2017.6四级阅读两篇答案详解

Passage One Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. Shoppers in the UK are spending less money on toilet paper to save money, research has shown. Penny pinching UK consumers choose cheaper products from discounters such as Aldi and Lidi rather than luxury alternatives. This has wiped 6% off the value of the soft tissue paper market in the UK. It has shrunk from £1.19 billion in 2011 to £1. 12billion in 2015, according to a new report from market research company Mintel. Furthermore, the future of the market looks far from rosy, with sales expected to fall future of the market looks far from rosy, with sales expected to fall further to £1.11billion in 2016. In the last year alone, despite an increase in the UK population and a subsequent rise in the number of households, sales of toilet paper fell by 2%, with the average household reducing their toilet roll spending from £43 in 2014 to £41 in 2015. Overall, almost three in five people say they try to limit their usage of paper-including facial tissue and kitchen roll –to save money. "Strength, softness and thickness remain the leading indicators ODM toilet paper quality, with just a small proportion of consumers preferring more luxurious alternatives, such as those with flower patterns or perfume," said Mintel analyst Jack Duckett. "These extra features are deemed unnecessary by the majority of shoppers, which probably reflects how these types of products are typically more expensive than regular toilet paper, even when on special offer." While consunmers are spending less on toilet paper, they remain fussy-in theory at least-when it comes to paper quality. Top of Britons' toilet paper wish list is softness(57%)followed by strength(45%)and thickness(36%). One in 10 buyers rank toilet rolls made from recycled paper among their top considerations, highlighting how overall the environment is much less of a consideration for shoppers than product quality. In a challenge for manufactures, 81% of paper product users said they would consider buying recycled toilet tissue if it were comparable in quality to standard paper. 研究表明，英国的购物者在卫生纸上花费较少，以节省资金。 便士捏英国消费者选择更便宜的产品，如阿尔迪和利迪折扣，而不是豪华的替代品。 这已经使英国软纸市场的价格下降了6％。它从2011年的11.9亿英镑缩水到1英镑。市场研究公司Mintel的一份新报告显示，2015年将达到12亿美元。另外，市场的未来看起来并不乐观，预计未来销售额预计将下滑，预计2016年的销售额将进一步下滑至11.1亿英镑。 仅在去年一年，尽管英国人口有所增加，而且家庭数量也随之上升，卫生纸的销售量下降了2％，平均家庭的卫生纸消费从2014年的43英镑降至41英镑2015年。 总的来说，几乎三分之三的人说，他们试图限制使用纸张，包括面巾纸和厨房卷纸，以节省资金。 Mintel分析师Jack Duckett表示：“强度，柔软度和厚度仍然是ODM卫生纸质量的主要指标，只有一小部分消费者更喜欢更奢华的替代品，例如那些花型或香水。 “这些额外的功能被大多数购物者认为是不必要的，这可能反映了这些类型的产品通常比普通卫生纸更昂贵，即使是特价优惠。 虽然cons客在卫生纸上花费较少，但在纸张质量方面，他们至少在理论上仍然很fu fu。英国卫生纸的愿望清单是软性（57％），其次是强度（45％）和厚度（36％）。 十分之一的买家将他们的回收纸制成的卫生纸卷列为最重要的考虑因素，突出显示了整体环境对购物者的重要性远远低于产品质量。面对制成品的挑战，81％的纸制品用户表示，如果与标准纸相比，他们会考虑购买回收的卫生纸。 46.【题干】The market sales of toilet paper have decreased because_____. 【选项】 A.Britons have cut their spending on it B.its prices have gone up over the year C.its quality has seen marked improvement D.Britons have developed the habit of saving 【答案解析】根据题干关键词market sales和toilet paper可以定位到首段Shoppers in the UK are spending less money on toilet paper to save money“英国的购物者减少卫生纸开支以省钱”和第三段首句This has wiped 6% off the value of the soft tissue paper market “这使得软棉纸市场的价值下降了6%”。has wiped off正好对应题干have increased。This指代的是第二段的内容Penny-pinching UK consumers choose cheaper products from discounters“吝啬的英国消费者从折扣商店选择更为便宜的商品”。综上所述，选A“卫生纸市场销售额下降是因为英国人缩减这方面的开支”。 【答案】A 47.【题干】What does the author think of the future of the tissue paper market in the UK? 【选项】 A.It will expand in time. B.It will remain gloomy. C.It will experience ups and downs. D.It will recover as population grows. 【答案】B 【答案解析】根据题干关键词tissue paper可以定位到第三段首句This has wiped 6% off the value of the soft tissue paper market in the UK.根据第三句the future of the market looks far from rosy“市场的未来看起来远远不够乐观”。因此，本题选B“作者认为绵纸市场的未来仍然是惨淡的”。 48.【题干】What does Jack Duckett say about toilet paper? 【选项】 A.Special offers would promote its sales. B.Consumers are loyal to certain brands. C.Luxurious features add much to the price. D.Consumers have a variety to choose from. 【答案】C 【答案解析】根据题干关键词Jack Duckett可以定位到第五段的引用部分。A“特价可以促进销售额”，原文引用处最后部分提到了special offer。which指代的是these extra features，也就是those with flower patterns or perfume。“这些额外的特点反映了这些商品通常比普通的卫生纸要贵，即使是在特价销售的时候。”所以A是利用原文细节信息设置的干扰选项，可以排除。B“消费者忠于某些品牌”和D“消费者有多样化的选择”，引用处均未提及，直接排除。C“奢侈品的特点大幅度提升了价位”，正好对应原文引用处which引导的非限定性定语从句的内容。 49.【题干】What do we learn about Britons concerning toilet paper? 【选项】 A.They are particular about the quality of toilet paper. B.They emphasize the strength of toilet paper the most. C.They prefer cheap toilet paper to recycled toilet paper. D.They reject using toilet paper with unnecessary features. 【答案】A 【答案解析】根据题干关键词Britons和toilet paper可以定位到第六段。根据原文they remain fussy... when it comes to paper quality可知，A选项正好是同义替换。如果不认识fussy“爱挑剔的”和be particular about“对...挑剔”，可以用排除法。依据自然段界定原则，48题定位到第五段，50题定位到最后一段，所以本题定位到第六段。CD均不在定位范围，可以直接排除。B“他们最强调的是卫生纸的强度”，由原文可知，最关注的应该是softness，所以B选项排除。采取这种方法也可以选出A。 50.【题干】What can we infer from the last paragraph? 【选项】 A.More and more Britons buy recycled toilet paper to protect the environment. B.Toilet paper manufacturers are facing a great challenge in promoting its sales. C.Toilet paper manufacturers compete with one another to improve. D.Environmental protection is not much of a concern when Britons buy toilet paper. 【答案】D 【答案解析】根据题干the last paragraph可知答案要在最后一段寻找。由原文“1/10的购买者把利用可循环纸制造的卫生卷纸列为首选，这突出表明，相比环境，购买者更加关注商品质量的现象是多么普遍。”因此，我们可以选出D“英国人购买卫生纸的时候，环境保护不是人们十分关心的。” Passage Two Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. "One of the reason I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger," say Lindson-Hawly, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford. By studying about 700 adult smoker, she found out that her mom quit the right way-by stopping abruptly and completely. In her study, participants were randomly(随机地)assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from a