小学英语知识点

一学生易错词汇1aan的选择元音字母开头的单词用an辅音字母开头的单词用a2amisare的选择单数用is复数用areI用amyou用are3havehas的选择表示某人有某物单数用has复数用haveIyou用have4thereisthereare的选择表示某地有某物某人单数用thereis复数用thereare5someany的选择肯定句用some疑问句和否定句用any6疑问词的选择what什么who谁where哪里whose谁的why为什么when什么时候which哪一个howold多大howmany多少howmuch多少钱二形容词比较级详解当我们需要对事物作出比较时需要用到比较级比较级的句子结构通常是什么动词beamisare形容词比较级than比什么如Imtallerandheavierthanyou我比你更高和更重Anelephantisbiggerthanatiger一只大象比一只老虎更大形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的它的变化规则是一般的直接在词尾加er如talltallerstrongstronger以e结尾的直接加r如finefiner以辅音字母加y结尾的先改y为i再加er如funnyfunnier双写最后的字母再加er如bigbiggerthinthinnerhothotter注意比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西典型错误Myhairislongerthanyou我的头发比你更长比较的两者是我的头发你整个人那么比较的对象就没有可比性应该改为Myhairislongerthanyours或Myhairislongerthanyourhair比较级专项练习一从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子heavytalllongbig1HowistheYellowRiver2HowisMrGreenHes175cm3HowareyourfeetIwearsize184HowisthefishIts2kg二根据句意写出所缺的单词1Im12yearsoldYoure14Imthanyou2Arabbitstailisthanamonkeystail3Anelephantisthanapig4Alakeisthanasea5Abasketballisthanafootball三根据中文完成句子1我比我的弟弟大三岁Imthanmybrother2这棵树要比那棵树高Thistreethanthatone3你比他矮四厘米Youarethanhe4谁比你重thanyou三动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有A规则动词454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545一般直接在动词的后面加ed如workedlearnedcleanedvisited以e结尾的动词直接加d如liveddancedused以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed此类动词较少如studystudiedcarrycarriedworryworried注意playstay不是辅音字母加y所以不属于此类双写最后一个字母此类动词较少如stopped45454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545B不规则动词此类词并无规则须熟记小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式singsangeatateseesawhavehaddodidgowenttaketookbuyboughtgetgotreadreadflyflewamiswasareweresaysaidleaveleftswimswamtelltolddrawdrewcomecameloselostfindfounddrinkdrankhurthurtfeelfelt四动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则一般的直接在后面加上ing如doinggoingworkingsingingeating以e结尾的动词要先去e再加ing如havingwriting双写最后一个字母的此类动词极少有runningswimmingsittinggetting五人称和数人称代词物主代词主格宾格第一人称单数I我memy我的复数we我们usour我们的第二人称单数you你youyour你的复数you你们youyour你们的第三人称单数he他himhis他的she她herher她的it它itits它的复数they他们她们它们themtheir他们的她们的它们的六句型专项归类肯定句是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子如ImastudentSheisadoctorHeworksinahospitalTherearefourfansinourclassroomHewilleatlunchat1200IwatchedTVyesterdayevening4545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545452否定句含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子如ImnotastudentSheisnotisntadoctorHedoesnotdoesntworkinahospitalTherearenotarentfourfansinourclassroomHewillnotwonteatlunchat1200IdidnotdidntwatchTVyesterdayevening注意小结否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词not有动词be的句子则not加在be后面可缩写成isntarent但amnot一般都分开写没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词dodoesdid然后在它后面加上not你也可以把它们缩写在一起如dontdoesntdidnt这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择其中does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况而did只用于一般过去时不论主语是什么人称和数都用did4545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545453一般疑问句是指询问事实的句子此类句子必须用yes或no来回答如AreyouastudentYesIamNoImnotIssheadoctorYessheisNosheisntDoesheworkinahospitalYeshedoesNohedoesntAretherefourfansinourclassroomYesthereareNotherearentAreyougoingtobuyacomicbooktonightYesIamNoIamnotYesweareNowearentWillheeatlunchat1200YesIwillNoIwillnotwontAretheyswimmingYestheyareNotheyarentDidyouwatchTVyesterdayeveningYesIdidNoIdidnt注意小结一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上把动词be调到首位其他照写末尾标点符号变成问号即可没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词dodoesdid再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形末尾标点符号变成问号即可这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择其中does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况而did只用于一般过去时不论主语是什么人称和数都用did一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致即问句里的第一个单词助动词和简略答句里的这个词是一致的45454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454545454特殊疑问句以特殊疑问词whatwherewhowhichwhenwhosewhyhow等开头引导的句子此类句子应该问什么就答什么不能用yesno来回答如WhatisthisItsacomputerWhatdoeshedoHesadoctorWhereareyougoingImgoingtoBeijingWhoplayedfootballwithyouyesterdayafternoonMikeWhichseasondoyoulikebestSummerWhendoyouusuallygetupIusuallygetupat630WhoseskirtisthisItsAmysWhydoyoulikespringbestBecauseIcanplanttreesHowareyouImfineImhappyHowdidyougotoXinjiangIwenttoXinjiangbytrain其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问如howmany多少数量howmuch多少钱howtall多高howlong多长howbig多大howheavy多重例句HowmanypencilsdoyouhaveIhavethreepencilsHowmanygirlscanyouseeIcanseefourgirlsHowmanydesksarethereinyourclassroomThereare51小结howmany用来提问可数名词的数量主要有以上三种句式搭配Howmany名词复数doyouhave你有多少Howmany名词复数canyousee你能看见多少Howmany名词复数arethere有多少七完全缩略形式ImIamhesheisshessheistheyretheyareyoureyouaretheresthereistheyretheyarecantcannotdontdonotdoesntdoesnotisntisnotarentarenotletsletuswontwillnotIllIwillwasntwasnot总结通常情况下m即ams即is但letsletusre即arent即not但cantcannotPEP小学英语不完全列表学习用品schoolthingspen钢笔pencil铅笔pencilcase铅笔盒ruler尺子book书bag包comicbook漫画书postcard明信片newspaper报纸schoolbag书包eraser橡皮crayon蜡笔sharpener卷笔刀storybook故事书notebook笔记本Chinesebook语文书Englishbook英语书mathbook数学书magazine杂志dictionary词典人体bodyfoot脚head头face脸hair头发nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm手臂hand手finger手指leg腿tail尾巴颜色coloursred红blue蓝yellow黄green绿white白black黑pink粉红purple紫orange橙brown棕动物animalscat猫dog狗pig猪duck鸭rabbit兔horse马elephant大象ant蚂蚁fish鱼bird鸟eagle鹰beaver海狸sn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