2022-2023学年初中英语（外研版）——巩固练14 八下现在完成时（二）（含答案）.doc

八年级下英语（外研版） 现在完成时（二） ————瞬间动词的现在完成时“转换”专题 瞬间动词可以有现在完成时，但是不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如和表示一段时间的状语连用则需要把短暂性动词换成延续性动词或表示状态的短语。   常见瞬间动词有：buy, die, join, come，go ,leave, join ……等，他们的现在完成时态不能与for...， since...，或how long等表示时间段的状语连用。短暂性动词变成延续性动词或表示状态的短语常见做法有如下几种： 一、短暂性动词变成表示状态的动词。 buy----have   borrow -----keep come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in    go out----be out   leave ----be away begin-----be on     finish----be over open----be open     close -----be closed die----be dead 例句： 1.have代替buy 　　My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. 2、用keep或have代替borrow 　　I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. 3、用be替代become How long has your sister been a teacher? 4、用have a cold代替catch a cold Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. 　　二、用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词 1、be＋married代marry 2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill 3、be＋dead代die 4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep 5、be＋awake代wake/wake up 6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave 7、be＋open代open 8、be closed代close/shut 9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代lose 　　三、用“be＋副词”代终止性动词 　　1“be＋on”代start, begin 　　2“be＋up”代get up 　　3“be＋back(to)”代return to, come back to, go back to 4“be here (there)”代come(arrive, reach, get) here或go (arrive, reach, get) there等等 　　四、用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词 　　1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to 　　2. 用be in the army 代替join the army 　　3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to 　　 常用瞬间动词变延续性动词一览表： 　　1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw. 　　→have been in sw./at…相应的介词 　　2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back 　　3. have come/gone out →have been out 　　4. have become → have been 　　5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open 　　6. have got up → have been up； 　　7. have died → have been dead； 　　8. have left sw. → have been away from sw. 　　9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep； 　　10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over； 　　11. have married → have been married； 　　12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ； 　　13. have begun → have been on 　　14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had 　　15. have lost → haven’t had 　　16. have put on →have worn 　　17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold； 　　18. have got to know → have known 　　19. have/has gone to → have been in 　　20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army →have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier… 配套练习 单项选择。1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _________what's happened to him .　　Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?　　Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still 3、Have you met Mr Li ______？　　Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years .　　Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written5、—Our country ______ a lot so far . —Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .　　Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good　　Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .　　Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study　　Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .　　Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .　　Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see9、—These farmers have been to the United States.　 —Really? When _____ there ?　　Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they go　　Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?　　 —Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .　　Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have ; done ; finished　　Ｃ. Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. Will ; do ; finish11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978.　　Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in12、—Do you know him well ?　　— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .　　Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made —How long have you ____ here ?　　—About two months.　　Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .　　Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun　　Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army.　　Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .　　Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.　　Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have b