高一英语必修Unit4重点词组练习.docx

高一英语必修一Unit4重点词组及练习 burst into +n =burst out doing 突然 ····· 起来 burst into tears =burst out crying 2.as is known to everybody总所周知 3.be injured 受伤 4.cut across穿过 横穿 5.as usual像往常一样 6.give out散发出 精疲力竭 7.instead of 代替 8.give a speech演讲 9.put up shelters搭建避难 10.be pleased to do sth.乐意做某事 11.be proud of 以 ····· 而自豪 12.the number of ····· 的数量 13.in the open air 在户外 14.right away立刻 15.in ruins破败不堪 成废墟 16.dig out掘出 17.at an end 终结 18.a number of 许多 大量的 19.too····· to·····太····· 而不能 20.tens of thousands of 成千上万的 21.be trapped in =be caught in 被困在·····中 22.all ····· not····· = not all····· 并非所有·····都 23.to the north of =north of 在·····的北面 24.be rescued from 被从·····解救出 25.be buried 被埋葬 被埋藏 26.bury oneself in =be buried in 专心于，埋头于 27.think little of 评价不高 think highly of 赞许 给予较高评价 28.as if 仿佛 29. be/ get shocked 震惊 30.at an end 终结 1、In the city, the water pipes in some buildings crashed and burst. 城市里，一些大楼里的水管爆裂。 burst爆裂,突发 用法归纳： I felt as if my heart would burst with joy. 我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。 The police burst through the door. 警察破门而入。 There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。 联想扩展： (1) burst in on…突然打断 He burst in on our conversation. 他突然打断了我们的谈话。 (2) burst into +n. 突然… The speaker burst into angry speech. 演讲者突然讲粗话。 (3) burst out + doing突然… The woman burst out crying like a child. 那个妇女突然像小孩一样哭了。 2. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. 地震中，有三分之二的人死亡或受伤。injury n. 伤害 易混辨析： injure ; hurt; wound; harm 伤害 injure比hurt 正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure则指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。 hurt 既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。指肉体上的伤害时，hurt可与badly, slightly, seriously等连用；但若果指精神上的创伤，只能用very much, rather / deeply。 wound 指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，特指战场上受伤。可以是肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的创伤。 harm 表示引起对身体、物质或精神上的损害，常指伤害人的肉体，损坏东西以及损害健康、品质、事业等。 即时活用： 1、Did you say that our neighbor ______ in the accident? A. badly hurted B. was badly hurted C. had badly hurted D. was badly hurt 2、My chest _____ when I take a deep breath, doctor. A. hurts B. wounds C.harms D. injure 3、The old lady died from the _____on her head; she was _______when cleaning windows on the ladder when she fell off it. A. injury; injured B. wound; wound C. wounded; hurt D. hurt; injured 5、The bus driver was badly ___on both legs in the traffic accident. A. wounded B. broken C. injured D. destroyed It seemed as if the world was at an end! 【短语归纳】与end搭配的常用短语： come to an end vi.结束（用作谓语） bring/put sth.to an end vt.结束；制止 at the end of在…尽头（末）（指时间或空间） by the end of到…末为止（现在完成时连用） by the end of last...（与过去完成时连用） by the end of next...（用于将来完成时） in the end最后，终于（作状语） on end连续 to the end到底 without end没完没了的 【随堂练习】用at the end of, by the end of 和 in the end填空。 （1）How many English words have you learned ____________ last term? （2）He became an outstanding doctor ___________. （3）My uncle will fly to China _________ this year. It seemed + that从句是一个句型，表示“看起来好象”。 eg: It seemed that he didn't notice this. 看起来他好象没注意这件事。 as if是连词词组，意为“好像、好似”，相当于as though，一般用于句型It looks/seems as if...中，其意思是“看起来好像……”。如果与事实相反，则用虚拟语气；如果与事实一致，则保持正常时态。 eg: 1.There is a lot of cloud. It seems as if it's going to rain. 有这么多乌云，看起来好象要下雨了。（是事实，不用虚拟） 2.She is so kind to me. It seems as if she were my mother. 她对我非常好，看起来好象她是我的母亲。（事实上不是，与现在事实相反） sb. 作主语时，seem后常跟adj. 作表语。 eg: He seemed a little angry. 他看起来有点生气。 4.、In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. （1）n. 残垣断壁；废墟（名词时常用复数） The city lay in ruins after years of bombing. （2）v. 毁灭；使破产 The hurricane ruined all the houses here. 【拓展】 be in ruins 呈一片废墟 fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to ruin 毁灭，落空 ruin oneself 自我毁灭 bring sb. to ruin 使毁灭 5. shock vt．&vi．(使)震动，震惊；(使)受电击n．打击；震惊；震动[C]令人震惊的人或事 People were shocked.(回归课本P26) ①1 was shocked to see him alone．我很吃惊地发现他独自一人。 ②I felt the shock as the aircraft hit the ground．飞机着陆时我感觉到震了一下。 ③If you touch this live wire，you’11 get a shock．如果触摸这条带电的电线，你就会遭到电击。 归纳拓展 with/from shock由于震惊 shocked口办震惊的，震撼的 shocking adj．令人震惊的 a shocking accident令人吃惊的事故 be shocked at对……感到吃惊 be shocked to do深感意外地去做 特别提示 shocked/surprised/amazed等的主语多为人，而shocking/surprising/amazing等的主语多为物。这两种形式的形容词辨析常在高考题中出现。如： ①They were shocked by her rudeness．他们对她的无礼感到震惊。 ②What a shocking waste of time!时间的浪费多么惊人呀! 当表示具体的令人震惊的人或事的时候，shock是可数名词，这一点常和冠词一起考查。如： The news of his mother’s death was a terrible shock to him． 他母亲去世的噩耗使他非常震惊。 6 Trap vt．(trapped，trapped)使陷入困境；设陷阱捕 n．陷阱；困境；捕捉(动物的)夹子 ①The lift broke down and we were trapped inside(it)．电梯出了故障，我们被困在里面了。 ②The thieves were caught in a police trap．窃贼落人警方设的陷阱而被捕。 归纳拓展 (1)fall into a trap：be caught in a trap掉人陷阱；落人圈套 be trapped in… (2)trap sb into doing sth诱使某人做某事 By clever questioning they trapped him into making a confession．他们用巧妙的提问诱使他招认了。 7、Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. (1) n.援救，营救 The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river （2）v. 救援；拯救 He rescued a boy from drowning. 【拓展】 rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把•••从•••营救出来 come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人 a rescue team 救援队 a rescue mission 救援任务 rescue workers 救援人员 【随堂练习】用rescue的适当形式填空 （1）The mother, along with her two children, _________from the sinking boat by a passing ship. （2）The firemen ________ five children from the burning house yesterday. 8. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. (1) be trapped in 陷入困境 They were trappend in the burning building. (2) bury 埋葬，掩埋 be buried in / bury oneself in 埋头于，专心于 （3）the dead 死者，表示一类人。形容词前加the常用来表示一类人或一类东西。 eg: the rich 富人 the young 年轻人 the old 老年人 the deaf 聋人 the blind 盲人 the injured 受伤的人 the new 新的东西 the ordinar