呼吸机相关词汇

附录一常用机械通气模式或方法中英文对照与缩写AAVadaptiveassistedventilation适应性辅助通气ASVadaptivesupportventilationg适应性支持通气AMVassistedmandatoryventilationg辅助指令通气APRVairwaypressurereleaseventilation气道压力释放通气AutoPEEP自发自动性呼气末正压Autoflow自动流量BIPAPbiphasicpositiveairwaypressure双相气道正压通气BiPAPbilevelpositiveairwaypressure双水平气道正压通气CPPBcontinuouspositivepressurebreathing持续正压呼吸CPPBCPPVcontinuouspositivepressureventilation持续正压通气CPAPcontinuouspositiveairwaypressure持续正压气道持续气道正压ACassistedcontrolventilation辅助控制通气CAcontrolassistedventilaion控制辅助通气CMVcontrolmechanicalventilation机械控制通气CMVcontinuousmandatoryventilation持续指令通气ECMOextracorporealmembraneoxygenator肺或体外循环膜式氧合器EIPPVendinspiratorypositivepressureventilation吸气末正压通气Expiratoryretard呼气延长或延迟Endexpiratoryhold呼气末屏气HFVhighfrequencyventilation高频通气HFPPVhighfrequencypositivepressureventilation高频正压通气HFJVhighfrequencyjetventilation高频喷射通气HFOVhighfrequencyoscillationventilation高频振荡通气IAVintermittentassistedventilation间歇辅助通气Inspiratoryhold吸气屏气IMVintermittentmandatoryventilation间歇指令通气IPPVintermittentpositivepressureventilation间歇正压通气IPPVinvasivepositivepressureventilation有创机械通气IPNPVintermittentpositivenegativepressureventilation间歇正负压通气IRVinversedratioventilation反比通气MVmanualventilation手控通气MMVmandatoryminuteventilation指令分钟通气NEEPVnegativeendexpiratorypressure呼气末负压通气NIPPVnoninvasivepositivepressureventilation无创正压通气PAVproportionalassistedventilation成比例辅助通气PPSproportionalpressuresupport比例压力支持PCVpressurecontrolventilation压力控制通气PEEPpositiveendexpiratorypressure呼气末正压通气PEEPiintrinsicpositiveendexpiratorypressure内源性呼气末正压通气PLVpartialliquidventilation部分液体通气Proneventilation俯卧位通气PSVpressuresupportventilation压力支持通气SIMVsynchronizedintermittentmandatoryventilation同步间歇指令通气Sigh叹息VCVvolumecontrolventilation容量控制通气VSVvolumesupportventilation容量支持通气PRVCpressureregulatedvolumecontrol压力调节的容量控制VAPSvolumeassuredpressuresupport容量保证压力支持附录二呼吸机版面常用术语中英文对照与缩写Power电源Mode通气模式Assist辅助Control控制AC辅助控制SIMVIMV同步间歇指令通气间歇指令通气IPPV间歇正压通气CPAP持续正压气道通气PCV压力控制PSV压力支持VCV容量控制VSV容量支持Sigh叹息SIMVPSV同步间歇指令通气压力支持SIMVSigh同步间歇指令通气叹息MMV指令每分钟通气InspiratoryHold吸气屏气MVmanualventilation手控通气通气参数TVVT潮气量MV分钟通气量RespiratoryRatefrequency呼吸频率PeakFlow峰流量IEIE吸呼PSV压力支持PEEPCPAP呼气末正压通气持续气道正压Sensitivity触发灵敏度Oxygen氧浓度监测指标Highairwaypressure高气道压Lowairwaypressure低气道压Highminutevolume高分钟通气量Lowminutevolume低分钟通气量Apnea呼吸暂停Patienteffort病人触发TV潮气量MV分钟通气量Machineinoper机器故障Powerinoper电源故障Lowgaspressure气源压力过低附录三呼吸生理专业词汇中英文对照与缩写一基本略号Aalveolargas肺泡气Bbarometric大气压的Ccontentofgasinblood血中气体含量compliance顺应性Ddeadspacevolume无效腔量diffusioncapacity弥散量Eexpiredgas呼出气Elastic弹性的肺泡弹性回缩力Ffractionalconcentrationofgas气体浓度Gconductance传导Iinspiredgas吸入气Inspiration吸气Llung肺Mminute分钟Maximal最大的Ppressure压力partialpressure分压averagepressure平均压Qvolumeofblood血容积血流量bloodflowinlitersperminute单位时间分钟的血流量Rresistance阻力Ratio比率例Ssaturation饱和度Ttidalvolume潮气量Time时间Vgasvolume气体容量Vventilationinliterspermimute分钟通气量flowrate流速mixedvenousblood混合静脉血Wworkofbreathing呼吸功aarterialblood动脉血awairway气道ccapillaryblood毛细血管血ffrequency呼吸频率sshut分流vvenous静脉的二肺容积和肺容量lungvolumeandcapacityCCclosingcapacity闭合容积CVclosingvolume闭合容量ERVexpiratoryreservevolume补呼气量FRCfunctionalresidualcapacity功能残气量ICinspiratorycapacity深吸气量IRVinspiratoryreservevolume补吸气量RVresidualvolume残气量TLCtotallungcapacity肺总量Vdanvolumeofanatomicaldeadspace解剖无效腔量Vdalvvolumeofalveolardeadspace肺泡无效腔量VDvolumeofdeadspace无效腔量VTtidalvolume潮气量VDVTratioofdeadspacetotidalvolume无效腔潮气量三通气ventilationFEFVforcedexpiratoryflowvolume用力呼气流量FVCforcedvitalcapacity用力肺活量FEV1forcedexpiratoryvolumeinthefirstsecond第一秒用力呼气流量FEV1FVCforcedexpiratoryvolumeinthefirstsecondforcedvitalcapacity第一秒用力呼气流量用力肺活量FIVforcedinspiratoryvolume用力吸气量MBCmaximalbreathingcapacity通气最大呼吸量MVVmaximalminuteventilation最大分钟通气量MEFVmaximalexpiratoryflowvolume最大呼气流速容量MIFVmaximalinspiratoryflowvolume最大吸气流速容量MMEFmaximalmidexpiratoryflow最大中段呼气流速MVVmaximalvoluntaryventilation最大自主通气量PEFpeakexpiratoryflow最大呼气流速PFpeakflow峰流量TVCtimevitalvolume时间肺活量Aminutevolumeofalveloarventilation分钟肺泡通气量MVminuteventilation分钟通气量ISOVolumeofisoflow等流速容量max50amp50maximalexpiratoryflowin50vitalcapacity50肺活量时最大呼气流速max25amp25maximalexpiratoryflowin25vitalcapacity25肺活量时最大呼气流速maxmaximalexpiratoryflow最大呼气流速Vflowvolume流速容量四通气与血流ventilationandperfusionCaO2arterialoxygencontent动脉血氧含量CvO2oxygencontentinvenousblood静脉血氧含量CO2oxygencontentinmixedvenousblood混合静脉血氧含量CavO2arterialvenousoxygencontentdifference动静脉血氧含量差CaO2arterialmixedvenousoxygencontentdifference动混合静脉血氧含量差PAO2partialpressureofoxygeninalveolargas肺泡气氧分压PAaO2partialpressureofoxygendifferenceofalveolararterial肺泡动脉氧分压差DAaO2differenceofpartialpressureofoxygenofalveolararterialoxygen肺泡动脉氧分压差PO2oxygenpartialpressureofmixvenous混合静脉血氧分压stratioofshuntedbloodtototalperfusion静动脉分流总流量sphyphysiologicalpulmonaryshunt生理性肺内分流sananatomicalpulmonaryshunt解剖性肺内分流SO2mixedvenousoxygensaturation混合静脉血氧饱和度Aventilationperfusion通气血流五弥散diffusionDLdiffusionoflung肺的弥散DLCOdiffusioncapacityforcarbonmonoxideofthelung肺CO弥散量DLO2diffusioncapacityforoxygenofthelung肺的氧弥散量六呼吸力学mechanicsofbreathingCcwchestwallcompliance胸壁顺应性CECeffeffectivecompliance有效顺应性Cfdlungcompliance频率依赖的顺应性CLlungcompliance肺顺应性CLdyndynamiclungcompliance动态肺顺应性CLststaticlungcompliance静态肺顺应性CVLspecificcompliance单位肺容量的肺顺应性ELelastanceoflung肺弹性回缩EPPequalpressurepoint等压点Gawairwayconductance气道传导率Gspspecificairwayconductance比气道传导率Plellungelasticrecoilpressure肺弹性回缩压PEFRpeakexpiratoryflowrate最大呼气流速PEFpeakexpiratoryflow最大呼气流量PIFpeakinspiratoryflow最大吸气流量PIPpeakinspiratorypressure最大吸气压力Rawairwayresistance气道阻力Rdsdownstreamresistance下游气道阻力Rusupstreamresistance上游气道阻力RLtotalairwayresistance总气道阻力Rrsrespiratoryresistance呼吸阻力RQrespiratoryquotient呼吸商Zrsrespiratoryimpedance总呼吸阻抗Wworkofbreathing呼吸功附录四血气分析常用符号中英文对照与缩写ABactualbicarbonate实际碳酸氢盐ABCactualbicarbonateradical实际碳酸氢根ABEactualbaseexcess实际碱剩余BBbufferbase缓冲碱BFbaseexcess剩余碱CaO2oxygencontentinarterialblood动脉血氧含量CvO2oxygencontentinvenousblood静脉血氧含量CCO2contentofcarbondioxide二氧化碳含量CO2oxygencontentinmixedvenousblood混合静脉血含量FiO2fractionalconcentrationofoxygenininspiredgas吸入气氧浓度PaO2FiO2呼吸指数动脉氧分压吸入气氧浓度PIO2partialpressureofoxygenininspiredgas吸入气氧分压PAO2partialpressureofoxygeninalveolargas肺泡氧分压PEO2partialpressureofoxygeninexpiredgas呼出气氧分压FECO2fractionalconcentrationofcarbondioxideinexpiredgas呼出气CO2浓度PECO2Partialpressureofcarbondioxideinexpiredgas呼出气CO2分压PO2oxygenpartialpressureofmixedvenousblood混合静脉血氧分压SCVO2centralvenousO2saturation中心静脉血氧饱和度SO2mixedvenousoxygensaturation混合静脉血氧饱和度TCO2totalcarbondioxidecontent二氧化碳总含量Hhydrogenionconcentration氢离子浓度pHhydrogenexponent酸碱度P50partialpressureofoxygenin50saturationofhemoglobin血氧饱和度为50的氧分压PaO2partialpressureofoxygeninartery动脉血氧分压PaCO2partialpressureofcarbondioxideinartery动脉二氧化碳分压PcO2partialpressureofoxygenincapillary毛细血管氧分压PvO2partialpressureofoxygeninvenous静脉氧分压PO2partialpressureofoxygeninmixedvenous混合静脉血氧分压SaO2arterialoxygensaturation动脉血氧饱和度SATsaturationofarterialoxygen动脉血氧饱和度SBstandardbicarbonate标准碳酸氢盐SBCstandardbicarbonateradical标准碳酸氢根SBEstandardbaseexcess标准剩余碱SvO2venousoxygensaturation静脉血氧饱和度SO2mixedvenousoxygensaturation混合静脉血氧饱和度跨肺压气道开口压胸膜腔内压跨肺泡压肺泡内压胸膜腔内压跨气道压气道开口压肺泡内压气道峰压气道阻力压平台压平台压近似等于平均肺泡内压平均气道压恒压通气时恒流通气食道内压近似等于胸膜腔内压平均肺泡压多数气道内压力很容易在呼吸机面板或辅助监测系统上观察到但应注意如果不结合食道内压力测定其临床意义变小因为目前尚没有直接测定胸膜腔内压的很好方法多用食道内压代替胸腔内压如不测定则在自主呼吸状态下测得的肺顺应性中心静脉压等重要生理参数均不准确所以食道内压胸膜腔内压测定对机械通气患者的呼吸和循环功能的判断及进行治疗都有重要意义应注意在机械通气连接管路上的不同部位测得压力所代表的意义不同对血流动力学气体交换的影响更为明显并与气压伤的发生密切相关因此监测十分重要在机械通气期间应尽量保持峰压力小于测定时按吸气末按钮才能使结果准确平台压应保持在以内若高于此值发生气压伤的危险性明显增高由公式可看出要减少可通过调整吸气时间当潮气量和呼吸频率固定时调节吸气流速减少水平降低呼吸阻力和通气水平来实现从公式可以看出当明显高于时可使得平均肺泡压高于平均气道压httpsoiiyicombbssearchdokwE593AEE59698多发生在高分钟通气量和呼气阻力相对大的情况下哮喘患者存在严重的气道阻塞呼气阻力可明显高于吸气阻力在通气量过大时平均肺泡压高于平均气道压如没有考虑这一差异容易低估肺泡内的压力