2017年12月英语四级(卷一)

2017年12月英语四级及答案（卷一） 　Part I Writing (25 minutes) 　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on how to besthandle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 　　Section A 　　Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 　　1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather. 　　B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother. 　　2. A) By taking pictures for passers-by. C) By selling lemonade and pictures. 　　B) By working part time at a hospital. D) By asking for help on social media. 　　Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 　　3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction. 　　B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles. 　　C) Providing clean energy to five million people. 　　D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel. 　　4. A) They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements. 　　B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways. 　　C) They are only about half an inch thick. 　　D) They are made from cheap materials. 　　Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 　　5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research. 　　B) The hazards from the desert. D) The lack of clues about the species. 　　6. A) To observe the wildlife in the two national parks. 　　B) To identify the reasons for the lions’ disappearance. 　　C) To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia. 　　D) To find evidence of the existence of the “lost lions”. 　　7. A) Lions walking. C) Some camping facilities. 　　B) Lions’ tracks. D) Traps set by local hunters. 　　Section B 　　Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 　　8. A) Her ‘lucky birthday’. C) Her wedding anniversary. 　　B) A call from her dad. D) A special gift from the man. 　　9. A) Gave her a big model plane. C) Took her on a trip overseas. 　　B) Bought her a good necklace. D) Threw her a surprise party. 　　10. A) The gift her husband has bought. 　　B) The trip her husband has planned. 　　C) What has been troubling her husband. 　　D) What her husband and the man are up to. 　　11. A) He will be glad to be a guide for the couple’s holiday trip. 　　B) He will tell the women the secret if her husband agrees. 　　C) He is eager to learn how the couple’s holiday turns out. 　　D) He wants to find out about the couple’s holiday plan. 　　Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 　　12. A) They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation. 　　B) They see the importance of making compromises. 　　C) They know when to adopt a tough attitude. 　　D) They take the rival’s attitude into account. 　　13. A) They know how to adapt. C) They know when to make compromises. 　　B) They know when to stop. D) They know how to control their emotion. 　　14. A) They are patient. C) They learn quickly. 　　B) They are good at expression. D) They uphold their principles. 　　15. A) Make clear one's intentions. C) Formulate one's strategy. 　　B) Clarify items of negotiation. D) Get to know the other side. 　　Section C 　　Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 　　Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 　　16. A) When America's earliest space program started. 　　B) When the International Space Station was built. 　　C) How many space shuttle missions there will be. 　　D) How space research benefits people on Earth. 　　17. A) They accurately calculated the speed of the orbiting shuttles. 　　B) They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space. 　　C) They tried to meet astronauts' specific requirements. 　　D) They tried to make best use of the latest technology. 　　18. A) They are extremely accurate. C) They were first made in space. 　　B) They are expensive to make. D) They were invented in the 1970s. 　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. 　　19. A) It was when her ancestors came to America. 　　B) People had plenty of land to cultivate then. 　　C) It marked the beginning of something new. 　　D) Everything was natural and genuine then. 　　20. A) They believed in working for goals. C) They had all kinds of entertainment. 　　B) They enjoyed living a living a life of ease. D) They were known to be creative. 　　21. A) Chatting with her ancestors. C) Polishing all the silver work. 　　B) Furnishing her country house. D) Doing needlework by the fire. 　　Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 　　22. A) Use a map to identify your location. C) Sit down and try to calm yourself. 　　B) Call your family or friends for help. D) Try to follow your footprints back. 　　23. A) You may find a way out without your knowing it. 　　B) You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers. 　　C) You may get drowned in a sudden flood. 　　D) You may end up entering a wonderland. 　　24. A) Look for food. C) Start a fire. 　　B) Wait patiently. D) Walk uphill. 　　25. A) Inform somebody of your plan. C) Check the local weather. 　　B) Prepare enough food and drink. D) Find a map and a compass. 　Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes ) 　　Section A 　　A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these creatures have some 26 skills that could help the treatment of human diseases. 　　Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 27 , but they are just the latest in a long line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having a brain no bigger than the 28 of your index finger, pigeons have a very impressive 29__ memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images. 　　Rats are often 30 with spreading disease rather than 31 it, but this long-tailed animal is highly 32 . Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors (嗅觉感受器), whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect __33 smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB(肺结核). When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to 34 a sample is infected. 　　Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to 35 , but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method doesn't rely on specialist equipment. It is also more accurate — the rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more lives.  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 　Section B 　　Do In-Class Exams Make Students Study Harder? 　　Research suggests they may study more broadly for the unexpected rather than search for answers. 　　[A] I have always been a poor test-taker. So it may seem rather strange that I have returned to college to finish the degree I left undone some four decades ago. I am making my way through Columbia University, surrounded by students who quickly supply the verbal answer while I am still processing the question. 　　[B] Since there is no way for me to avoid exams, I am currently questioning what kind are the most taxing and ultimately beneficial. I have already sweated through numerous in-class midterms and finals, and now I have a professor who issues take-home ones. I was excited when I learned this, figuring I had a full week to do the research, read the texts, and write it all up. In fact, I was still rewriting my midterm the morning it was due. To say I had lost the thread is putting it mildly. 　　[C] As I was suffering through my week of anxiety, overthinking the material and guessing my grasp of it, I did some of my own polling among students and professors. David Eisenbach, who teaches a popular class on U.S. presidents at Columbia, prefers the in-class variety. He believes students ultimately learn more and encourages them to form study groups. “That way they socialize over history outside the class, which wouldn’t happen without the pressure of an in-class exam,” he explained, “Furthermore, in-class exams force students to learn how to perform under pressure, and essential work skill.” 　　[D] He also says there is less chance of cheating with the in-class variety. In 2012, 125 students at Harvard were caught up in a scandal when it was discovered they had cheated on a take-home exam for a class entitled “Introduction To Congress.” Some colleges have what they call an “honor