大学英语四六级作文

大学英语四级作文 首句式作文 首尾句作文是根据段首（尾）句续写短文。段首句作文也称主题句作文，因为作文题中所给的段首句往往是段落主题句。其特点是以题目为中心，一般情况下将文章分为三个段落，每段首句即为该段的主题句（topic sentences）。考生要按主题句的要求组织材料，提出论据，用一些辅助句（supporting sentences）来支持或说明主题句，写英文段首句作文要注意：所写的内容要紧扣主题，辅助句应围绕段首句续写。保证段内每个句子的内容与段首句紧密展开各个段落，如：例证、因果、定义、比较对比、程序等。要注意句与句之间，特别是段首句与辅助句之间的自然衔接。另外，所给的段首句有时是一个完整的句子，有时不是一个完整的句子，只是句子的一部分，这就要求考生一定要审好题。找出其中表示中心思想的关键词，围绕这些关键词去扩展、描述或说明。 Directions: Write a composition about What Would Happen If There Were No power in three paragraphs, you are given the first sentence or part of the first sentence of each paragraph: 1Ever since early this century, electricity has become an essential part of our modern life. 2If there were no electric power,... 3Therefore,... ［范文］ What Would Happen If There Were No Power Ever since early this century, electricity has become an essential part of our modern life. It has played a decisive role in the modern world. Everybody admits that development of our civilization depends on electricity. If there were no electricity power, our modern world would be in trouble. For instance, all the wheel would stop because without the power the machine would cease working. And all the electrical equipment life would be impossible and in a great mass without electricity. Therefore, we should make better use of elective power. On the other hand, we should educate people to economize on electricity and not to waste energy resources. At the same time we must do our best to exploit more electric resources to meet the requirements of human beings. 第一段的段首句是讲电已经成为人们现代生活中必不可少的部分，因而接下来的续写部分应强调它的重要性。第二段的段首句提出如果没有电的假设，下面列出没有电将会出现的麻烦。最后一段指出我们应该节约用电，开拓更多的电力资源。 四级提纲式作文的写作要领及范文 提纲式作文的类型 　　提纲式作文有两种： 　　（1）给出英文题目、中文提纲 　　提纲式作文多以英文给出题目、以中文给出提纲，有时提纲中还有提示。如1996年6月的四级作文题： 　　Global Shortage of Fresh Water 　　1. 人们认为淡水是取之不尽的。（提示：雨水、河水、井水??） 　　2. 实际上淡水是非常紧缺的。（提示：人口增加、工业用水增加、污染??） 　　3. 我们应该怎么办？ 　　（2）给出英文题目和提纲 　　提纲式作文有时也以英文给出题目和提纲，如下面的作文题： 　　Electronic Dictionaries 　　1. Advantages of electronic dictionaries 　　2. Disadvantages of electronic dictionaries 　　3. My opinion 一、四级作文试题分析： 一)、题材：四级作文的题材可分为两大类：贴近大学生的学习和课余生活的校园题材；有关社会变化，发展和进步的热点话题。 二)、体裁：四级作文共有四种体裁：议论文，说明性议论文，叙事性议论文和应用文。其中，说明性议论文的比重最大。 三)、命题形式：a、提纲式命题作文；b、提纲式图表作文；2002.6 c、情景提纲式命题作文。2001.6\2002.1\ 2004.1\ 2004.6 \2005.6; d.首句式命题作文；e.应用文 二、四级作文的试题类型： 一）、现象解释型（比较常见）：命题主要要求考生对某一社会现象进行解释，并加以评论。结论为：首先说明现状，其次阐述这种现状产生或存在的原因。最后做出结论或提出建议：（2002.6）Student Use of Computers hours/week
1）、上图所示为1990、1995、2000年某高校大学生使用计算机的情况，清描述其变化。 2）、请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从用途，价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）. 3)、你认为目前大学生在使用计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。 范文： Students tend to use computers more and more nowadays. Reading this chart, we can find that the average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week has increased sharply. In 1990, it was less than 2 hours; and in 1995, it increased to almost 4 hours; while in 2000, the number soared to 20 hours.　　Obviously computers are becoming more and more popular. There are several reasons for this. First, computers facilitate us in more aspects of life. Also, the fast development of the Internet enlarges our demands for using computers. We can easily contact with friends in remote places through the Internet. Besides, the prices of computers are getting lower and lower, which enables more students to purchase them.　　Along with the time spent on computers, there arise some problems. The most serious one is that many students are spending so much time playing PC games so that they ignore their studies. It is urgent to let the students use computers in a proper way. 值得注意的是，现象解释型作文又多了一类叙事类文章，与以往的不同，命题要求对某一事件(即你所看到的现象)记叙再加以评论。（2003.6） 假设你在某日某时某地目击一起车祸，就此写一份见证书，须包括： 车祸发生的时间及地点； 你所见到的车祸情景； 你对车祸原因的分析。 范文： My name is Liming. I am studying at college. A week ago I saw a traffic accident , which is still vivid in my mind.　　It was at about 9:00 on Saturday morning, June 15th, when I went out of the university to visit a friend of mine at another university. I was walking leisurely on the sidewalk when I heard a loud crash of two vehicles just at the T-junction about 10 meters away. Two taxis crashed together. It was a traffic accident.I went up and found that the two taxis were badly damaged. Both hoofs were out of shape. One door of a car was knocked off and lying on the road. One driver was blooding and another was shut in the taxi. Some people were trying to help the driver get out of the damaged car. One man was calling to the traffic policeman station. A lot of cars were jammed on the road.　　From the stopping track on the road, it is clear that the two taxis were driving too fast. But it is just one of the reasons. In my opinion, the taxi drivers are eager to take more passengers and make a little more money. On the other hand, both drivers don't show concern for one another. Both of them wanted to run in front of another. Therefore, the accident is inevitable. So far, we should let the drivers keep it in their mind that a little slower, a little safer. Taking care of other's lives means taking care of your own life. 二）对比选择型（最为常见）。作文题目比较明确，富有针对性，即直接要求考生比较两种观点或两种做法，进而表明自己对该问题或事务的态度或观点，也就是做出选择。（1999.6）Read Selectively or Extensively 范文： 1)、有人认为读书要有选择； 2）、有人认为应当博览群书； 3)、我的看法。 Reading Selectively or Extensively？ 　　Some people think when we read we should read selectively. That is to say， we should select some books we are interested in and ignore the others. Reading selectively can help us concentrate our limited time and attention on those selected books. 　　Others think we should read extensively. No matter what kind of book it is， we should look it over. We should read various kinds of books， whether we are interested in them or not. They maintain that reading extensively can help to enlarge our view and grasp the general knowledge in different fields. 　　In my opinion， the two reading ways have their roles respectively in our reading. However， the disadvantages of each methods are easy to see. If we only read the books we select or prefer， the framework of our knowledge may not be complete. Our knowledge would be rather limited. And if we read without selection， we may not have so much time and energy to be specialized in one particular field. Therefore， the combination of the two methods is more reasonable. 三）问题解决型。比较问题要求考生从描述文字\图画入手，解释试题文字\图画反映出的问题，指出问题的危害性或解决这一问题的紧迫性，然后对问题展开分析，提出解决问题的方案或应对措施；最后一段要求考生表明自己对这一问题的态度`做法等。 （2001.1）How to succeed in a job Interview? 1)、面试在求职过程中的作用 2）、取得面试成功的素质，仪表，举止谈吐，能力，专业知识，自信，实事求是… 范文： Nowadays, in an ever tighter job market, great importance has been attached to an interview by both the employer and the applicant. The interview, so to speak, has become indispensable for getting a satisfactory job. On the one hand, the interviewer can take advantage of the occasion to learn about the candidates, such as their work experiences, education and their personalities, so as to pick out the right person for the company. On the other hand, the interviewee can make use of the opportunity to get to know the job he is going to take up, the salary, the working conditions and many other things about the job he is interested in.　　Therefore, the job interview is very important to a job-hunter. But how can one succeed in it? Firstly of all, the interviewee must pay attention to his or her appearance. The first impression is always where we start. Get dressed properly and neatly. Secondly, good manners are equally important. Don’t be too proud, and neither too timid. Just be courteous. Thirdly, the interviewee must demonstrate his aptitude and skills for the job and his knowledge about eh job-related areas. Be confident. Last but not the least, the interviewee ought to be honest about his or her personal as well as academic background, for honesty is the best policy.　　To sum up, the job interview is indeed important, but there is no need to be nervous. As long as the interviewee has the ability for the job, with careful preparation and a fairly confident and honest performance, his or her success can be ensured. 四）观点论证型。要求考生根据题目的论点，按提纲的结构要求对其进行论证，然后表明自己的立场和看法。通过摆事实，讲道理的方式剖析事物，论述事理，发表意见，确立或否定某一主张。议论文的表达方式以议论为主，叙事说明为辅。一般具备论点，论据，和论证三大要素。（1999.1） Don’t Hesitate to Say “No” 1)、别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们会说“不”。 2）、为什么有些人在该说“不”的时候不说“不”。 3)、该说“不”时不说“不”的坏处。 范文： In our daily life, there are many occasions on which we should not hesitate to refuse when asked for help. For one thing, when it is beyond our ability, we should give a direct reply “no”. For another, we the thing we are asked for is unreasonable or even illegal, we should say “no” without hesitation.　　However, it is not the case in our real life. Many people prefer to say “yes” when they should say “no”. Some are afraid to lose their face, since they think refusal means their inability. Some people are afraid to offend their acquaintances’ face, such as their friends, relatives and so on.　　In fact, doing so is quite harmful. If you agree to do the things beyond your ability, the result will only be worse. The other might as well have asked another person who can help. And if you agree to do the unreasonable or even the illegal favors, such as cheating in the exam, you are in fact not helping the other but hurting him. You yourself will get into trouble too. 五)应用文：书信，贺卡，导游词等。考生读到一个特定的情景，然后在理解的基础上，表达出来。 （2005.6）Teacher's Day 1、向老师表达节日祝贺 2、从一件小事来回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献 3、我如何回报老师的关爱 范文： This is Teachers’ Day and a time to be grateful to all teachers. This profession deserves the special recognition and respect. There is no more appropriate time than this to honour you and others in your chosen field. You have my eternal gratefulness. Have a happy Teachers’ Day. 　　The whole secret of the teacher’s force lies in the conviction that men are convertible. Teacher, who educate children, deserve more honor than parents, who merely gave them birth; for the latter provided more life, while the former ensure a good life. What sculpture is to a block of marble, education is to the soule. My heartfelt thanks to you, dear teacher. On the voyage of life, you have kindled the light of hope for me. What you have done enriches my mind and broadens my view. On this day I honour you sincerely.No one deserves a bigger thank you than you. One day is hardly enough to show our gratitude. （2005．1） A Campaign Speech　　1 你认为自己具备是什么条件(能力，性格，爱好)可以胜任学生会主席工作，　　2 如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么？ Today I am very glad to run for the president of the students‘union. I am junior in Chemical Department. Since I came into the university, I have always been the monitor of my class. I have done a very good job for my classmates, and my classmates and my tacher all give me a good praise. I am good at communication and organizing. And I like to help others. Moreover, I have a variety of hobbies, for example, basketball, football, ping pong, etc. I am sure that I am qualified for this position. If I become the president, I will try my best to do well. I will organize some suitable activities for you. I will do many things for you to reach your demands as well. I am sincerely hope you will give me a chance, and please believe me that I will be a good president. Thank you. 英文书信格式概述 1、信头（Heading） 指发信人的姓名（单位名称）、地址和日期，一般写在信纸的右上角。 英文地址的写法与中文完全不同，地址的名称按从小到大的顺序：第一行写门牌号码和街名；第二行写县、市、省、州、邮编、国名；然后再写日期。标点符号一般在每一行的末尾都不用，但在每一行的之间，该用的还要用，例如在写日期的时候。 日期的写法，如1997年7月30日，英文为：July 30，1997（最为普遍）； July 30th，1997；30th July，1997等。1997不可写成97。 2、信内地址（Inside Address） 在一般的社交信中，信内收信人的地址通常省略，但是在公务信函中不能。将收信人的姓名、地址等 写在信头日期下方的左角上，要求与对信头的要求一样，不必再写日期。 3、称呼（Salutation） 是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的地方，从该行的顶格写起，在称呼后面一般用逗号（英国式），也可以用冒号（美国式）。 （1）写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时，用Dear或My dear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名（这里指名字，不是姓氏）。例如：My dear father，Dear Tom等。 （2）写给公务上的信函用Dear Madam，Dear Sir或Gentleman（Gentlemen）。注意：Dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。Gentlemen总是以复数形式出现，前不加Dear，是Dear Sir的复数形式。 （3）写给收信人的信，也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如：Dear Prof. Tim Scales, Dear Dr. John Smith。 假如你不知道收信人的姓名，可用Dear Sir(s), Dear Madam, Dear Sir or Madam. 假如你知道收信人的姓名，但他并非你的好友，可用Dear Mr. Smith, Dear Ms. Smith, Dear Dr.Smith, Dear Prof.Smith. 4、正文（Body of the Letter） 位置在下面称呼语隔一行，是信的核心部分。因此要求正文层次分明、简单易懂。和中文信不同的是，正文中一般不用Hello！（你好！） 正文有缩进式和齐头式两种。每段书信第一行的第一个字母稍微向右缩进些，通常以五个字母为宜，每段第二行从左面顶格写起，这就是缩进式。 但美国人写信各段落往往不用缩进式，用齐头式，即每一行都从左面顶格写起。商务信件大都采用齐头式的写法。 5、结束语（Complimentary Close） 在正文下面的一、二行处，从信纸的中间偏右处开始，第一个词开头要大写，句末用逗号。不同的对象，结束语的写法也不同。 （1）写给家人、亲