外研版八年级英语上册知识点.doc

Module 1 study plan学习计划 a number of +可数名词复数+V（复数）： the number of+可数名词复数+V（单数）：。。的数量 advice不可数名词 a piece of advice一条建议 give sb. some advice给某人一些建议 advise sb. to do sth.建议某人去做某事 write it/them down把它写下来 what else?还有什么其他的？ It is adj. for sb. to do sth. It is a good idea to do sth. meet sb.接某人 this term这学期 last term上学期 next term下学期 help sb. do sth. help sb. with sth. ask for advice征求意见 basic questions基本问题 spend on sth. spend (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事 物 cost It takes sb. some time to do sth. 人pay for the meaning of。。的意思 speak to sb.与某人谈话 take a deep breath深呼吸 start a conversation开始一段谈话 talk about sth. with sb.跟某人谈论某事 表示建议的句子 ①What about doing=How about doing…? ②Why not do=Why don’t you do..? ③Try (not) to do sth. ④should do ⑤It’s a good idea to do sth. ⑥Would you like to do sth. ⑦Let sb do sth. ⑧Remember to do sth.=Don’t forget to do sth. ⑨you’d better do sth. Module 2 travel around the world环球旅行 invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人去做某事 stay with sb.跟某人呆在一起 one day总有一天 put onαtake off穿上α脱下 landαtake off着陆α起飞 the price of。。的价钱 dream of/about sth.梦到某物 What do you reckon? What do you think of…? How do you like…? have been to 去了回来了 have gone to 去了没回来 fly to sw.飞到某地 because+句子 because of +n./名词短语 western food西方食物 more than=over 超过 sell out卖光 come true实现 Module 3 What are you up to?=what are you doing?你正在做什么？ up to忙于做某事 just now刚刚（一般过去时） the latest news最新消息 Don’t panic!不要惊慌 on the news在新闻上 in space在太空 on business出差 show sth. to sb.=show sb. sth. borrow sth. from sb. lend sth. to sb. millions of 数以百万计的 具体数字+million none of+可数名词复数+V单数 be called…被叫做。。 also用于句中 too 用于句末，但有逗号 as well用于句末，但没有逗号 grow up长大 alone无感情色彩be alone lonely有感情色彩feel lonely prefer A to B prefer doing A to doing B prefer to do A rather than do B so far迄今为止（现在完成时） feel like doing sth.喜欢做某事 as adj.(原级) as 像。。一样 so that如此。。以至于 现在完成时的结构 主语+have/has 动词的过去分词 just/already一般用于肯定句 yet一般用于否定句和疑问句 for+一段时间(for five years) since+一个时间点(since 8 o’clock yesterday) since+具体的年份(since 1990) since+一段时间+ago(since five years ago) 当有一段时间存在时，终止性动词必须变成延续性动词 die → be dead begin/start → be on buy → have borrow → keep come/go → be Module 4 how long多久 get on well with sb.与某人相处融洽 learn a foreign language the Hope School Project Hope希望工程 poor children贫困儿童 in fact事实上 tell me more说的更多点 how long用for+一段时间/since+时间点回答 how often用频度副词来回答 how soon用in+一段时间提问（一般是一般将来时） how far多远，提问路程多远 take part 参加 an eight-year-old boy drop out of school辍学 on the farm在农场上 be ill生病 have to do sth.不得不去做某事 get an education得到教育 with the help of在。。的帮助下 people in China and abroad国内外的人们 because of由于 luck(n.)→lucky(adj.)→luckily(adv.) care(n.)→careful(adj.)→carefully(adv.) 反意疑问句：前肯后否、前否后肯 反意疑问句必须换成主语的代词 谓语动词在时态和人称上要保持一致 表示否定意义的词：never/hardly/few/little/nothing/seldom/no there be→be there? You’d better→hadn’t you? Let’s→shall we? Let us→will you? 祈使句→will you? 一般现在时→do/does 主语? 现在进行时→am/is/are 主语? 一般过去时→did 主语? 过去进行时→was/were 主语? 现在完成时→have/has 主语? ⑾ 情态动词→情态动词 主语? 若句子里含有否定的意义，那么yes翻译成“不”，no翻译成“是” Module 5 反意疑问句的相关知识P172 Who is it by?由。。作曲 be sure of/about sth.对某事有把握、确信 be sure to do sth.确信去做某事 hear of sth.听说 the capital of。。的首都 what’s your favourite…你最喜欢的。。。是什么？ a fan of。。的粉丝 give us a break休息一会 I don’t believe it!我不相信它！ not only..but also..不但。。而且。。（就近原则） describe China to the rest of the world把中国介绍给世界的其他部分 bring western and Chinese music together把中西方音乐结合 in addition to=besides除了 Module 6 How is it going?过的怎么样？ send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb. go on继续 by the river在河边 be late晚的、迟的 in a tree人在树上 on a tree 水果在树上 on the grass在草地上 smile at sb.朝某人微笑 fall behind落后 fall down=go down摔落 every/each（每个）+V单数 tired累的（人） tiring累的（物、事） have nothing to do无事可做 what for=why think of认为 think about考虑 take sth. out of 拿出 take away拿走带走 take off飞机起飞、脱衣服 get up起床 on one’s way to …在某人去。。的路上 表示过去进行时的短语： At that time/at that moment/at this time yesterday/at…o’clock yesterday/from…to…last night 主语+was/were+doing过去某个时刻正在做某事 Module 7 smell/look/taste/feel/sound+adj. What’s the matter with you? What’s wrong with you? be afraid+句子 be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事 be afraid of doing sth. try to do sth. try one’s best to do sth.尽力去做某事 What is she like?（性格、内在特征） What does she look like?（外貌） introduce A to B把A介绍给B introduce oneself自我介绍 hear from=get a letter from=receive a letter from收到某人来信 thanks for sth. can’t wait to do sth.等不及去做某事 when 引导的时间状语从句：主将从现 wear glasses戴眼镜 arrive at+小地点 arrive in +大地点 reach sw. get to sw. sound like听起来像 as well也 the captain of。。的队长 be proud of…因。。而骄傲 work hard努力工作 get/be angry with sb. be angry at/about sth. bad marks坏分数 at first首先 a bit=kind of稍微、有点儿 Module 8 show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. the map of…。。的地图 over there在那儿 do some shopping=go shopping 表示静止的方位： on the right/left in the middle of on the corner of between…and… opposite… next to in front of behind 表示动态的方位： go along=go down =walk along=walk down go across go straight ahead turn left/right into… 表示问路的话 Where is the …? How can I get to the…? Which is the way to the…? Can you tell me the way to the…? welcome to… a clear day晴朗的一天 get off下车αget on上车 Module 9 danger(n.) in danger处于危险中 dangerous(adj.)αsafe be excited to do sth.兴奋去做某事 make sb. do sth. make sb. adj. make sb. n. have no place to live in没有地方可住 take away带走 in peace和平的 on earth究竟 look for寻找（过程） find找到（结果） find out查清（通过研究找出结果） be surprised to do sth.惊奇的去做某事 look after=take care of there be sb./sth. doing sth.某地有sb./sth.正在做某事 live on 以。。为生 less and less越来越少 more and more越来越多 make a plan定一个计划 adj. enough to do sth.足够。。去做某事 go back=return返回 the symbol of。。的象征 such as没有逗号，后面一般加n.或者短语 for example一般有逗号，后面一般加句子 Module 10 How is it?事情进展的怎么样？ places of interest名胜 be/become interested in sth./doing sth. interested形容人 interesting形容物或者事 offer to do sth.主动提出去做某事 agree to do sth.同意去做某事 agree with sb.同意某人 agree on sth.同意某事 almost几乎 hardly几乎不（表示否定） though/although虽然but但是（不可以同时出现） have a good time=enjoy oneself take place=happen发生 be famous for因。。而著名 be famous as作为。。而著名 the story of。。的故事 the centre of。。的中心 be born in sw./on+日子 one of 最高级+可数名词复数+V单数 fall in love with sb.爱上某人 be full of=be filled with fill A with B把B装到A里 find it adj. to do sth. plan/decide/hope/want/agree/ offer/try/want/wish/begin/need/forget/learn/+ to do sth. help/make sb. do sth. be glad to do sth. give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.(bring/lend