unit 9 英语单词讲解[上学期].doc

Unit 9 Ι.vocabulary 1. abuse n../vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 The abuse of the helpless prisoners made him bitter.（对一无助囚犯横加虐待使他怒火中烧）。 The boss showered abuse on /upon his employees.（大骂他的员工） You should not abuse your authority.（滥用权威） I cannot abuse her trust.（辜负） The landlord had the right to beat, abuse or even kill them at will .那时地主有权随意打骂他们，甚至杀害他们。 The arrested men have been physically abused. 2.income n..收入，收益，所得 a small/large/big income Tony lives beyond/within his income.（寅吃卯粮/量入为出的生活） People on fixed incomes are hurt by price increases. 3．Allowance [C]津贴，零用钱；分配额；限额，定量；折价，折扣；[U]承认，允许 The child has a weekly allowance of 5 dollars. His allowance for food is $ 100.（他拨出100美元用于购买食物） What is the baggage allowance of this airline?（行李重量限额是多少？） That store makes an allowance of 10 percent for cash payment. 短语：the allowance of a claim对要求权的允准 the allowances of segregation 对种族隔离的容忍 make (an) allowance for （做决定时）考虑。。。。 make allowances for （由于一些原因）考虑，体谅 You must make allowances for him because he has been ill. 4．pressure: put/bring pressure on/upon sb.对某人施加压力 under pressure被迫；迫不得已；在压力下 They put pressure on me to sell my precious land. I was under pressure to change my plan. The bank will put pressure on you if you don’t pay. Is he suffering from pressure of work? The roof gave way under the pressure of the snow.( 屋顶因雪的压力而崩塌) 5．consult: vt.请教，向某人求诊，查阅vi.（+with）商量，协议 You’d better consult your doctor about your business. I consulted the telephone book for his address. He consulted with his business partners about the matter. Her parents will consult together about her education. 6.fee 费用，服务费，酬金 The doctor’s fee was higher than we expected. The lawyer’s fees amounted to a thousand dollars. [辨析] fee, income, salary, wage, charge. (1)fee是指付给团体的费用（报名费，学费，会费）和自由职业者（如律师，医生，家庭教师的）酬金 (2)income指经常得到的收入，不管是从工作还是从租金中得到的 Have you any income apart from your pay? (3)salary指每个月由银行发的薪金，尤指给专业人员发的。 He is on a very good salary now. (4)wage是每周用现金支付的薪水，尤指给临时工发的。 He gives most his wage packet to his wife.他把工资袋里大部分钱都交给妻子 (5)charge是因某种服务而收取的费用，如旅馆费，理发费等 The charges for electricity and gas will be increased next year. EX（改错）What are your fees for a room?（改fees为charges） A postman’s _D______ are 180 pounds per week. A. Salaries B. pays C. incomes D. wages 7．Incident [C]事件，事变 He decided never to tell anyone about the incident. Adj.易发生的，伴随而来的（+to） He is fully aware of the risks incident to the life of a racing driver.他