2010~2011学年度第一学期期中初一数学试卷与答案(北京四中)
(时间:100分钟 满分:110分) 姓名:_____________班级:_____________学号:_____________ 一、选择题(每小题3分,共30分) 1.下列计算正确的是 ( ) A.(-3)-(-5)=-8 B.(-3)+(-5)=+8 C. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image001.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET =-9 D. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image003.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET =-9 2.下列各组单项式中,是同类项的是 ( ) A.-a2与(-a) 2 B.2a2b与 INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image004.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET C.xyz与2xy D.3x2y与3x2z 3. 若 INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image005.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 互为相反数,那么 ( ) A. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image006.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET B. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image007.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET C. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image008.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET D. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image009.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 4.下列说法不正确的是 ( ) ①任何一个有理数的平方都是正数 ②任何一个有理数的绝对值都是非负数 ③0既不是正数也不是负数 ④符号不同的两个数是互为相反数的 A. ①④ B.①③ C. ③④ D. ②④ 5. 如果 INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image010.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 是方程 INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image011.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 的解,那么 INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image012.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 的值是 ( ) A. 0 B. 2 C. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image013.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET D. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image014.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 6.下列说法正确的个数是 ( ) ①连接两点的线中以线段最短 ②两条直线相交,有且只有一个交点 ③若两条直线有两个公共点,则这两条直线重合 ④若AB+BC=AC,则A、B、C三点共线 A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 7.今年某种药品的单价比去年便宜了10%,如果今年的单价是a元,则去年的单价是 ( ) A. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image015.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 元 B. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image016.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 元 C. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image017.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 元 D. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image018.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 元 8.如果代数式 INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image019.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 的值为7,那么代数式 INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image020.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 的值等于 ( ) A.2 B.3 C.-2 D.4 9.如图所示的立方体,如果把它展开,可以是下列图形中的 ( ) INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/01.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 10.有理数a,b,c在数轴上的位置如右图所示,则 INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image023.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ( ) A.-2b B.0 C.2c D.2c-2b 二、填空题(每小题2分,共20分) 11. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image025.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 的倒数为________, —3的相反数为________. 12.单项式 INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image026.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 的系数是_____________,次数是_____________. 13. 数轴上与表示—3的点的距离等于 INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image027.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 的点表示的有理数是__________. 14. 已知 INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image028.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ,则 INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image029.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET _____________. 15.据《中国经济周刊》报道,上海世博会第四轮环保活动投资总金额高达821亿元,其中821亿用科学 记数法表示为_____________,保留两位有效数字为_____________. 16.若x2=4,则x=________,若x3=-8,则x=________. 17.(1) INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image031.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET (___________); (2)2a-3(b-c)=___________. 18.一个物体由多个完全相同的小正方体组成,它的三视图如右图所示,那么组成这个物体的小正方体 的个数为_____________. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image030.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET 19.已知一条直线上有A、B、C三点,线段AB的中点为P,AB=10,线段BC的中点为Q,BC=6,则线段PQ的 长为_____________. 20.如图,是用棋子摆成的图案,摆第1个图案需要7枚棋子,摆第2个图案需要19枚棋子,摆第3个图案 需要37枚棋子,按照这样的方式摆下去,则摆第6个图案需要_____________枚棋子,摆第n个图案 需要_____________枚棋子. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image032.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 三、解答题 21.(本题3分) (1) 请你在数轴上表示下列有理数: INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image033.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET , INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image034.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ,0,-22,-(-4). INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image035.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET (2) 将上列各数用“<”号连接起来:_______________________. 22.计算(每小题3分) (1) -24+3-16-5; (2) INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image036.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ; (3) INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image037.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ; (4) INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image038.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ; (5) INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image039.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET . 23.化简:(每小题3分) (1) INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image040.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET (2) INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image041.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 24.(本题3分)先化简,再求值: 4x3—[—x2 —2( x3— INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image042.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET x2+1 )],其中x= — INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image043.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET . 25.(本题3分) 从一个多项式中减去2ab-3bc+4,由于误认为加上这个式子,得到2bc-2ab-1,试求正确答案. 26.(每小题3分)解方程 (1) INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image044.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET (2) INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image045.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 27.(本题3分)列方程解应用题 种一批树苗,如果每人种15棵,则剩下6棵没人种,如果每人种17棵,则缺6棵树苗,问有多少人种树? 28.(本题3分)已知: INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image012.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET , INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image046.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 互为相反数, INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image047.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET , INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image048.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 互为倒数, INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image049.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 求 INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image050.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 的值. 29. (本题4分) 如图所示,用三种大小不同的六个正方形和一个缺角的正方形拼成长方形ABCD,其中,GH=2cm, GK=2cm, 设BF=x cm, (1)用含x的代数式表示CM=_____________cm,DM=_____________cm. (2)若DC=10cm,求x的值. (3)求长方形ABCD的面积. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image051.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 30. (本题4分) (1)填空:1—2+3—4+……+49—50=_____________; 1—2+3—4+……+99—100+101=_____________; (2)计算: INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image052.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 附加题:(每小题2分,共10分) 1.若a, b之间有9个整数(不含a, b本身),则a—b的范围是_____________. 2.下面是按一定规律排列的一列数: 第1个数: INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image053.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ; 第2个数: INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image054.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ; 第3个数: INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image055.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ; …… 第 INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image056.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 个数: INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image057.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET . 那么,在第10个数、第11个数、第12个数、第13个数中,最大的数是( ) A.第10个数 B.第11个数 C.第12个数 D.第13个数 3.已知:a为有理数,a3+a2+a+1=0,求1+a+a2+a3+…+a2012的值. 4.已知: INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image058.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET , INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image059.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ,求ab的值。 5.当整数k为何值时,方程9x-3=kx+14有正整数解?并求出正整数解。参考答案: INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/fav.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 一、选择题 1.~10. DADAC DDADB 二、填空题 11. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image060.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ; 12. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image061.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ; 13. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image062.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ; 14. 2; 15. INCLUDEPICTURE "http://video.etiantian.com/security/d765dbff45a4040b30a39da5581188b3/4d12f742/ett20/resource/7c49a12ca5c385b2f745bdf1b7c42797/tbjx.files/image063.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET 16. INCLUDEPICTURE "http:/