商务英语复习题及答案

复习题（一） 一、请把划线部分译为汉语（60分）。 1. Throughout the Second World War, food was scarce. 2. The newly elected president pledged to improve the well-being of each individual. 3. We weigh up the pros and cons. 4. Last November inflation rose for the first time in years. 5. Investment, at around 20% of GDP, is still lower than it should be. 6. Having gone through a recession last year, the Italian economy now seems to be in a slightly better shape. 7. Balance of payments is very important for a nation’s international trade. 8. In ancient times, transporting commodities over any significant distance was an expensive and risky enterprise. 9. There are plenty of small industrial enterprises in this city. 10. Business between the Americas and the European countries took on a multilateral character. 11. The government decided to impose a protective tariff on foreign cars. 12. Trade barriers usually consist of tariff restrictions and non-tariff barriers. 13. You can rely on your lawyer in dealing with the house purchase. 14. These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes. 15. An announcement of further cuts in government expenditure is imminent. 16. Chinese companies should employ lawyers with the right know-how to defend their rights. 17. Qingdao holds an absolute advantage in developing its movie industry. 18. Commerce Minister told US businesspeople that the Chinese government isn’t pursuing a large trade surplus. 19. The move resulted in a drastic devaluation of the dollar. 20. The US International Trade Commission on Thursday approved anti-dumping duties ranging from 74 to 101 percent on steel pipe from China. 21. The United States has reduced import quotas for China’s textiles. 22. Profit is the principal objective of firms. 23. This is the very book I want. 24. He is always friendly to his subordinates. 25. Is the principle of equality of opportunity for all true? 26. The company reported a profit of $13.5 million for the third quarter. 27. Some consumers only choose to buy goods at a discount. 28. The government will do everything in its power to stimulate economic growth. 29. Sales promotion plays a key role in getting your products to customers. 30. The government adopted a strategy of massive deflation. 二、简答题（20分）。 1、Why do we study Economics？ 2、What are the 4ps in marketing？ 3、What is management? 4、What are the differences between imports and exports? 5、What are import quotas? 三、名词解释（共20分） 1、Economics 2、International Trade 3、Marketing 4、Trade barriers 复习题（一）答案 一、请把划线部分译为汉语（60分）。 1.稀缺的；匮乏的 2.福利 3.利弊 4.通货膨胀 5.国内生产总值 6.衰退 7.国际收支平衡 8.商品 9.企业 10.多边的 11.关税 12.贸易壁垒 13.购买 14.个人的 15.开支 16.专门知识 17.绝对优势 18.贸易顺差 19.贬值 20.倾销 21.配额 22.目标 23.正是 24.下属 25.原则 26.利润，收益 27.打折 28.刺激 29.促销 30.策略 二、简答题（20分）。 1. There are two reasons why we have to learn economics. First, economic reasoning helps one to develop a clear, logical way of thinking. Second, economics helps us to understand the economic system in which we live. 有助于培养逻辑清晰、有逻辑的思维方式，这样的思维方式对任何职业都是宝贵的；有助于我们了解我们所在的经济体系，以便能够理解失业等经济事件发生的原因，理解国家和世界经济形势怎么样影响个人、企业和政府的经济决策；帮助我们规划职业生涯，帮助我们决定何时何地找工作，帮助我们做出消费、储蓄、投资决策，帮助我们理解身边发生的事情。 2. Product:产品策略、Price:价格策略、Place:渠道策略、Promotion:促销策略 3. Management is the process of getting things done through people. 4. Exports send goods out of a country while imports bring goods into a country. Also, they have different impact on the domestic economy and foreign currency reserve. 5. Import quotas are a form of protectionism. An import quota fixes the quantity of a particular good that foreign producers may bring into a country over a specific period, usually a year. 三、名词解释（20分）。 1. Economics is the study of the way in which society uses its scarce resources to satisfy its many different wants. 经济学是现代的一个独立学科，研究的是一个社会如何利用稀缺的资源生产有价值的物品和劳务，并将它们在不同的人中间进行分配。经济学主要进行三点考虑：·资源的稀缺性是经济学分析的前提；·选择行为是经济学分析的对象；·资源的有效配置是经济学分析的中心目标。其首要任务是利用有限的地球资源尽可能持续地开发成人类所需求的商品及其合理分配，即，生产力与生产关系两个方面。 2. International trade is the worldwide exchange of goods and services across national boundary generally using some form of currency as payment. 3. Process associated with promotion the sale of goods or services. The classic components of marketing are the Four Ps: product, price, place, and promotion – the selection and development of the product, determination of price, selection and design of distribution channels (place), and all aspects of generating or enhancing demand for the product, including advertising (promotion). 4. Any form of governmental or operational activity or restriction that renders importation of some goods into a country difficult or impossible. Tariffs are an example. 复习题（二） 一、请把划线部分译为汉语（60分）。 1. It seems that there’s no alternative. 2. The study of many economic problems has also benefited from the rigorous application of mathematical and statistical techniques. 3. Economic reasoning helps one to develop a clear, logical way of thinking that is invaluable in practically any career. 4. At the moment, the government is busy surveying the situation of national economy. 5. The government tried to salvage big banks from bankruptcy. 6. GNP and GDP are two important indicators of economic performance. 7. There will be ample opportunity to explore foreign markets in this global world. 8. Smaller enterprises can become shareholding co-operatives. 9. The president proclaimed that a new currency would be issued. 10. This is highly efficient new heating system. 11. Balance of payments summarizes all the international financial transactions. 12. He raised his prices to offset the increased cost of materials. 13. The interdependence between nations now has become more and more obvious. 14. Capital-intensive goods were the comparative advantage of US manufactures. 15. In 2008, the US trade deficit with China touched $266 billion, marking a record high. 16. Multinational corporations are booming in the whole world. 17. When looking at problems, try to avoid being subjective. 18. Important decisions were made high up in the management hierarchy. 19. They reached the finish line simultaneously. 20. The teacher has assigned each of us a holiday work. 21. The unloading of the lorry must be supervised. 22. The letter was delayed in transmission. 23. Our