2023年初中英语介词用法大全及练习（含答案）.doc

2023年初中英语介词用法大全及练习 学习介词的最好方法是要弄清楚介词与介词之间位置上的关系，请参考下图： I．分类： 1．常用简单介词：about, across, against, among, after, at, behind, besides, beyond, by, concerning, beneath, between, despite, except, during, down, for, from, past, than, under, until 等。 2．合成介词：inside, outside, onto, out of, within 等。 3．短语介词：according to, ahead of, along with, as for, because of, be means of, due to, in spite of, on behalf of, owing to, with regard to 等。 II．介词与“……的”之关系： 在英语学习中，一遇到“……的”，大家就会立刻想到’s 所有格或者of。实际上，在很多情况下，“……的”必须借助于介词才能准确表达。 以下请同学们重复记忆：● 美国的冬天→ the winter in America● 停车场的入口→ the entrance to the parking lot● 穿过森林的小路→ the path through the forest● 鲁迅的著作→ the works by Lu Xun● 水中的月亮→ the moon reflected in water● 历史的见证→ the witness to history● 对爱的渴望→ a longing for love● 对我们不利的证据→ the evidence against us● 阳光下的漫步→ a walk in the sunlight● 追求名誉的女人→ a lady after fame● 两人之间的争论→ an argument between the two persons 重要介词的重要用法： （1）from：此介词表示“to”相反的方向。He came from London.He went to London. 二词常搭配使用“from... to...”We studied English from morning to afternoon.He'll start from Beijing to Shanghai. 经典用法：● 由于→ The girl is trembling from fear.● 免除→ Tramps are always free from care. 流浪汉们总是无忧无虑。● 分开→ The couple parted from each other at the airport.● 由……制成→ The red wine is made from grapes. 红葡萄酒是由葡萄制成的。 由from引导的惯用法：from far 从远处from now / then on 从现在/那时起from bad to worse 每况愈下from time to time（occasionally 时而） 习语：She comes to visit me from time to time. （2）out of：表示与"into"相反的语意。He will be out of town.I stepped out of the dark room. out of+ 名词 (= lack, to be without 用完，用光）He went to the shop because he was out of paper. out of date (= old-fashioned 过时的）The book has been out of date. out of work (= jobless 失业的)He needs money because be is out of work. out of the question (= impossible 不可能的)Finishing the hard work is out of the question. out of question (= doubtless 毫无疑问的）That he can do it well is out of question. out of order（= not functioning 失灵的）Her radio is out of order, so she can't listen to it. （3）by：表示从旁经过或在……附近。He passed by me without saying hello.He lives by the sea. 经典用法： 通过→This is the nearest road by which they came. 在……时候→The young man works by day and steals money by night. 由……所生→He has two sons by her second wife. 抓住→She caught her child by his coat in the flood. 按……计算→The farmers sell their apples by the pound. 就（气质，特征）而言→He is an artist by  HYPERLINK "http://dict.hjenglish.com/w/temperament" \t "https://www.hjenglish.com/new/p194893/_blank" temperament（气质）. 用于被动语意，导出动作执行者：The glass was broken by the boy. by + 具体时间：They usually have dinner by 8 o'clock. by + 交通工具 (bus, train, plan...)：He travelled to Paris by air/plane. by the end of + 时间名词：到……末为止By the end of last year, they had learnt 100 texts.By the end of this term, they will have learnt 100 texts. by then：到那时He will graduate in 1999, by then he will leave Beijing. by way of (= via)：经由，取道They are going to the United States by way of Hong Kong. by the way：顺便问By the way, do you know where Mr. Li has gone? by far：……得多（用于修饰比较级和最高级）The book is by far the best on the subject. by accident：不小心，与on purpose（故意地）语意相反The wrong information was put into the computer by accident. （4）in：在……内部，与"out" 语意相反。All the students are in the classroom. in + month / year: 在某月/年in January, in 2000 in time：及时They arrived at the station in time. in the way 挡住去路He couldn't drive his car away because a big stone was in the way. once in a while 时而Once in a while, he went to the Museum. in no time at all 立刻，迅速He finished his homework in no time at all. in the  HYPERLINK "http://dict.hjenglish.com/w/meantime" \t "https://www.hjenglish.com/new/p194893/page2/_blank" meantime 同时He was having supper, and in the meantime he watched TV. in a row 坐在某一排上We  HYPERLINK "http://liuxue.hujiang.com/sat/" \o "更多sat内容" \t "https://www.hjenglish.com/new/p194893/page2/_blank" sat in the 20th row of the cinema. in the event that 如果In the event that you pass the exam, I'll telephone you. in case 万一，如果Bring you raincoat in case it rains. in the street 在街上in the past 在过去in the future 在未来in the beginning 开始，起初in the end 最后，终于get in touch with 与……取得联系keep in touch with 与……保持联系 （5）on：位于某物体表面上。The dishes are on the round table. on a day / date 在某天及某天的上，下午，晚上on Wednesday, on February 9th , 1999on Friday afternoon, on a dark night. on a / the + (bus, plane, ship, train, bike)He went to school on a bus. on a ... street 在某条街道Mrs. Smith lives on 5th 'Avenue. on the corner (of two streets) 在两条街道相交的一角That shoe store is on the corner of 2nd Street and 5th Avenue. on the television / the radio 在电视/ 收音机里The manager will make a speech onthe TV. on the telephone 打电话You are wanted on the phone. 有您的电话 on sale 出售The books are on salefor $7 each. on the floor of a building 位于某层楼on time 准时（比in time 具体）on the  HYPERLINK "http://dict.hjenglish.com/w/sidewalk" \t "https://www.hjenglish.com/new/p194893/page2/_blank" sidewalk 在人行道上on the way 在途中on the right/left 在右侧/左侧on the whole 总的来说，总体上on the one hand, or the other hand 一方面，另一方面on foot 步行 （6）at：此介词通常用来指某一特定时间和地点。 at + 地点Mr. Smith lives at 15, 16th Avenue.注：在某条街道On... street，而在某街某号应用at。 at + 特定时间At 7:00 in the morning, he goes towork. at home/school/work 在家上学上班at night 在晚上at best 充其量at times 有时at peace 和平