中餐馆洗盘子以支付日常生活开销。
五、Many birds live in Zhalong all year round, while some go there only for a short stay.
许多鸟类一整年都生活在扎龙,而一些鸟仅仅在那里做短暂的停留。
all year round 意思为“一年到头,一整年”
Kunming is a beautiful city all year round. 昆明是一个四季美丽的城市。
while意思为“然而”,引导并列句,while前后句子结构相同,句意相反或者相对。
Lucy is tall while her brother is short. 露西个子高而她弟弟个子矮。
stay的用法归纳如下:
stay作名词,意为“停留”
I want you to come here and have a long stay. 我希望你来这儿多待几天。
stay作动词,意为“停留,逗留,呆,继续”
I’m in a hurry. I’ve no time to stay. 我很忙。没有时间停留。
Most birds are active in the daytime, so you can easily watch them there.
在白天绝大多数鸟是活跃的,所以你在那里很容易就能看到它们。
active 作形容词,意思为“活跃的,积极的”,其动词形式为act. 用法归纳如下:
用作表语和定语,
Although he is over 80, he is still very active.
他虽然年过80岁,但他还是很活跃。
用于搭配 be active in, 意思为“积极参加”,习惯上不用于体育方面
He is active in politics. 他积极参加政治活动。
注意:take part in(参加)这一短语中,part前通常不用冠词,但若之前有active修饰,则加an
He takes an active part in school activities. 他积极参加学校各项活动。
actively adv. 积极地,活跃地
in the daytime 意思为“在白天”
Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings. 一些人想要减少湿地面积,以腾出更多的地方建造农场和房屋。
in order to 意为“为了……”,表示目的。在用法和意义上与so as to 结构类似,但是in order to 结构可以放在句首、句中,而so as to 多用于句中。其否定形式直接在to后面加not。
扩展:in order to 和so as to 在句中表示目的时,可以转化成in order that 或so that 引导的目的状语从句
We should work hard in order to pass the exam.
We should work hard so as to pass the exam.
We should work hard in order that we can pass the exam.
We should work hard so that we can pass the exam.
为了通过考试,我们应该努力学习。
space作名词,意为“空间,太空,空白,间隔”
Leave a space after that word. 在那个词之后留下间隔。
扩展:space 的短语
after a space 片刻后 in space在太空中
in the space of a moment 一瞬间
八、Now the Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these thins in Zhalong. 现在中国政府已经出台了一系列法律法规来制止扎龙的此类事情。
现在完成时态由“have/has +过去分词”构成,用法归纳如下:
现在完成时主要有两个含义:
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①表示动作发生在过去,但与现在的情况有联系,有时候无时间状语有时和一些表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如:many times,just,yet,ever, never, already, before, so far, by now等
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并且还有可能继续下去的动作,用于延续性动词,且句中常常带有表示一段时间的时间状语,如:“since +时间点/从句”, for two months等。
(2)现在完成时的句型转换:
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①变一般疑问句时,直接把have/has提前
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②变否定句时在have,has后加not,或者缩写成haven’t/hasn’t
prevent 作动词,意思为“阻止”,常见词组为prevent from doing sth.
解析:prevent...from, keep...from 与stop... from
这三个短语的意思都是表示“阻止……做……”或“阻止……发生”,而protect...from是表示“保护……不受伤害”。
Prevent...from 和stop... from用在主动语态中时from可以省略
Keep...from在表示此意时,from不可以省略,否则keep...doing是“使……处于……状态中”的意思,如:
We must prevent the water from being polluted. 我们必须阻止水被污染。
We stopped him from coming here. 我们阻止他来这里。
The heavy rain kept us from coming on time. 大雨让我们没能按时到。
We record their types and changes in their numbers.我们记录它们的种类以及数量的变化。
record的用法归纳:
record作动词
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①表示“记录”,如:
We should record the events of the past.我们应该把过去的事件记录下来。
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②表示“录音,录影”,如:
She has recorded several songs. 她已录了好几首歌。
record作名词:
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①作“记录”讲,常用在词组keep a record of 中,如:
Here is a record of road accidents. 这是一份交通事故的记录。
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②表示“个人行为的记录,履历”,如:
Tom had a fine record at school. 汤姆在学校成绩良好。
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③表示“(常指运动)记录,最好的成绩”,如:
break a record 打破记录 set a record 创造记录
keep/hold a record 保持记录 equal/match a record 平一项记录
national record国家记录 Asian record 亚洲记录
world record世界记录
change的用法归纳:
change作动词:
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①change...for...意为“用……换……”如:
I’m thinking of changing my car for a new one.我正考虑换辆新车。
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②change...into...意为“把……变成(换成)……”,如:
We can change ice into water by heating it. 通过加热我们可以把冰变成水。
change作名词:
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①表示“变化;改变”,多用于可数名词,有时也可用作不可数名词,
Great changes have taken place here since 1978.自1978年以来这里发生了巨大的变化。
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②表示在某一方面的变化或改变,通常用介词in,如:
There has been a change in the programme You are the one.《非诚勿扰》节目有所变动。
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③表示“零钱,找头”,是不可数名词,如:
Don’t forget your change.不要忘记你的零钱。
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④用于for a change, 意为“为了变化”,如:
We usually go there by bus,but this time we will go by bike for a change.
我们通常乘公共汽车去那儿,但这次我们想换个方式骑自行车去。
十、Every year, a lot of tourists go to Zhalong to watch the birds. 每年许多观光者去扎龙观看鸟类。
tourist作名词,意为“旅行者,观光客”,其词根为tour,词性为名词或者动词,意为“旅行,观光”
We hope this will help people understand the importance of the wetlands. 我们希望这将帮助人们明白湿地的重要性。
importance为名词,意为 “重要性”;important 为形容词,意为 “重要的”。be of importance =be important
The meeting to be held next month will be of great importance.
=The meeting to be held next month will be very important.
第六单元练习
根据提示,写出单词
Zhalong Nature Reserve is one of the world’s most i_________wetlands.
Most birds are a______in the daytime,
Some people want to make more s_______for farms and houses.
The Chinese g_________has had some rules and policies to protect children.
Zhalong is a p________natural place for some rare birds.