2022届高考英语阅读理解专项训练 任务型阅读（含解析）.doc

第1页共52页2022届高考英语阅读理解专项训练任务型阅读一阅读理解共10小题1DoyouwanttobuythingsthatareneworsecondhandThesedaysmoreandmorepeoplewanttobuysecondhandthingsSecondhandthingsarenotonlycheapandvaluablebutalsoenvironmentalfriendlyTheseyearspeopleoftenbuyfarmorethantheyneedAtthesametimemorepeopleareinterestedinminimalism极简主义SothetradeamongsecondhandthingsisbecomingmoreandmorepopularIthelpsdeveloptheonlinetradingplatforms平台aswellInthosesecondhandplatformspeoplecantradealmostallkindsofusedproductsThingsinthesecondhandplatformsaremuchcheaperthannewonessopeoplecansavealotofmoneyForexampleanewcarmaycostmuchmoneybutyoucanhaveasecondhandcarwithalowerpriceUsingsecondhandthingsisalsogoodfortheenvironmentManythingscanberecycledmanytimesSoitsabetterchoicetosellthethingsyoudontneedassecondhandproductsinsteadofthrowingthemItcanbringtheenvironmentlesspollutionPeoplecanevenfindsomethingspecialandvaluableThesethingsarenolongermadenowadaysForexamplesomepeopleliketobuysomeoldthingsincludingwatchesclothesandothersThesethingsoftengoback30yearsorevenmoreButaslongastheyregoodpeoplecanstillusethemWhatkindsofsecondhandthingswillyoubuy1题完成句子23题简略回答问题4题找出并写下全文的主题句5题将文中画线句子译成汉语1Peopleoftenbuyfarmorethantheyneedandmorepeopleminimalismtheseyears2HowshouldwedealwiththethingswedontneedanymoreaccordingtoParagraph43Whyissomethingonsecondhandmarketspecialandvaluablenowadays45第2页共52页2DearDrVesslorIma12yearoldmiddleschoolstudentwhousuallygetsabouteighthoursofsleepanightIoftenfeeltiredwhenIgethomefromschoolat530andIwanttobeenergetictodomyhomeworkintheeveningHoweverwhenItrytakinganapIsleepfortwoorthreehoursthenIwakeupwithnoenergyWhatcanIdosothatIcanhavemoreenergyintheeveningYoursTooSleepyDearTooSleepyGoodforyouforthinkingofwaystodoyourschoolworkThefirstthingIwouldliketopointoutisthatyouarenotgettingenoughsleepatnightIthinkthatyoushouldgotobedearlierWhenyoudontgetenoughsleepatnightnappingcanhelpyoutorechargeIntroducingacatnapintoyourdaymaybeveryhelpfulInfactstudiesshowthattakingashortnapafterlearningnewinformationmayhelpyouremembertheinformationbetterIdonothoweverrecommend推荐atwoorthreehournapbecausenappingforseveralhoursduringthedaycanmakeithardforyoutofallasleepatnightitbecanalsowakeupafterdifficulttoalongnapAccordingtoresearchbyDavidFDingesnappingforaslittleas24minutesimprovesmental精神的performanceAnotherimportantthingtoconsideriswhentotakeyournapIthinkthatifyoudecidetotakeanapyoushoulddosorightafteryougethomefromschoolSetatimerforabout24minutessothatyouwontoversleepYouwillmostlikelywakeupandhavemoreenergyfortheeveningSleepwellDrVesslor阅读两封信件的内容按要求完成下面小题1WhatdoestheunderlinedwordrechargemeanA重复使用B锻炼C照顾D恢复体力第3页共52页2HowoldisTooSleepyandwhatshisorherproblem3WhydoesDrVesslorreplytoTooSleepy4请将划线部分的单词及短语连成完整的句子使文意通顺5WhatdoyoulearnsomethingfromDrVesslorssuggestion3MillionsofpeopleillegallydownloadmoviesmusicandvideogameseverydayandonlinepiracyisaseriousandexpensiveproblemRecentfiguresshowthat90offilestransferredoverfilesharingnetworksarecopyrightedAnditscostingtheUSeconomyupto250billionayearAttheheartofthemattertheresamoralquestiontoconsiderIsitfairthatsomeonedownloadsforfreeinsecondssomethingthattookateamofpeoplemonthsofhardworktocreateWhataregovernmentsdoingaboutonlinepiracySomecountrieshavepassedtoughnewlawsTheSpanishgovernmenthasshutdowndomesticfilesharingwebsitesandblockedaccesstooverseasbasedsitesAlsogovernmentsaregoingafterhighprofilepiratesKimDotcomtheownerofMegauploadcomwasarrestedinNewZealandwhohasbeenaccusedofpiracybecausemanypeoplewereusinghiswebsitetoswapcopyrightedfilesArelawsandarrestsreallythebestwayManypeoplearentsosureTheproblemisthatfilmsarereleasedatdifferenttimesaroundtheworldKimDotcomsaysthatateenagerinGermanyforexamplehastowaitsixmonthstoseeamoviethathasalreadycomeoutintheUSSoinsteadofwaitingtheydownloaditillegallyKimsaysIfeverybodyhadaccesstocontentatthesametimeyouwouldnthaveapiracyproblemAmericancompanyNetflixletsusersstreamfilmstotheirTVButmanycomplainthatNetflixsselectionofmoviesistoosmallandthattherearentenoughnewreleasesOnereasonisthatstudiosreleasefilmsonDVDandthenafterafewmonthsmakethemavailableforstreamingButwhatactuallyhappensisonepersonbuystheDVDtheyuploadittoafilesharingsiteandeveryoneelsedownloadsitforfreeAmericanlawstudentSrikantbelievesthatifmoviestudiosandrecordcompanieswanttobeatthepiratestheyneedtomakeitjustassimpleandquicktogetcontentlegallyIthinkpeoplewouldpayforcontentifitsreasonablypricedanditsavailablewhentheywantitheadds第4页共52页ThisisalreadyhappeningwithmusicSpotifyisaprogramthatletsyoustreammusictoyourcomputerforjust5permonthAndsinceitwaslaunchednSwedenin2009onlinemusicpiracyinSwedenhasdroppedby25ThekeytoitssuccessliesinthatSpotifyhasalargerangeofmusicsongsareinstantlyavailableandtheserviceisreasonablypricedEasyaccessisnttheonlypossiblesolutionEconomistGlennMacDonaldthinkshehastheanswerHesaysrecordcompaniesshouldgivealbumsawayforfreeandthenmakemoneyfromtoursandmerchandisingThatsnotsucharidiculousideaTheheavymetalgroupManowarhasmadeafortunefromtheirtourswhicharefulloffanswhodiscoveredthebandbyillegallydownloadingthemusicOnlinepiracyisacomplexandcontroversialissueAndonethingisforsureitsnotgoingawayanytimesoonOnlinepiracyTheissueofillegalfilesharingPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsProblemsRecentfiguresshowthe1offilessharedonlinearecopyrightedOnlinepiracyissuchanalarmingproblemthatitmakestheeconomy2Currentmeasuresandtheir3Lawsagainstpiracyhavebeenpassedandsomewebsiteowners4withpiracyhavebeenarrestedCompanieslikeNetflix5theiruserstostreamfilmstoTVsLawsandarrestscanteasethe6ofequalaccesstocontentatthesametimeUsersarefacedwitha7rangeoffilmswhicharereleasedmonthsaftertheirDVDversionsOthersolutionstoonlinepiracySpotifyhassetan8ofinstantavailabilityandreasonablypricedserviceFormusicindustrygivingalbumsawayforfreehelpstomakea9fromtoursandmerchandising第5页共52页ConclusionOnlinepiracyisacomplexandcontroversialissuewhich10longtermefforts4WeashumansareallinterconnectedandinterrelatedEachoneofouractionsandthoughtsformsapartofourfateaswellasothersandweareconnectedtoeachotherWhenweshareacollectionofideasmoralsattitudesandbeliefsweasasocietyareboundtogetherThisistheessenceandspiritofcollectiveconsciousnessThetermcollectiveconsciousnesswasintroducedbytheFrenchsociologistEmileDurkheimin1893whostatedthatthetotalityofbeliefsandsentiments感想commontotheaveragemembersofasocietyformsadeterminatesystemwithalifeofitsownInsimplertermswecansaythatacollectionofcommonbeliefsandideasstrengthensourbondasagroupasasocietyandactsasamajorcomponenttowardsunitingusforaparticulargoalInmodernsocietyoneoftheprimarycontributorstothisconceptisthemediaThecommonpublicisgreatlyinfluencedbywhatismentionedinthenewspapersontheradioorshownontelevisionsotheybegintohavesimilarideasandviewsaboutaparticularincidentoreventEventuallythemediaplaysaroleinprojectingaviewpointandthiswhetherinagoodlightorbadunitespeopleTherearemanyinstancesofthisconceptAuniversallyknownexampleisthatofantsObservethemcarefulandyouwillfindthattheyalwayslivetogetherincoloniesdoingtheirlittlebitforthegroupHoweverifyourelocateaportionofthecolonytheywillperformthesametasksatthesametimeMoreoverifyoudropacrumbthatistoolargetobecarriedbyasingleantanddothistoanantthatisdistancedfromtherestofthecolonyyoullobservethattheotherantswillcomeandhelpimmediatelyHowdoesthishappenManypeoplebelievethisisaglimpseofcollectiveconsciousnessinactionForanotherexamplewheneverwehearreportsoffloodsearthquakestsunamishurricanesandthelikewellfrequentlyfeelacommongriefWeshareacommonsadnessoverthelossofhumanityseparationandpainWhydowepraytogetherforallthepoordepartedsoulsandfeethappywhenthereissomegoodnewsafterthegreatdisasterSomewherewewereallmadetoconnecttoeachother第6页共52页OverallcollectiveconsciousnessdefinestherulesofrealityThesharedfaithandbeliefsactasaguidingfactortounderstandingtheuniversalmindsconnectednessThereforepracticethisconceptinyourdailylifeStartbelievingthatwereallonewereinthistogetherlifeordeathandweareallconnectedCollectiveconsciousnessConceptofcollectiveConsciousnessCollectiveconsciousnessisasetof1beliefsideasandmoralattitudes2asaunifyingforcewithinsociety3ofthemediaWiththeinformationonvariousmediapeopletendtothink4thusgettingunited5ofcollectiveconsciousnessAntsalwayslivetogetherdoingtheirpartforthegroup6beingrelocatedantsperformthesametasksatthesametimeWhenananthasfoodtoolargetocarryotherantswillcometoits7fromdifferentdirectionsWeare8toeachotherashumansWetendtofeelgrievedandprayforthemwhenknowingsomepeopleare9WellfeelrelievedwhenweheargoodnewsaboutthemafterthedisasterAdvice10collectiveconsciousnessintopracticedailyandbelievethatweareallone5Agreatmanyparentssendtheirchildrentopreschoolseducationalprogramsfor第7页共52页childrenundertheageoffiveIthasbeensaidthatthisisthetimeperiodwhenthebraindoesoverfiftypercentofitsgrowingThiscouldmeanthatthelearningprocessshouldbeintroducedduringtheseyearsHowevertheviewsthatdifferentsocietiesholdregardingthepurposeofearlychildhoodeducationarenotsameWhereasChineseparentstendtoseepreschoolsprimarilyasawayofgivingchildrenagoodstartacademicallyparentsintheUnitedStatesregardtheprimarypurposeofpreschoolsasmakingchildrenmoreindependentandselfreliantPreschoolscanoperateunderaguidingphilosophyofplaybasedoracademiclearningPlaybasedprogramsareguidedbythecentralbeliefthatchildrenlearnbestthroughplayPlayisthoughttobuildchildrensinterestandloveoflearningAcademicprogramsemphasizereadingmathandscienceandusestructuredteacherdirectedactivitiestopromotefoundationalskillsintheseareasIntheUnitedStatesthebestknownprogramdesignedtopromotefutureacademicsuccessisHeadStartTheprogramwhichstressesparentalinvolvementwasdesignedtoservethewholechildincludingchildrensphysicalhealthselfconfidencesocialresponsibilityandsocialandemotionaldevelopmentArecentevaluationsuggeststhatpreschoolerswhoparticipateinHeadStartarelesslikelytorepeatgradesandmorelikelytocompleteschoolinfutureFurthermoregraduatesofHeadStartprogramsshowhigheracademicperformanceattheendofhighschoolalthoughthegainsaremodestInadditionresultsfromothertypesofpreschoolreadinessprogramsindicatethatforeverydollarspentontheprogramtaxpayerssavedsevendollarsbythetimethegraduatesreachedtheageof27NoteveryoneagreesthatprogramsthatseektoenhanceacademicskillsduringthepreschoolyearsareagoodthingInfactaccordingtodevelopmentalpsychologistDavidElkindUnitedStatessocietytendstopushchildrensorapidlythattheybegintofeelstressandpressureatayoungageElkindarguesthatacademicsuccessislargelydependentuponfactorssuchasinheritedabilitiesandachildsrateofmaturationwhichparentscandonothingaboutConsequentlychildrenofaparticularagecannotbeexpectedtomastereducationalmaterialwithouttakingintoaccounttheircurrentlevelofcognitive认知的developmentInshortchildrenrequiredevelopmentappropriateeducationalpracticewhichiseducationthatisbasedonbothtypicaldevelopmentandtheuniquecharacteristicsofa第8页共52页givenchildEarlyChildhoodEducationReasonsforattendingpreschoolsThe1ofthebrainmaturesundertheageoffiveParentsexpectationsofpreschools2greatly3ofpreschoolsSomeprograms4onplayactivitieswhileothersonacademicactivitiesParentsare5insomepreschoolprogramsBenefitsofattendingpreschoolsGraduatesaremore6togotoschoolGraduatesmayachievehighergradesathighschoolItcanbe7forhouseholdsinthelongterm8aboutpreschoolsChildrenfeelpressuredatayoungageFactorsdeterminingacademicsuccessarebeyondparents9Earlychildhoodeducationmustbe10withchildrensdevelopmentandcharacteristics6OnavisittoSussexonFebruary16thDavidCameronannouncedthatiftheConservativeswintheelectiononMay7thyoungpeoplewhoareoutofworkeducationortrainingforsixmonthswillhavetodounpaidcommunityworktogetbenefitsThespeechwaspartofapreelectionpushtoshowtheConservativePartyistoughonwelfarereformthoughcriticsinsistsuchschemesrarelypromoteemploymentThewellwornpathfromtheschoolgatedowntothejobcentreandontoalifeonbenefitshasgottobewipedawaysaidthe第9页共52页primeministerThewelfarebillhasfallenabitasunemploymentdropsButthemainattempttoreformworkingagebenefitsknownasuniversalcreditUChasgoneawayIn2011MrCameronsaiditwouldbepartofthemostambitiousandfundamentalchangestothewelfaresystemsinceitbeganThelateststageofUCwasalsostartedfromFebruary16thbutitsfutureisnotcertainatallUCcombinessixworkingagebenefitsincludingtaxcreditshousingbenefitandjobseekersallowanceintoasinglepaymentItaimstoprovidethepoorestBritonswithaladdertoclimboutofwelfaredependencybysimplifyingasystemthatprovidesperverseincentives反常动力tostayonbenefitsratherthanworkItschampionIainDuncanSmiththesecretaryforworkandpensionsclaimsitisasmuchaboutchangingcultureasaboutsavingmoneyTheprojecthascrawledalonghittingmanyobstaclesonthewaysuchasanoverlyambitioustimetablethathadtoberesetin2013andanITsystemthathadtobeabandonedcostingtensofmillionsofpoundsMrDuncanSmithdebatedoftenwithGeorgeOsbornethehardernosedchancelloroftheexchequer财政大臣OtherproblemshavecomefromtechnicalcomplexitiessuchaslinkingthetaxsystemscomputerswiththoseatthedepartmentforworkandpensionsCriticssaythatmovingallclaimsonlineisfoolishwhenmanypeopledonotevenhaveaccesstoacomputerSimilarlyfoolishtheysayareplanstopaybenefitsmonthlyratherthanweeklytopeoplewhocannotbudgetandtogivehousingbenefittoapplicantswhomaywasteitratherthandirectlytothelandlordsoftheirgovernmentfundedhousingDefenderssaythepoorneedtobegivenmoreresponsibilityThecurrentbenefitssystemisjustprocessandpaysaysChristianGuyMrDuncanSmithsformerspeechwriternowheadoftheCentreforSocialJusticeUCmakestheassumptionofambitionThisweekslimiteddemonstrationwillmeanthat250jobcentresroughlyoneinthreewillofferUCButthesenumbersrefertoasystemusedforsinglerecipientswithnodependentsThebiggerdigitalsystemcoveringcomplexapplicantswithchildrenhasnotyetbeentestedThereasonthisweeksannouncementmeansnothingisthatwearestillnotsureifthesystemworksformostpeoplesaysJonathanPortesoftheNationalInstituteof第10页共52页EconomicandSocialResearchTheyreproducingasystemtheyarenotgoingtouseThegovernmenthopedthat1millionpeoplewouldbeusingUCbyApril2014butonly64000haveuseditsofarThereisnoguaranteeitwillbecarriedoutinfulleveniftheToriesformthenextgovernmentIwouldntputmoneyonUCcontinuingundereithermajorpartysaysColinTalbotoftheUniversityofManchesterOpponentssaygainswillbethelowestTheyaccuseMrDuncanSmithandhisteamoftryingtochangetheworldMrGuycontradictsAtleastsomeoneistryingTitleThegovernmentswelfarereformisin1IntroductionDavidCameronexpressedhis2topromotewelfarereformiftheConservativeswintheelectionPresent3Thewelfarebillhasdroppedbecauseofincreasing4Thelateststageofuniversalcredit5UCwasstartedinspiteofitsuncertainfuture6sixworkingagebenefitsintoasinglepaymentObstaclesandproblemsItcausedmanydebatesamongexpertsMovingallclaimsonlineisnotpracticalbecausecomputersarenot7tomanypeopleThepoorneedtobegivenmoreresponsibilityThereasonthisweekslimiteddemonstrationmeansnothingisthatwestill8ifthesystemworksformostpeopleDifferentattitudesColinTalbotwouldntputmoneyonUC9OpponentsarenotoptimisticaboutthegainsMrGuyinsiststhattryingis10thanwaiting7ImaginethatworkhadtakenovertheworldItwouldbethecentrearoundwhichtherestoflifeturnedThenallelsewouldcometobesubservient服从于toworkThenslowlyalmost第11页共52页unconsciouslyanythingelsethegamesonceplayedthesongssungnowthelovesfulfilledthefestivalscelebratedwouldcometoresembleandfinallybecomeworkAndhowinthisworldoftotalworkwouldpeoplethinkandsoundandactEverywheretheylookedtheywouldseethepreemployedemployedpostemployedunderemployedandunemployedandtherewouldbenooneuncountedinthiscensus人口普查EverywheretheywouldpraiseandloveworkwishingeachothertheverybestforaproductivedayopeningtheireyestotasksandclosingthemonlytosleepEverywherevirtueofhardworkwouldbechampionedasthemeansbywhichsuccessistobeachievedlazinessbeingconsideredasthegravestsin罪孽Everywhereamongcontentprovidersknowledgebrokerscollaborationarchitectsandheadsofnewdivisionswouldbeheardendlesschatteraboutworkflowsaboutplansandbenchmarks基准InthisworldeatingrestingexercisingmeditatingandcommutingactoftravellingbackandforthbetweenhomeandworkwouldallbebeneficialtogoodhealthwhichwouldinturnbeputintheserviceofbeingmoreandmoreproductiveNoonewoulddrinktoomuchandsomewouldjusttakealittleofpsychedelics迷幻剂toenhancetheirworkperformanceWhatissodisturbingabouttotalworkisnotjustthatitcausesneedlesshumansufferingbutalsothatitremovestheformsofplayfulcontemplation沉思concernedwithouraskingthinkingandansweringthemostbasicquestionsofexistenceThereistobeginwithconstanttensionandominantsenseofpressureassociatedwiththethoughtthattheressomethingthatneedstobedonealwayssomethingImsupposedtobedoingrightnowSecondlyonefeelsguiltwheneverheisnotasproductiveaspossibleTheburdencharacteroftotalworkthenisdefinedbyceaselessrestlessupsettingactivityanxietyaboutthefutureasenseoflifebeingoverwhelmingthoughtsaboutmissedopportunitiesandguiltconnectedtothepossibilityoflazinessInshorttotalworknecessarilycausesdukkhaaBuddhisttermreferringtotheunsatisfactorynatureofalifefilledwithsufferingInadditiontocausingdukkhatotalworkblocksaccesstohigherlevelsofrealityForwhatislostintheworldoftotalworkisartsdisclosureofthebeautifulreligionsglimpseofeternity永恒lovespurejoyandphilosophyssenseofwondermentafeelingofpleasantsurpriseoradmirationAlloftheserequiresilencestillnessawholeheartedwillingnessto第12页共52页simplyunderstandPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsImaginationIfworkoccupiedtheworldhumanlifewould1aroundnothingelseandtherewouldalsobean2changefromanythingtoworkPossibleoccurrencesHumanlifewouldbeaworksleeppatternEffortstomakeyou3atworkwouldbepraisedandlaziness4Peopleofdifferent5wouldtalkendlesslyaboutworklikeworkflowsplansandsoonConsequencesTotalworknotonlybringsaboutsufferingbutalso6peoplefromhavingplayfulcontemplationTotalworktendstoputpeopleunderpressuremakingthemfeeltenseand7whentheyarenotproductiveTotalworkcausespeopletoalwaysfeel8abouttheirlifeTotalworkleavespeoplelittle9toexploreartreligionloveandphilosophyblockingpeoplesaccesstohigherlevelsof108SchoollunchesinJapanJapanmanagesarareachievementforadevelopedcountrywhenitcomestofeedingitschildrenhighscoresfornutritionbutverylowobesityratesOnemajorkeySchoollunchesAlandmarkreportbytheUNschildrenagencyUNICEFreleasedTuesdayshowsJapantoppingthechartsforchildhoodhealthindicatorswithlowratesofinfantmortalityandfewunderweightchildrenExpertssaytherearevariousfactorsatworkincludingahealthconscioussocietyandregularlycheckupsforchildrenrequiredbylawbutanationwideschoollunchprogram第13页共52页alsoplaysakeyroleSchoolluncheswithmenusthatarecreatedbynutritionistsareprovidedtoallprimaryschoolsandthemajorityofjuniorhighschoolsthroughoutJapanMitsuhikoHaraapediatricianandprofessoratTokyoKaseiGakuinUniversitytoldAFPThelunchesaremandatorynopackedlunchesallowedandwhiletheyarenotfreeformosttheyareheavilysubsidized补助Eachmealisdesignedtohavearound600700caloriesbalancedbetweencarbohydratesmeatorfishandvegetablesSchoollunchisdesignedtoprovidenutritionthattendstobelackinginmealsathomeEducationMinistryofficialMayumiUedatoldAFPIthinkitcontributestothenutritionalbalancenecessaryforchildrenUnlikethecafeteriasystemoperatedinsomeWesterncountriesJapaneseschoollunchesareusuallyservedintheclassroomPupilsfrequentlydishoutthefoodtoeachotherandcleanuptheroomafterwardsThereisnochoiceofmealandnoconcessionsofferedforvegetariansoranyonewithreligiousrestrictionsThelunchesareintendednotonlytofeedchildrenbuttoteachthemTheresalsoadailybroadcastatschooltoexplainthenutritionalelementscontainedintheschoollunchofthedayandthisisagoodwaytoeducatekidsHarasaidSchoollunchispositionedaspartofeducationunderthelawUedasaidItsnotjustabouteatingfoodbutchildrenlearntoserveandcleanupontheirownTheJapanesegovernmentstudiesnutritionandeatinghabitsinJapanannuallyandusestheresultstoshapewhatgoesintotheschoolmealssheaddedAndthereareotherfactorsatworkHaraacknowledgedBecausemanyJapanesearehealthconscioustheytrytoeatavarietyoffoodwhichisgoodhesaidAndweretaughttoeatseasonalfoodwhichalsocontributestogoodhealthJapanisoneoftherarecountriesthatpaysomuchattentiontofoodthatisassociatedwithspecificseasonsheaddedHarasaidanotherfactorinJapanisregularlymandatedchildcarehealthchecksParentsofinfantsreceiveremindersfromthelocalgovernmentandchildrenaregivenhealthchecksatschoolincludingmeasuringheightandweightStillevenJapanhasnotescapedentirelythegrowingtrendtowardoverweightchildrenandchildhoodobesitywhichinJapanlikeelsewheretendstoaffectthosefromless第14页共52页wealthyfamiliesChildreninpovertyaremorelikelytobeoverweightbecausefamiliestrytocutcostsHarasaidAsaresulttheyeatlessproteinbutconsumemorecarbsandsugarwhichleadstoobesitySchoollunchesareallthemoreimportanttochildreninsuchsituationshesaidSchoollunchesinJapanIntroductionAsisreportedbytheUNICEFJapan1highinchildhoodhealthAsocialawarenessofhealthregularand2checkupsforchildrenandanationwideschoollunchprogramaremain3DetailsofschoollunchesRegardinghealthMenuscreatedbynutritionistsand4annuallybygovernmentMeals5innutritionFoodofgreat6andseasonalfoodOfficialremindersofchildcarehealthchecksRegarding7Thelunchesareintendedtoimprovestudentsserviceconsciousnessand8studentsknowledgeofnutritionalelementsProblemstobesolved9oflessproteinbutmorecarbsandsugarin10familiesleadstotheincreasingnumberofoverweightchildreninJapan第15页共52页9BeliefsareourbrainswayofmakingsenseofourcomplexworldTheyarementalrepresentationsofthewaysourbrainexpectsthingsinourenvironmenttobehaveandhowthingsshouldberelatedtoeachotherthepatternsourbrainexpectstheworldtoconformtoBeliefsaremodelsforefficientlearningandareoftenkeytoonessurvivalThebrainisanenergyexpensiveorgansoithastoevolveenergyconservingefficienciesAsapredictionmachineitmusttakeshortcutsforpatternrecognitionasitprocessesthevastamountsofinformationreceivedfromtheenvironmentbyitssenseorganoutgrowthsBeliefsallowthebraintodistillcomplexinformationenablingittoquicklyclassifyandevaluateinformationandtojumptoconclusionsInitsneedforeconomyandefficiencyofenergyconsumptionthetendencyofthebrainistofitnewinformationintoitsexistingframeworkforunderstandingtheworldratherthanrepeatedlyreconstructthatframeworkfromscratchItseemslikelythattheprocessesinthebraininvolvedinabstractbeliefformationevolvesfromsimplerprocessesinvolvedininterpretingsensoryperceptionSinceweexperiencetheworldentirelythroughoursenseswefindithardtoacceptthattheseopinionsaresometimessubjectivelymisrepresentedandthattheyarenotnecessarilyreliableexperiencesofobjectiverealityPeopletendtotrusttheirphysicalsensesandtobelievetheiropinionsnomatterhowstrangetheirperceptualdistortionsarePeoplewilllayerexplanationsontopoftheirperceptionofrealitytoexplainawaycontradictionsWegiveoursubjectiveexperiencetoomuchtrustandsotooourbeliefsWewillmorereadilyexplainawayevidencethatcontradictsourcherishedbeliefbyexpandinganddescribingthatbeliefwithadditionallayersofdistortedexplanationratherthanabandoningitorfundamentallyrestructuringitSciencevaluesthechangingofmindsthroughdisprovingpreviouslyheldbeliefsandchallengingreceivedauthoritywithnewevidenceSciencerequirestrainingItisadisciplinedmethodthattriestosystematicallyovercomeorbypassourintuitionsandcognitivebiasesandfollowtheevidenceregardlessofourpriorbeliefsexpectationsorpreferencesTheincreasingapplicationofthescientificmethodinthelastfourcenturieshaspromotedunprecedentedprogressinhumanitysquesttounderstandthenatureofrealityandmadevastimprovementsinqualityoflifeDiscoveringjusthowmistakenwecollectivelywereaboutso第16页共52页manythingshasbeenthekeytosensationalsocietalprogressTheshortcutsin1theenvironmentBeliefsareourwayto2theworldBeliefsmodelwaystolearnefficientlyandenableusto3BeliefsallowthebraintosummarizeclassifyandevaluateinformationThe4fordifficultiesinchangingbeliefsTosaveenergyourbrainstendto5theexistingframeworktothenewinformationratherthanreconstructit6ofsensoryperceptionisimportanttoabstractbeliefformationBecauseofourwaytoexperiencetheworlditishardforustoadmitour7aboutobjectiverealityWearetoo8aboutoursubjectiveexperienceandbeliefsTheexcitementofprovingourselveswrongScience9ourintuitionsandcognitivebiasesOur10ofourmisinterpretationoftheworldwillbenefitthedevelopmentofsociety10IoncehadasuperiorNataliewhowasrepeatedlylateShewouldraceintotheofficeeverymorningstressedandveryuntidyandshedalwayshavetoreschedulemeetingsIalmosthadapanicattackoncewhenshearrivedjust17secondsbeforeourflightclosedforboardingonanimportantbusinesstripIveknownafewpeoplelikeNatalieandIalwaysthinkHowdotheydoitImeanisntitsoanxietyinducingtoalwaysraceagainsttheclockIftheytakeafewminutesforpreparationandthinkaheadeverythingwillbemucheasierNataliesapproachdidntdoheranyfavorthatsforsureHerlackoforganizationmeantshenevergotselectedforleadershiprolesandshewasntconsideredforthepromotionshewantedItwasntsurprising第17页共52页ThegoodnewsisthatpunctualityisnotageneAnyonecanmasteritHereshowyoucanstayonoraheadofschedule99ofthetimeRefusetotakeontoomuchOverscheduledpeopleruntheriskofbeinglatebecausetheysqueezemoreintotheircalendarthana24hourslot时段willallowHeyyoucantfitseveneggsintoahalfdozenboxwithoutamessThisonesimplerulewilltransformyourlifeWhatcanyouscratchofftheagendabeforeyouevenbegintodayGetrealwithyourselfhereWhatcanyousaynotoinordertogiveyourbesttothestuffthatreallymattersSetasideafewminutestoplanLookatyourdaythenightbeforeorfirstthinginthemorningwheredoyouhavetobeandbywhenWhatdoyouhavetodoandhowlongwilleachtasktakeyouAllyouhavetodoisabitoftimebudgetingSayyouhavethreetaskstocompleteandtwomeetingsthatbothrequirealittlepreparationandtraveltimeScheduleanapproximatetimeforeachofthreetasksandgiveyourselfsomeextratimeincaseyouneedalittlelongerthanyouthinkHavesomenecessitieshandyWithoutdryshampooanaccessory配饰collectionthatmatchesabasicblackgarmentandabrightlipstickinhandbaggettingreadywouldtakemeatleast30minutesmoreperdayWhenyouhavesomesuchtimesavingstuffinyourlifeyourappearanceremainsstronginaveryshortperiodoftimeStartbatching批量处理WhetheryoureplanningFacebookupdatessendingemailsorevenmakeahead可预先准备的mealsfortheweekbatchingisatimesaverOnceyoureinashoppingwritingorsocialmediamindsetperfectthatbythinkingafewdaysoraweekoutAworkingmomsharedwithmethesecretofbatchingmealschoresandevenpayingbillsonlineTryityouwontgobackBePunctualBeReliableAn1Natalieslifeandworkwereofteninamesson2第18页共52页toillustratethesignificanceofpunctualityofbeingfrequentlylate3organizationitsnotsurprisingthatshedidntgetpromotedPreparingandthinkingaheadwillmakepeopleeasierinsteadofbeinganxious4tobeingpunctualBe5forproperworkPeoplewitha6schedulemayriskbeinglatethereforeitissignificanttocancelsomeworkandlearntodeclinesomerequeststoperformwellonvitalissues7afewminutestoplanExamineyourscheduleinadvance8sufficienttimeincaseofneedinglongertimeMakethingsyouneedeasilyavailableForaladygoodslikedryshampooanaccessorycollectionalongsideabrightlipstickwillhelptodressupand9upquicklySortoutanddealwiththingstogetherWhileinashoppingwritingorsocialmediamindsetarrangethemtogetheringroupstomakesuchaprocessmore10第19页共52页2022届高考英语阅读理解专项训练任务型阅读参考答案与试题解析一阅读理解共10小题1DoyouwanttobuythingsthatareneworsecondhandThesedaysmoreandmorepeoplewanttobuysecondhandthingsSecondhandthingsarenotonlycheapandvaluablebutalsoenvironmentalfriendlyTheseyearspeopleoftenbuyfarmorethantheyneedAtthesametimemorepeopleareinterestedinminimalism极简主义SothetradeamongsecondhandthingsisbecomingmoreandmorepopularIthelpsdeveloptheonlinetradingplatforms平台aswellInthosesecondhandplatformspeoplecantradealmostallkindsofusedproductsThingsinthesecondhandplatformsaremuchcheaperthannewonessopeoplecansavealotofmoneyForexampleanewcarmaycostmuchmoneybutyoucanhaveasecondhandcarwithalowerpriceUsingsecondhandthingsisalsogoodfortheenvironmentManythingscanberecycledmanytimesSoitsabetterchoicetosellthethingsyoudontneedassecondhandproductsinsteadofthrowingthemItcanbringtheenvironmentlesspollutionPeoplecanevenfindsomethingspecialandvaluableThesethingsarenolongermadenowadaysForexamplesomepeopleliketobuysomeoldthingsincludingwatchesclothesandothersThesethingsoftengoback30yearsorevenmoreButaslongastheyregoodpeoplecanstillusethemWhatkindsofsecondhandthingswillyoubuy1题完成句子23题简略回答问题4题找出并写下全文的主题句5题将文中画线句子译成汉语1Peopleoftenbuyfarmorethantheyneedandmorepeopleareinterestedinminimalismtheseyears2HowshouldwedealwiththethingswedontneedanymoreaccordingtoParagraph4Weshouldselltheminsteadofthrowingthem3WhyissomethingonsecondhandmarketspecialandvaluablenowadaysBecause第20页共52页thesethingsarenolongermadenowadays4Secondhandthingsarenotonlycheapandvaluablebutalsoenvironmentalfriendly5但是只要它们二手商品是好的人们仍然可以使用它们分析本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了购买二手商品的好处不仅物美价廉而且环保解答1areinterestedin考查细节理解根据第二段关键句TheseyearspeopleoftenbuyfarmorethantheyneedAtthesametimemorepeopleareinterestedinminimalism极简主义这些年来人们经常购买远远超过他们需要的东西同时越来越多的人对极简主义感兴趣可知越来越多的人对极简主义感兴趣areinterestedin意为对感兴趣符合语境故答案为areinterestedin2Weshouldselltheminsteadofthrowingthem考查细节理解根据第四段关键句SoitsabetterchoicetosellthethingsyoudontneedassecondhandproductsinsteadofthrowingthemItcanbringtheenvironmentlesspollution所以把你不需要的东西作为二手货出售而不是扔掉这是一个更好的选择它可以给环境带来更少的污染可知我们可以把不需要的东西作为二手货出售而不是扔掉由此可知对于我们不再需要的东西我们应该把它们卖掉不是扔掉故答案为Weshouldselltheminsteadofthrowingthem3Becausethesethingsarenolongermadenowadays考查细节理解根据倒数第二段关键句PeoplecanevenfindsomethingspecialandvaluableThesethingsarenolongermadenowadays人们甚至可以找到一些特别的有价值的东西这些东西现在不再制造了可知二手市场上有些东西很特别很有价值是因为这些东西现在不再制造了由此可知现在二手市场上的一些东西很特别很有价值是因为这些东西现在已经不生产Why问Because答故答案为Becausethesethingsarenolongermadenowadays4Secondhandthingsarenotonlycheapandvaluablebutalsoenvironmentalfriendly考查主旨大意通读文章根据第一段关键句Secondhandthingsarenotonlycheapandvaluablebutalsoenvironmentalfriendly二手货不仅物美价廉而且环保可知本文主要告诉我们购买二手商品的好处二手货不仅物美价廉而且环保由此可知全文的主题句是Secondhandthingsarenotonlycheapandvaluablebutalsoenvironmentalfriendly故答案为Secondhandthingsarenotonlycheapandvaluablebut第21页共52页alsoenvironmentalfriendly5但是只要它们二手商品是好的人们仍然可以使用它们考查条件状语从句分析句子可知句子为aslongas引导的条件状语从句从句aslongastheyregood意为只要它们是好的这里they指代的是二手商品主句peoplecanstillusethem意为人们仍然可以使用它们But表转折意为但是故句子可翻译为但是只要它们二手商品是好的人们仍然可以使用它们故答案为但是只要它们二手商品是好的人们仍然可以使用它们2DearDrVesslorIma12yearoldmiddleschoolstudentwhousuallygetsabouteighthoursofsleepanightIoftenfeeltiredwhenIgethomefromschoolat530andIwanttobeenergetictodomyhomeworkintheeveningHoweverwhenItrytakinganapIsleepfortwoorthreehoursthenIwakeupwithnoenergyWhatcanIdosothatIcanhavemoreenergyintheeveningYoursTooSleepyDearTooSleepyGoodforyouforthinkingofwaystodoyourschoolworkThefirstthingIwouldliketopointoutisthatyouarenotgettingenoughsleepatnightIthinkthatyoushouldgotobedearlierWhenyoudontgetenoughsleepatnightnappingcanhelpyoutorechargeIntroducingacatnapintoyourdaymaybeveryhelpfulInfactstudiesshowthattakingashortnapafterlearningnewinformationmayhelpyouremembertheinformationbetterIdonothoweverrecommend推荐atwoorthreehournapbecausenappingforseveralhoursduringthedaycanmakeithardforyoutofallasleepatnightitbecanalsowakeupafterdifficulttoalongnapAccordingtoresearchbyDavidFDingesnappingforaslittleas24minutesimprovesmental精神的performanceAnotherimportantthingtoconsideriswhentotakeyournapIthinkthatifyoudecidetotakeanapyoushoulddosorightafteryougethomefromschoolSetatimerforabout24minutessothatyouwontoversleepYouwillmostlikelywakeupandhavemoreenergyfortheeveningSleepwell第22页共52页DrVesslor阅读两封信件的内容按要求完成下面小题1WhatdoestheunderlinedwordrechargemeanDA重复使用B锻炼C照顾D恢复体力2HowoldisTooSleepyandwhatshisorherproblemTooSleepyis12yearsoldsheorheoftenfeelstiredafterschoolandshewantstobeenergetictodohomework3WhydoesDrVesslorreplytoTooSleepyTohelpTooSleepysolvehisorherproblem4请将划线部分的单词及短语连成完整的句子使文意通顺Itcanalsobedifficulttowakeupafteralongnap5WhatdoyoulearnsomethingfromDrVesslorssuggestionGotobedearlieratnightdonttakealongnapinthedayabout24minutesnapisenough分析本文是两封信件第一封中TooSleepy告诉DrVesslor自己530放学回家时经常感到疲劳晚上想精力充沛地做作业尝试小睡时醒来却没有精力第二封信中DrVesslor就如何让TooSleepy晚上有更多的精力提出了几条建议解答1D词义猜测题根据第二封信第二段Introducingacatnapintoyourdaymaybeveryhelpful在一天中引入小睡可能非常有帮助可知当你晚上睡眠不足时小睡能够帮助你恢复体力故选D2TooSleepyis12yearsoldsheorheoftenfeelstiredafterschoolandshewantstobeenergetictodohomework细节理解题根据第一封信Ima12yearoldmiddleschoolstudentwhousuallygetsabouteighthoursofsleepanightIoftenfeeltiredwhenIgethomefromschoolat530andIwanttobeenergetictodomyhomeworkintheevening我是一名12岁的中学生通常每晚睡8个小时左右530放学回家时我经常感到疲劳晚上我想精力充沛地做作业故填TooSleepyis12yearsoldsheorheoftenfeelstiredafterschoolandshewantstobeenergetictodohomework3TohelpTooSleepysolvehisorherproblem推理判断题根据第二封信第一段ThefirstthingIwouldliketopointoutisthatyouarenotgettingenoughsleepatnightIthinkthatyou第23页共52页shouldgotobedearlier我想指出的第一件事是你晚上睡眠不足我认为你应该早点睡觉及倒数第二段AnotherimportantthingtoconsideriswhentotakeyournapIthinkthatifyoudecidetotakeanapyoushoulddosorightafteryougethomefromschool另一个重要的考虑事项是什么时候睡午觉我认为如果你决定小睡一下你应该在你从学校回家的时候这样做可知DrVesslor回复TooSleepy是为了帮助他她解决困难故填TohelpTooSleepysolvehisorherproblem4Itcanalsobedifficulttowakeupafteralongnap推理判断题根据第二封信倒数第二段Idonothoweverrecommend推荐atwoorthreehournapbecausenappingforseveralhoursduringthedaycanmakeithardforyoutofallasleepatnight不过我不建议推荐你白天两到三个小时的小睡是因为白天小睡几个小时会让你晚上很难入睡及AccordingtoresearchbyDavidFDingesnappingforaslittleas24minutesimprovesmental精神的performance根据大卫F丁格斯的研究小睡24分钟可以改善精神状态可知横线处指长时间小睡之后也很难醒来故填Itcanalsobedifficulttowakeupafteralongnap5Gotobedearlieratnightdonttakealongnapinthedayabout24minutesnapisenough推理判断题根据第二封信第一段Ithinkthatyoushouldgotobedearlier我认为你应该早点睡觉及最后一段Idonothoweverrecommend推荐atwoorthreehournapbecausenappingforseveralhoursduringthedaycanmakeithardforyoutofallasleepatnight不过我不建议推荐你白天两到三个小时的小睡是因为白天小睡几个小时会让你晚上很难入睡及nappingforaslittleas24minutesimprovesmental精神的performance小睡24分钟可以改善精神状态可知晚上早睡白天不要长时间小睡大约24分钟足够了故填Gotobedearlieratnightdonttakealongnapinthedayabout24minutesnapisenough3MillionsofpeopleillegallydownloadmoviesmusicandvideogameseverydayandonlinepiracyisaseriousandexpensiveproblemRecentfiguresshowthat90offilestransferredoverfilesharingnetworksarecopyrightedAnditscostingtheUSeconomyupto250billionayearAttheheartofthemattertheresamoralquestiontoconsiderIsitfairthatsomeonedownloadsforfreeinsecondssomethingthattookateamofpeoplemonthsofhardworktocreateWhataregovernmentsdoingaboutonlinepiracySomecountrieshavepassedtough第24页共52页newlawsTheSpanishgovernmenthasshutdowndomesticfilesharingwebsitesandblockedaccesstooverseasbasedsitesAlsogovernmentsaregoingafterhighprofilepiratesKimDotcomtheownerofMegauploadcomwasarrestedinNewZealandwhohasbeenaccusedofpiracybecausemanypeoplewereusinghiswebsitetoswapcopyrightedfilesArelawsandarrestsreallythebestwayManypeoplearentsosureTheproblemisthatfilmsarereleasedatdifferenttimesaroundtheworldKimDotcomsaysthatateenagerinGermanyforexamplehastowaitsixmonthstoseeamoviethathasalreadycomeoutintheUSSoinsteadofwaitingtheydownloaditillegallyKimsaysIfeverybodyhadaccesstocontentatthesametimeyouwouldnthaveapiracyproblemAmericancompanyNetflixletsusersstreamfilmstotheirTVButmanycomplainthatNetflixsselectionofmoviesistoosmallandthattherearentenoughnewreleasesOnereasonisthatstudiosreleasefilmsonDVDandthenafterafewmonthsmakethemavailableforstreamingButwhatactuallyhappensisonepersonbuystheDVDtheyuploadittoafilesharingsiteandeveryoneelsedownloadsitforfreeAmericanlawstudentSrikantbelievesthatifmoviestudiosandrecordcompanieswanttobeatthepiratestheyneedtomakeitjustassimpleandquicktogetcontentlegallyIthinkpeoplewouldpayforcontentifitsreasonablypricedanditsavailablewhentheywantitheaddsThisisalreadyhappeningwithmusicSpotifyisaprogramthatletsyoustreammusictoyourcomputerforjust5permonthAndsinceitwaslaunchednSwedenin2009onlinemusicpiracyinSwedenhasdroppedby25ThekeytoitssuccessliesinthatSpotifyhasalargerangeofmusicsongsareinstantlyavailableandtheserviceisreasonablypricedEasyaccessisnttheonlypossiblesolutionEconomistGlennMacDonaldthinkshehastheanswerHesaysrecordcompaniesshouldgivealbumsawayforfreeandthenmakemoneyfromtoursandmerchandisingThatsnotsucharidiculousideaTheheavymetalgroupManowarhasmadeafortunefromtheirtourswhicharefulloffanswhodiscoveredthebandbyillegallydownloadingthemusicOnlinepiracyisacomplexandcontroversialissueAndonethingisforsureitsnotgoingawayanytimesoon第25页共52页OnlinepiracyTheissueofillegalfilesharingPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsProblemsRecentfiguresshowthe1majorityoffilessharedonlinearecopyrightedOnlinepiracyissuchanalarmingproblemthatitmakestheeconomy2sufferCurrentmeasuresandtheir3disadvantagesdrawbacksLawsagainstpiracyhavebeenpassedandsomewebsiteowners4chargedwithpiracyhavebeenarrestedCompanieslikeNetflix5allowpermittheiruserstostreamfilmstoTVsLawsandarrestscanteasethe6lackshortageofequalaccesstocontentatthesametimeUsersarefacedwitha7smallnarrowlimitedrangeoffilmswhicharereleasedmonthsaftertheirDVDversionsOthersolutionstoonlinepiracySpotifyhassetan8exampleofinstantavailabilityandreasonablypricedserviceFormusicindustrygivingalbumsawayforfreehelpstomakea9fortuneprofitfromtoursandmerchandisingConclusionOnlinepiracyisacomplexandcontroversialissuewhich10requiresneedsdemandslongtermefforts分析这是一篇议论文文章主要讲述了目前网络盗版问题给经济带来了巨大损失针对这一情况政府采取了一些措施但这些措施都有其不足之处总的来说网络盗版是一个复杂的问题还需要长期的努力才能得到解决解答1majority推理判断题根据第一段的Recentfiguresshowthat90offilestransferredoverfilesharingnetworksarecopyrighted可知最近的数据显示90通过文件共享网络传输的文件是受版权保护的此处用短语amajorityof大量符合文意故填majority2suffer推理判断题根据第一段的AnditscostingtheUSeconomyupto250billionayear它每年给美国经济造成高达2500亿美元的损失可知盗版使美国经济遭受巨第26页共52页大损失故此处用suffer遭受损失符合语境makesbdosth意思为使某人做某事其中make后面的不定式短语要省略to判断此处用动词原形故填suffer3disadvantagesdrawbacks主旨大意题根据24段的内容可知这几段主要讲述了人们针对盗版问题所采取的措施和这些措施的不足之处故填disadvantagesdrawbacks4charged细节理解题根据第二段的KimDotcomtheownerofMegauploadcomwasarrestedinNewZealandwhohasbeenaccusedofpiracybecausemanypeoplewereusinghiswebsitetoswapcopyrightedfilesMegauploadcom网站的所有者KimDotcom在新西兰被捕他被指控犯有盗版罪因为许多人使用他的网站交换有版权的文件可知一些网站所有者被指控犯有盗版罪而被逮捕chargesbwithaccusesbof指控某人犯某分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作后置定语逻辑主语somewebsiteowners和charge之间是被动关系应用过去分词作定语故填charged5allowpermit细节理解题根据第四段的AmericancompanyNetflixletsusersstreamfilmstotheirTV可知美国Netflix公司允许用户在电视上播放流媒体电影letallowpermit允许主语companies是复数时态为一般现在时故填allowpermit6lackshortage细节理解题根据第三段的Arelawsandarrestsreallythebestway法律和逮捕真的最好的方法吗和Ifeverybodyhadaccesstocontentatthesametimeyouwouldnthaveapiracyproblem如果每个人都能同时获得内容就不会有盗版问题了可知法律和逮捕也不能解决不能同时平等获得内容的不足shortagelackof缺乏故填shortagelack7smallnarrowlimited原词再现题根据第四段的ButmanycomplainthatNetflixsselectionofmoviesistoosmallandthattherearentenoughnewreleases但很多人抱怨Netflix的电影选择太少新上映的电影也不够多可知电影公司提供的电影选择非常有限故填smallnarrowlimited8example细节理解题根据第五段的Ithinkpeoplewouldpayforcontentifitsreasonablypricedanditsavailablewhentheywantitheadds他补充说到我认为如果内容定价合理而且在人们需要的时候就能够得到他们会为这些内容付费和第六段的ThisisalreadyhappeningwithmusicSpotifyisaprogramthatletsyoustreammusictoyourcomputerforjust5permonth这已经在音乐领域发生了Spotify就是一个可以让你以每月5的价格将流媒体音乐下载到你电脑上的程序可知Spotify就是付合理费用立刻使用流媒体内容的例子example例子故填example第27页共52页9fortuneprofit细节理解题根据倒数第二段的HesaysrecordcompaniesshouldgivealbumsawayforfreeandthenmakemoneyfromtoursandmerchandisingThatsnotsucharidiculousideaTheheavymetalgroupManowarhasmadeafortunefromtheirtourswhicharefulloffanswhodiscoveredthebandbyillegallydownloadingthemusic他表示唱片公司应该免费赠送专辑然后通过巡演和销售来赚钱这并不是什么荒谬的想法重金属乐队Manowar从他们的巡演中赚取了大量利润巡演上有很多都是通过非法下载他们的音乐而发现他们的歌迷可知对于唱片公司来说免费赠送专辑可以帮助在巡演和销售时获得利润fortuneprofit利润故填fortuneprofit10requiresneedsdemands细节理解题根据最后一段的OnlinepiracyisacomplexandcontroversialissueAndonethingisforsureitsnotgoingawayanytimesoon网络盗版是一个复杂而有争议的问题有一件事是肯定的它不会很快消失可知网络盗版需要长期的努力才能消除requireneeddemand需要主语是第三人称单数故填requiresneedsdemands4WeashumansareallinterconnectedandinterrelatedEachoneofouractionsandthoughtsformsapartofourfateaswellasothersandweareconnectedtoeachotherWhenweshareacollectionofideasmoralsattitudesandbeliefsweasasocietyareboundtogetherThisistheessenceandspiritofcollectiveconsciousnessThetermcollectiveconsciousnesswasintroducedbytheFrenchsociologistEmileDurkheimin1893whostatedthatthetotalityofbeliefsandsentiments感想commontotheaveragemembersofasocietyformsadeterminatesystemwithalifeofitsownInsimplertermswecansaythatacollectionofcommonbeliefsandideasstrengthensourbondasagroupasasocietyandactsasamajorcomponenttowardsunitingusforaparticulargoalInmodernsocietyoneoftheprimarycontributorstothisconceptisthemediaThecommonpublicisgreatlyinfluencedbywhatismentionedinthenewspapersontheradioorshownontelevisionsotheybegintohavesimilarideasandviewsaboutaparticularincidentoreventEventuallythemediaplaysaroleinprojectingaviewpointandthiswhetherinagoodlightorbadunitespeopleTherearemanyinstancesofthisconceptAuniversallyknownexampleisthatofantsObservethemcarefulandyouwillfindthattheyalwayslivetogetherincolonies第28页共52页doingtheirlittlebitforthegroupHoweverifyourelocateaportionofthecolonytheywillperformthesametasksatthesametimeMoreoverifyoudropacrumbthatistoolargetobecarriedbyasingleantanddothistoanantthatisdistancedfromtherestofthecolonyyoullobservethattheotherantswillcomeandhelpimmediatelyHowdoesthishappenManypeoplebelievethisisaglimpseofcollectiveconsciousnessinactionForanotherexamplewheneverwehearreportsoffloodsearthquakestsunamishurricanesandthelikewellfrequentlyfeelacommongriefWeshareacommonsadnessoverthelossofhumanityseparationandpainWhydowepraytogetherforallthepoordepartedsoulsandfeethappywhenthereissomegoodnewsafterthegreatdisasterSomewherewewereallmadetoconnecttoeachotherOverallcollectiveconsciousnessdefinestherulesofrealityThesharedfaithandbeliefsactasaguidingfactortounderstandingtheuniversalmindsconnectednessThereforepracticethisconceptinyourdailylifeStartbelievingthatwereallonewereinthistogetherlifeordeathandweareallconnectedCollectiveconsciousnessConceptofcollectiveConsciousnessCollectiveconsciousnessisasetof1sharedcommonbeliefsideasandmoralattitudes2actingworkingservingfunctioningoperatingasaunifyingforcewithinsociety3EffectsInfluencesImpactscontributionsofthemediaWiththeinformationonvariousmediapeopletendtothink4similarlylikewisealikethusgettingunited5ExamplesInstancesofcollectiveconsciousnessAntsalwayslivetogetherdoingtheirpartforthegroup6DespitebeingrelocatedantsperformthesametasksatthesametimeWhenananthasfoodtoolargetocarry第29页共52页otherantswillcometoits7aidassistancehelpfromdifferentdirectionsWeare8connectedtoeachotherashumansWetendtofeelgrievedandprayforthemwhenknowingsomepeopleare9sufferingunfortunateWellfeelrelievedwhenweheargoodnewsaboutthemafterthedisasterAdvice10Putcollectiveconsciousnessintopracticedailyandbelievethatweareallone分析本文是一篇任务型阅读主要介绍了什么是集体主义以及集体主义的影响解答1sharedcommon原词重现题第二段thetotalitybeliefsandsentimentscommontotheaveragemembersofasocietyforms集体意识是大众共有的观念故填sharedcommon2actingworkingservingfunctioningoperating理解概括题结合第二段后半段Insimplertermswecansaythatacollectionofcommonbeliefsandideasstrengthensourbondasagroupasasocietyandactsasamajorcomponenttowardsunitingusforaparticulargoal简而言之我们可以说共同的信仰和思想的集合加强了我们作为一个群体作为一个社会的纽带并作为一个主要组成部分团结我们为了一个特定的目标可知集体意识可以作为一种使得人们团结一致的力量故填actingworkingservingfunctioningoperating3EffectsInfluencesImpactscontributions原词重现题第三段第一句oneoftheprimarycontributorstotheconceptisthemedia媒体是集体意识形成的主要贡献者之一也就是说媒体产生了影响或者贡献故填EffectsInfluencesImpactscontributions4similarlylikewisealike原词重现题第三段第三行sotheybegintohavesimilarideasandviews媒体使得人们产生相似的观点人们的思想趋于相似形容词转副词故填similarlylikewisealike5ExamplesInstances理解概括题根据右边表格可知这是在举例子加上第一句第30页共52页出现了instance故填ExamplesInstances6Despite理解概括题第四段第三行Howeverifyourelocateaportionofthecolonytheywillperformthesametasksatthesametime尽管搬迁了蚂蚁还是会做同样的任务由于是在题目句首故填Despite7aidassistancehelp原词重现题第四段倒数第三行youwillobservethattheotherantswillcomeandhelpimmediately当有蚂蚁要扛很重的食物其他蚂蚁就会立刻前来帮助故填aidassistancehelp8connected原词重现题第五段最后一句wewereallmadetoconnecttoeachother当人们面对灾难会产生一样的感受人们被相互连接在了一起动词转形容词故填connected9sufferingunfortunate理解概括题结合第五段ForanotherexamplewheneverwehearreportsoffloodsearthquakestsunamishurricanesandthelikewellfrequentlyfeelacommongriefWeshareacommonsadnessoverthelossofhumanityseparationandpainWhydowepraytogetherforallthepoordepartedsoulsandfeelhappywhenthereissomegoodnewsafterthegreatdisasterSomewherewewereallmadetoconnecttoeachother再举个例子每当我们听到洪水地震海啸飓风等等的报道我们都会经常感到共同的悲伤我们对人类的丧失分离和痛苦都有共同的悲伤为什么我们要一起为所有的穷人逝去的灵魂祈祷当有好消息传来之后我们会感到高兴大灾难在某个地方我们都是为了彼此联系可知人们会为了平穷受到伤痛的人们祈祷也就是为了苦难和不幸的人们祈祷故填sufferingunfortunate10Put理解概括题根据最后一段倒数第二句Thereforepracticethisconceptinyourdailylife将这种概念付诸在日常生活的实践中Putintopractice将付诸实践故填Put5AgreatmanyparentssendtheirchildrentopreschoolseducationalprogramsforchildrenundertheageoffiveIthasbeensaidthatthisisthetimeperiodwhenthebraindoesoverfiftypercentofitsgrowingThiscouldmeanthatthelearningprocessshouldbeintroducedduringtheseyearsHowevertheviewsthatdifferentsocietiesholdregardingthepurposeofearlychildhoodeducationarenotsameWhereasChineseparentstendtoseepreschoolsprimarilyasawayofgivingchildrenagoodstartacademicallyparentsintheUnitedStatesregardtheprimary第31页共52页purposeofpreschoolsasmakingchildrenmoreindependentandselfreliantPreschoolscanoperateunderaguidingphilosophyofplaybasedoracademiclearningPlaybasedprogramsareguidedbythecentralbeliefthatchildrenlearnbestthroughplayPlayisthoughttobuildchildrensinterestandloveoflearningAcademicprogramsemphasizereadingmathandscienceandusestructuredteacherdirectedactivitiestopromotefoundationalskillsintheseareasIntheUnitedStatesthebestknownprogramdesignedtopromotefutureacademicsuccessisHeadStartTheprogramwhichstressesparentalinvolvementwasdesignedtoservethewholechildincludingchildrensphysicalhealthselfconfidencesocialresponsibilityandsocialandemotionaldevelopmentArecentevaluationsuggeststhatpreschoolerswhoparticipateinHeadStartarelesslikelytorepeatgradesandmorelikelytocompleteschoolinfutureFurthermoregraduatesofHeadStartprogramsshowhigheracademicperformanceattheendofhighschoolalthoughthegainsaremodestInadditionresultsfromothertypesofpreschoolreadinessprogramsindicatethatforeverydollarspentontheprogramtaxpayerssavedsevendollarsbythetimethegraduatesreachedtheageof27NoteveryoneagreesthatprogramsthatseektoenhanceacademicskillsduringthepreschoolyearsareagoodthingInfactaccordingtodevelopmentalpsychologistDavidElkindUnitedStatessocietytendstopushchildrensorapidlythattheybegintofeelstressandpressureatayoungageElkindarguesthatacademicsuccessislargelydependentuponfactorssuchasinheritedabilitiesandachildsrateofmaturationwhichparentscandonothingaboutConsequentlychildrenofaparticularagecannotbeexpectedtomastereducationalmaterialwithouttakingintoaccounttheircurrentlevelofcognitive认知的developmentInshortchildrenrequiredevelopmentappropriateeducationalpracticewhichiseducationthatisbasedonbothtypicaldevelopmentandtheuniquecharacteristicsofagivenchildEarlyChildhoodEducationReasonsforattendingpreschoolsThe1majorityofthebrainmaturesundertheageoffiveParentsexpectationsofpreschools2第32页共52页differvarygreatly3MechanismsFunctionsofpreschoolsSomeprograms4focusconcentrateonplayactivitieswhileothersonacademicactivitiesParentsare5involvedinsomepreschoolprogramsBenefitsofattendingpreschoolsGraduatesaremore6willingtogotoschoolGraduatesmayachievehighergradesathighschoolItcanbe7economicalcheapforhouseholdsinthelongterm8DoubtsaboutpreschoolsChildrenfeelpressuredatayoungageFactorsdeterminingacademicsuccessarebeyondparents9controlEarlychildhoodeducationmustbe10correspondagreewithchildrensdevelopmentandcharacteristics分析文章讲述了关于幼儿园的不同观点幼儿园的功能上学的一些好处以及质疑等等解答1majority理解概括题根据第一段Ithasbeensaidthathisisthetimeperiodwhenthebraindoesoverfiftypercentofitsgrowing五岁以下的孩子大脑发育超过了50故填majority2differvary理解概括题根据第二段theviewsthatdifferentsocietiesholdregardingthepurposeofearlychildhoodeducationarenotsame不同社会持有不同的观点故填differvary3MechanismsFunctions理解概括题第三段主要介绍了幼儿园的功能和作用故填MechanismsFunctions4focusconcentrate理解概括题根据第三段Preschoolscanoperateunderaguiding第33页共52页philosophyofplaybasedoracademiclearning学前班有两种指导哲学以玩乐为基础的或者以学习为导向的故填focusconcentrate5involved词性转换题根据第三段whichstressesparentalinvolvement强调父母参与故填involved6willing理解概括题根据第四段andmorelikelytocompleteschoolinfuture未来更有可能完成学业故填willing7economicalcheap理解概括题根据倒数第二段everydollarspentontheprogramtaxpayerssavedsevendollarsbythetimethegraduatesreachedtheageof27每花一美元就会省下七美元故填economicalcheap8Doubts理解概括题根据最后一段Noteveryoneagreesthatprogramsthatseektoenhanceacademicskillsduringthepreschoolyearsareagoodthing不是每个人都赞同故填doubts9control理解概括题根据最后一段whichparentscandonothingabout对此父母无能为力故填control10correspondagree理解概括题根据最后一段childrenrequiredevelopmentappropriateeducationalpractice学生的发展应该和教育实践相适应故填correspondagree6OnavisittoSussexonFebruary16thDavidCameronannouncedthatiftheConservativeswintheelectiononMay7thyoungpeoplewhoareoutofworkeducationortrainingforsixmonthswillhavetodounpaidcommunityworktogetbenefitsThespeechwaspartofapreelectionpushtoshowtheConservativePartyistoughonwelfarereformthoughcriticsinsistsuchschemesrarelypromoteemploymentThewellwornpathfromtheschoolgatedowntothejobcentreandontoalifeonbenefitshasgottobewipedawaysaidtheprimeministerThewelfarebillhasfallenabitasunemploymentdropsButthemainattempttoreformworkingagebenefitsknownasuniversalcreditUChasgoneawayIn2011MrCameronsaiditwouldbepartofthemostambitiousandfundamentalchangestothewelfaresystemsinceitbeganThelateststageofUCwasalsostartedfromFebruary16thbutitsfutureisnotcertainatallUCcombinessixworkingagebenefitsincludingtaxcreditshousingbenefitandjobseekersallowanceintoasinglepaymentItaimstoprovidethepoorestBritonswitha第34页共52页laddertoclimboutofwelfaredependencybysimplifyingasystemthatprovidesperverseincentives反常动力tostayonbenefitsratherthanworkItschampionIainDuncanSmiththesecretaryforworkandpensionsclaimsitisasmuchaboutchangingcultureasaboutsavingmoneyTheprojecthascrawledalonghittingmanyobstaclesonthewaysuchasanoverlyambitioustimetablethathadtoberesetin2013andanITsystemthathadtobeabandonedcostingtensofmillionsofpoundsMrDuncanSmithdebatedoftenwithGeorgeOsbornethehardernosedchancelloroftheexchequer财政大臣OtherproblemshavecomefromtechnicalcomplexitiessuchaslinkingthetaxsystemscomputerswiththoseatthedepartmentforworkandpensionsCriticssaythatmovingallclaimsonlineisfoolishwhenmanypeopledonotevenhaveaccesstoacomputerSimilarlyfoolishtheysayareplanstopaybenefitsmonthlyratherthanweeklytopeoplewhocannotbudgetandtogivehousingbenefittoapplicantswhomaywasteitratherthandirectlytothelandlordsoftheirgovernmentfundedhousingDefenderssaythepoorneedtobegivenmoreresponsibilityThecurrentbenefitssystemisjustprocessandpaysaysChristianGuyMrDuncanSmithsformerspeechwriternowheadoftheCentreforSocialJusticeUCmakestheassumptionofambitionThisweekslimiteddemonstrationwillmeanthat250jobcentresroughlyoneinthreewillofferUCButthesenumbersrefertoasystemusedforsinglerecipientswithnodependentsThebiggerdigitalsystemcoveringcomplexapplicantswithchildrenhasnotyetbeentestedThereasonthisweeksannouncementmeansnothingisthatwearestillnotsureifthesystemworksformostpeoplesaysJonathanPortesoftheNationalInstituteofEconomicandSocialResearchTheyreproducingasystemtheyarenotgoingtouseThegovernmenthopedthat1millionpeoplewouldbeusingUCbyApril2014butonly64000haveuseditsofarThereisnoguaranteeitwillbecarriedoutinfulleveniftheToriesformthenextgovernmentIwouldntputmoneyonUCcontinuingundereithermajorpartysaysColinTalbotoftheUniversityofManchesterOpponentssaygainswillbethelowestTheyaccuseMrDuncanSmithandhisteamoftryingtochangetheworldMrGuycontradictsAtleastsomeoneistrying第35页共52页TitleThegovernmentswelfarereformisin1troubledifficultyIntroductionDavidCameronexpressedhis2determinationtoughnesstopromotewelfarereformiftheConservativeswintheelectionPresent3SituationThewelfarebillhasdroppedbecauseofincreasing4employmentThelateststageofuniversalcredit5callednamedUCwasstartedinspiteofitsuncertainfuture6combiningsixworkingagebenefitsintoasinglepaymentObstaclesandproblemsItcausedmanydebatesamongexpertsMovingallclaimsonlineisnotpracticalbecausecomputersarenot7acessibletomanypeopleThepoorneedtobegivenmoreresponsibilityThereasonthisweekslimiteddemonstrationmeansnothingisthatwestill8doubtwonderifthesystemworksformostpeopleDifferentattitudesColinTalbotwouldntputmoneyonUC9regardlessOpponentsarenotoptimisticaboutthegainsMrGuyinsiststhattryingis10betterthanwaiting分析本文是说明文介绍了有关福利的现状实施福利改革的障碍和问题及对改革的各种不同的观点解答1troubledifficulty归纳总结题根据第二段ThewelfarebillhasfllnabitasunemploymentdropsButthemainattempttoreformworkingagebenefitsknownasuniversalcreditUChasgoneaway随着失业率的下降福利法案已经有些失败但改革工作年龄福利的尝试即普遍信贷已经不复存在以及第四段Theprojecthascrawledalonghittingmanyobstaclesontheway这个项目进展顺利途中遇到了许多障碍第五段Otherproblemshavecomefromtechnicalcomplexities其他问题来自技术的复杂性最后一段ThereisnoguaranteeitwillbecarriedoutinfulleveniftheToriesformthenextgovernment即使下一届政府由各党派组成也不能保证它能得到充分执行等信息可知政府实行的福利改革中福利支出下降出现了许多障碍进展缓慢问题复杂即福利改革陷入困境故填troubledifficulty第36页共52页2determinationtoughness细节理解题根据第一段DavidCameronannouncedthatiftheConservativeswintheelectiononMay7thyoungpeoplewhoareoutofworkeducationortrainingforsixmonthswillhavetodounpaidcommunityworktogetbenefitsThespeechwaspartofapreelectionpushtoshowtheConservativePartyistoughonwelfarereform大卫卡梅伦宣布如果保守党在5月7日的选举中获胜失业受过教育或培训达六个月的年轻人将不得不从事无报酬的社区工作以获得福利在福利改革上是艰难的可知DavidCameron宣布如果保守党竞选成功将促进福利改革toughonwelfarereform表现了他们福利改革的决心故填determinationtoughness3Situation归纳总结题根据第二段可知ThewelfarebillhasfallenabitasunemploymentdropsButthemainattempttoreformworkingagebenefitsknownasuniversalcreditUChasgoneaway随着失业率的下降福利法案有所下降但改革工作年龄福利的主要尝试即普遍信贷UC已经消失这些都是英国的福利现状故填Situation4employment词性转换题根据第二段Thewelfarebillhasfllnabitasunemploymentdrops随着失业率的下降社会福利的支出略有下降可知随着失业率的下降福利法案也有所下降失业率的下降即就业率的提高故填employment5callednamed细节理解题根据第二段workingagebenefitsknownasuniversalcreditUC工作年龄福利被称为普遍信贷可知universalcredit被叫做UC表示被叫做用过去分词作定语故填callednamed6combining词性转换题根据第三段UCcombinessixworkingagebenefitsincludingtaxcreditshousingbenefitandjobseekersallowanceintoasinglepayment将六个工作年龄的福利包括税收抵免住房福利和求职者补贴合并为一个单一的报酬可知UC综合了6项工作年龄福利与combines同义此处用ing形式故填combining7accessible词性转换题根据第五段Criticssaythatmovingallclaimsonlineisfoolishwhenmanypeopledonotevenhaveaccesstoacomputer批评人士说把所有的声明都放到网上是一种浪费因为很多人甚至都没有可知许多人没有电脑使用时把所有的索赔都搬到网上是不现实的与haveaccessto同义作系动词are的表语用形容词acessible故填acessible8doubtwonder细节理解题根据倒数第二段Thereasonthisweeksannouncementmeansnothingisthatwearestillnotsureifthesystemworksformostpeople这个星期的宣第37页共52页布并不意味着什么因为我们仍然不确定这个系统是否适用于大多数人可知仍然不确定该系统是否适用于大多数人与notsure同义故填doubtwonder9regardless推理判断题根据最后一段IwouldntputmoneyonUCcontinuingundereithermajorpartysaysColinTalbotoftheUniversityofManchesterColinTalbot说我不会把钱投在UC上让UC继续在任何一个主要政党下运作可知colinTalbot不会把钱投给UC表示无论如何故填regardless10better细节理解题根据最后一句MrGuycontradictsAtleastsomeoneistrying盖伊先生反驳道至少有人在尝试可知MrGuy认为有人尝试比等待要好所以是比较级故填better7ImaginethatworkhadtakenovertheworldItwouldbethecentrearoundwhichtherestoflifeturnedThenallelsewouldcometobesubservient服从于toworkThenslowlyalmostunconsciouslyanythingelsethegamesonceplayedthesongssungnowthelovesfulfilledthefestivalscelebratedwouldcometoresembleandfinallybecomeworkAndhowinthisworldoftotalworkwouldpeoplethinkandsoundandactEverywheretheylookedtheywouldseethepreemployedemployedpostemployedunderemployedandunemployedandtherewouldbenooneuncountedinthiscensus人口普查EverywheretheywouldpraiseandloveworkwishingeachothertheverybestforaproductivedayopeningtheireyestotasksandclosingthemonlytosleepEverywherevirtueofhardworkwouldbechampionedasthemeansbywhichsuccessistobeachievedlazinessbeingconsideredasthegravestsin罪孽Everywhereamongcontentprovidersknowledgebrokerscollaborationarchitectsandheadsofnewdivisionswouldbeheardendlesschatteraboutworkflowsaboutplansandbenchmarks基准InthisworldeatingrestingexercisingmeditatingandcommutingactoftravellingbackandforthbetweenhomeandworkwouldallbebeneficialtogoodhealthwhichwouldinturnbeputintheserviceofbeingmoreandmoreproductiveNoonewoulddrinktoomuchandsomewouldjusttakealittleofpsychedelics迷幻剂toenhancetheirworkperformanceWhatissodisturbingabouttotalworkisnotjustthatitcausesneedlesshumansufferingbutalsothatitremovestheformsofplayfulcontemplation沉思concernedwithouraskingthinkingandansweringthemostbasicquestionsofexistenceThereistobeginwithconstanttensionandominantsenseofpressureassociatedwiththethoughtthattheressomethingthat第38页共52页needstobedonealwayssomethingImsupposedtobedoingrightnowSecondlyonefeelsguiltwheneverheisnotasproductiveaspossibleTheburdencharacteroftotalworkthenisdefinedbyceaselessrestlessupsettingactivityanxietyaboutthefutureasenseoflifebeingoverwhelmingthoughtsaboutmissedopportunitiesandguiltconnectedtothepossibilityoflazinessInshorttotalworknecessarilycausesdukkhaaBuddhisttermreferringtotheunsatisfactorynatureofalifefilledwithsufferingInadditiontocausingdukkhatotalworkblocksaccesstohigherlevelsofrealityForwhatislostintheworldoftotalworkisartsdisclosureofthebeautifulreligionsglimpseofeternity永恒lovespurejoyandphilosophyssenseofwondermentafeelingofpleasantsurpriseoradmirationAlloftheserequiresilencestillnessawholeheartedwillingnesstosimplyunderstandPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsImaginationIfworkoccupiedtheworldhumanlifewould1centrecenteraroundnothingelseandtherewouldalsobean2unconsciouschangefromanythingtoworkPossibleoccurrencesHumanlifewouldbeaworksleeppatternEffortstomakeyou3efficientproductivesucceedsuccessfulatworkwouldbepraisedandlaziness4condemnedcriticizedPeopleofdifferent5professionsjobscareersoccupationswouldtalkendlesslyaboutworklikeworkflowsplansandsoonConsequencesTotalworknotonlybringsaboutsufferingbutalso6preventsstopsblocksdiscourageskeepspeoplefromhavingplayfulcontemplationTotalworktendstoputpeopleunderpressuremakingthemfeeltenseand7guiltywhentheyarenotproductiveTotalworkcausespeopletoalwaysfeel8unhappydispleasedabouttheirlifeTotalworkleavespeoplelittle9chancetimetoexploreart第39页共52页religionloveandphilosophyblockingpeoplesaccesstohigherlevelsof10reality分析本文是一篇任务型阅读主要讲述了全神贯注的工作所带来的一些优点以及缺点解答1centrecenter原词再现题根据第一段ImaginethatworkhadtakenovertheworldItwouldbethecentrearoundwhichtherestoflifeturnedThenallelsewouldcometobesubservient服从于towork想象一下工作已经占据了整个世界它将是生活的中心然后所有其他的一切都将屈从于工作可知如果工作占据了这个世界人类的生活将不再以其他事物为中心所以centrecenter符合语境故填centrecenter2unconscious词性转换题根据第段Thenslowlyalmostunconsciouslyanythingelsethegamesonceplayedthesongssungnowthelovesfulfilledthefestivalscelebratedwouldcometoresembleandfinallybecomework然后慢慢地几乎是不知不觉地其他的事情曾经玩过的游戏现在唱过的歌曲已经实现的爱情庆祝的节日都会变得相似最终成为工作可知如果工作占据了这个世界人类的生活将不再以其他事物为中心也会有一种从任何事物到工作的无意识变化所以unconscious符合语境故填unconscious3efficientproductivesucceedsuccessful细节理解题根据第二段Everywherevirtueofhardworkwouldbechampionedasthemeansbywhichsuccessistobeachievedlazinessbeingconsideredasthegravestsin罪孽在任何地方勤奋工作的美德都会被认为是获得成功的手段懒惰被认为是最严重的罪过可知使你工作效率高的努力会受到表扬懒惰会受到谴责批评所以efficientproductivesucceedsuccessful符合语境故填efficientproductivesucceedsuccessful4condemnedcriticized细节理解题根据第二段Everywherevirtueofhardworkwouldbechampionedasthemeansbywhichsuccessistobeachievedlazinessbeingconsideredasthegravestsin罪孽在任何地方勤奋工作的美德都会被认为是获得成功的手段懒惰被认为是最严重的罪过可知使你工作效率高的努力会受到表扬懒惰会受到谴责批评所以condemnedcriticized符合语境故填condemnedcriticized5professionsjobscareersoccupations推理判断题根据第二段Everywhereamongcontentprovidersknowledgebrokerscollaborationarchitectsandheadsofnewdivisions第40页共52页wouldbeheardendlesschatteraboutworkflowsaboutplansandbenchmarks基准在内容提供者知识经纪人协作架构师和新部门负责人之间随处可以听到关于工作流程计划和基准的喋喋不休可知不同职业的人会没完没了地谈论工作比如工作流程计划等等所以professionsjobscareersoccupations符合语境故填professionsjobscareersoccupations6preventsstopsblocksdiscourageskeeps细节理解题根据第四段Whatissodisturbingabouttotalworkisnotjustthatitcausesneedlesshumansufferingbutalsothatitremovestheformsofplayfulcontemplation沉思concernedwithouraskingthinkingandansweringthemostbasicquestionsofexistence总体工作之所以如此令人不安不仅仅是因为它造成了不必要的人类痛苦还因为它消除了我们对存在的最基本问题的询问思考和回答的嬉戏式沉思可知全神贯注的工作不仅会带来痛苦而且会妨碍人们进行嬉戏式的沉思所以preventsstopsblocksdiscourageskeeps符合语境故填preventsstopsblocksdiscourageskeeps7guilty词性转换题根据第四段Secondlyonefeelsguiltwheneverheisnotasproductiveaspossible其次当一个人没有尽可能多的工作时他会感到内疚可知总的工作往往会给人们带来压力使他们在没有生产力时感到紧张和内疚所以guilty符合语境故填guilty8unhappydispleased细节理解题根据第五段TheburdencharacteroftotalworkthenisdefinedbyceaselessrestlessupsettingactivityanxietyaboutthefutureasenseoflifebeingoverwhelmingthoughtsaboutmissedopportunitiesandguiltconnectedtothepossibilityoflazinessInshorttotalworknecessarilycausesdukkhaaBuddhisttermreferringtotheunsatisfactorynatureofalifefilledwithsuffering那么总体工作的负担特征是由无休止的不安宁的令人沮丧的活动对未来的焦虑压倒一切的生活感错过机会的想法以及与懒惰可能性有关的内疚所定义的简而言之总的工作必然导致苦难这是一个佛教术语指的是充满苦难的生活的不令人满意的本质可知工作总让人对自己的生活感到不快不快unhappydispleased符合语境故填unhappydispleased9chancetime细节理解题根据第六段InadditiontocausingdukkhatotalworkblocksaccesstohigherlevelsofrealityForwhatislostintheworldoftotalworkisartsdisclosureofthebeautifulreligionsglimpseofeternity永恒lovespurejoyandphilosophyssenseofwondermentafeelingofpleasantsurpriseoradmirationAlloftheserequiresilence第41页共52页stillnessawholeheartedwillingnesstosimplyunderstand除了造成苦难总工作阻碍了通往更高层次的现实因为在整个作品的世界里迷失的是艺术对美的揭示宗教对永恒的一瞥爱的纯粹的喜悦以及哲学的惊奇感一种令人愉快的惊奇或钦佩的感觉所有这些都需要安静宁静全心全意地去理解可知总的工作让人们很少有机会时间去探索艺术宗教爱情和哲学阻碍了人们接触更高层次的现实所以chancetime符合语境故填chancetime10reality原词再现题根据第六段InadditiontocausingdukkhatotalworkblocksaccesstohigherlevelsofrealityForwhatislostintheworldoftotalworkisartsdisclosureofthebeautifulreligionsglimpseofeternity永恒lovespurejoyandphilosophyssenseofwondermentafeelingofpleasantsurpriseoradmirationAlloftheserequiresilencestillnessawholeheartedwillingnesstosimplyunderstand除了造成苦难总工作阻碍了通往更高层次的现实因为在整个作品的世界里迷失的是艺术对美的揭示宗教对永恒的一瞥爱的纯粹的喜悦以及哲学的惊奇感一种令人愉快的惊奇或钦佩的感觉所有这些都需要安静宁静全心全意地去理解可知总的工作让人们很少有机会时间去探索艺术宗教爱情和哲学阻碍了人们接触更高层次的现实所以reality符合语境故填reality8SchoollunchesinJapanJapanmanagesarareachievementforadevelopedcountrywhenitcomestofeedingitschildrenhighscoresfornutritionbutverylowobesityratesOnemajorkeySchoollunchesAlandmarkreportbytheUNschildrenagencyUNICEFreleasedTuesdayshowsJapantoppingthechartsforchildhoodhealthindicatorswithlowratesofinfantmortalityandfewunderweightchildrenExpertssaytherearevariousfactorsatworkincludingahealthconscioussocietyandregularlycheckupsforchildrenrequiredbylawbutanationwideschoollunchprogramalsoplaysakeyroleSchoolluncheswithmenusthatarecreatedbynutritionistsareprovidedtoallprimaryschoolsandthemajorityofjuniorhighschoolsthroughoutJapanMitsuhikoHaraapediatricianandprofessoratTokyoKaseiGakuinUniversitytoldAFP第42页共52页Thelunchesaremandatorynopackedlunchesallowedandwhiletheyarenotfreeformosttheyareheavilysubsidized补助Eachmealisdesignedtohavearound600700caloriesbalancedbetweencarbohydratesmeatorfishandvegetablesSchoollunchisdesignedtoprovidenutritionthattendstobelackinginmealsathomeEducationMinistryofficialMayumiUedatoldAFPIthinkitcontributestothenutritionalbalancenecessaryforchildrenUnlikethecafeteriasystemoperatedinsomeWesterncountriesJapaneseschoollunchesareusuallyservedintheclassroomPupilsfrequentlydishoutthefoodtoeachotherandcleanuptheroomafterwardsThereisnochoiceofmealandnoconcessionsofferedforvegetariansoranyonewithreligiousrestrictionsThelunchesareintendednotonlytofeedchildrenbuttoteachthemTheresalsoadailybroadcastatschooltoexplainthenutritionalelementscontainedintheschoollunchofthedayandthisisagoodwaytoeducatekidsHarasaidSchoollunchispositionedaspartofeducationunderthelawUedasaidItsnotjustabouteatingfoodbutchildrenlearntoserveandcleanupontheirownTheJapanesegovernmentstudiesnutritionandeatinghabitsinJapanannuallyandusestheresultstoshapewhatgoesintotheschoolmealssheaddedAndthereareotherfactorsatworkHaraacknowledgedBecausemanyJapanesearehealthconscioustheytrytoeatavarietyoffoodwhichisgoodhesaidAndweretaughttoeatseasonalfoodwhichalsocontributestogoodhealthJapanisoneoftherarecountriesthatpaysomuchattentiontofoodthatisassociatedwithspecificseasonsheaddedHarasaidanotherfactorinJapanisregularlymandatedchildcarehealthchecksParentsofinfantsreceiveremindersfromthelocalgovernmentandchildrenaregivenhealthchecksatschoolincludingmeasuringheightandweightStillevenJapanhasnotescapedentirelythegrowingtrendtowardoverweightchildrenandchildhoodobesitywhichinJapanlikeelsewheretendstoaffectthosefromlesswealthyfamiliesChildreninpovertyaremorelikelytobeoverweightbecausefamiliestrytocutcostsHarasaidAsaresulttheyeatlessproteinbutconsumemorecarbsandsugarwhichleadstoobesity第43页共52页SchoollunchesareallthemoreimportanttochildreninsuchsituationshesaidSchoollunchesinJapanIntroductionAsisreportedbytheUNICEFJapan1rankshighinchildhoodhealthAsocialawarenessofhealthregularand2compulsorycheckupsforchildrenandanationwideschoollunchprogramaremain3factorsreasonscausesDetailsofschoollunchesRegardinghealthMenuscreatedbynutritionistsand4shapedannuallybygovernmentMeals5balancedinnutritionFoodofgreat6varietyandseasonalfoodOfficialremindersofchildcarehealthchecksRegarding7educationThelunchesareintendedtoimprovestudentsserviceconsciousnessand8independencestudentsknowledgeofnutritionalelementsProblemstobesolved9Consumptionoflessproteinbutmorecarbsandsugarin10poorfamiliesleadstotheincreasingnumberofoverweightchildreninJapan分析本文是一篇议论文主要讲述了日本在喂养孩子方面取得了一项罕见的成就营养得分高但肥胖率很低其中一个主要的关键是学校午餐解答1ranks考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力根据第二段Alandmarkreportby第44页共52页theUNschildrenagencyUNICEFreleasedTuesdayshowsJapantoppingthechartsforchildhoodhealthindicatorswithlowratesofinfantmortalityandfewunderweightchildren联合国儿童基金会UNICEF周二发布的一份具有里程碑意义的报告显示日本儿童健康指数高居榜首婴儿死亡率低体重不足的儿童很少可知ranks符合语境故填ranks2compulsory考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力根据第三段Expertssaytherearevariousfactorsatworkincludingahealthconscioussocietyandregularlycheckupsforchildrenrequiredbylawbutanationwideschoollunchprogramalsoplaysakeyrole专家说工作中有各种各样的因素包括一个注重健康的社会和定期为法律要求的儿童进行检查但全国性的学校午餐计划也起着关键作用可知requiredbylaw法律要求的也就是强制性的compulsory符合语境故填compulsory3factorsreasonscauses考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力根据第段Expertssaytherearevariousfactorsatworkincludingahealthconscioussocietyandregularlycheckupsforchildrenrequiredbylawbutanationwideschoollunchprogramalsoplaysakeyrole专家说工作中有各种各样的因素包括一个注重健康的社会和定期为法律要求的儿童进行检查但全国性的学校午餐计划也起着关键作用可知factorsreasonscauses符合语境故填factorsreasonscauses4shaped考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力根据第四段SchoolluncheswithmenusthatarecreatedbynutritionistsareprovidedtoallprimaryschoolsandthemajorityofjuniorhighschoolsthroughoutJapanMitsuhikoHara日本所有小学和大多数初中都有营养学家制作的学校午餐和菜单可知shaped符合语境故填shaped5balanced考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力根据第段SchoollunchisdesignedtoprovidenutritionthattendstobelackinginmealsathomeEducationMinistryofficialMayumiUedatoldAFPIthinkitcontributestothenutritionalbalancenecessaryforchildren学校午餐的目的是提供家庭膳食中缺乏的营养教育部官员MayumiUeda告诉法新社记者我认为它有助于儿童保持必要的营养平衡可知balanced符合语境故填balanced6variety考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力根据倒数第五段AndthereareotherfactorsatworkHaraacknowledgedBecausemanyJapanesearehealthconscioustheytrytoeatavarietyoffoodwhichisgoodhesaidAndweretaughttoeatseasonalfood第45页共52页whichalsocontributestogoodhealthJapanisoneoftherarecountriesthatpaysomuchattentiontofoodthatisassociatedwithspecificseasonsheadded原原诚司承认还有其他因素在起作用他说因为许多日本人注重健康所以他们尝试吃各种各样的食物这是好的我们还被教导吃季节性食物这也有助于身体健康日本是极少数如此重视与之相关的食物的国家之一具体季节他补充道可知variety符合语境故填variety7education考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力根据右边表格可知此处是关于对于学生的教育所以education符合语境故填education8independence考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力根据倒数第七段SchoollunchispositionedaspartofeducationunderthelawUedasaidItsnotjustabouteatingfoodbutchildrenlearntoserveandcleanupontheirown学校午餐被定位为法律规定的教育的一部分Ueda说这不仅仅是吃食物的问题孩子们还学会了自己上菜自己打扫卫生可知他们在这个过程中学会了自己的事情自己做也就是独立所以independence符合语境故填independence9Consumption考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力根据倒数第二段ChildreninpovertyaremorelikelytobeoverweightbecausefamiliestrytocutcostsHarasaidAsaresulttheyeatlessproteinbutconsumemorecarbsandsugarwhichleadstoobesity贫困儿童更容易超重因为家庭试图削减成本Hara说结果他们吃的蛋白质更少但摄入的碳水化合物和糖更多从而导致肥胖可知Consumption符合语境故填Consumption10poor考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力根据倒数第二段ChildreninpovertyaremorelikelytobeoverweightbecausefamiliestrytocutcostsHarasaidAsaresulttheyeatlessproteinbutconsumemorecarbsandsugarwhichleadstoobesity贫困儿童更容易超重因为家庭试图削减成本Hara说结果他们吃的蛋白质更少但摄入的碳水化合物和糖更多从而导致肥胖可知poor符合语境故填poor9BeliefsareourbrainswayofmakingsenseofourcomplexworldTheyarementalrepresentationsofthewaysourbrainexpectsthingsinourenvironmenttobehaveandhowthingsshouldberelatedtoeachotherthepatternsourbrainexpectstheworldtoconformtoBeliefsaremodelsforefficientlearningandareoftenkeytoonessurvivalThebrainisanenergyexpensiveorgansoithastoevolveenergyconservingefficienciesAsapredictionmachineitmusttakeshortcutsforpatternrecognitionasit第46页共52页processesthevastamountsofinformationreceivedfromtheenvironmentbyitssenseorganoutgrowthsBeliefsallowthebraintodistillcomplexinformationenablingittoquicklyclassifyandevaluateinformationandtojumptoconclusionsInitsneedforeconomyandefficiencyofenergyconsumptionthetendencyofthebrainistofitnewinformationintoitsexistingframeworkforunderstandingtheworldratherthanrepeatedlyreconstructthatframeworkfromscratchItseemslikelythattheprocessesinthebraininvolvedinabstractbeliefformationevolvesfromsimplerprocessesinvolvedininterpretingsensoryperceptionSinceweexperiencetheworldentirelythroughoursenseswefindithardtoacceptthattheseopinionsaresometimessubjectivelymisrepresentedandthattheyarenotnecessarilyreliableexperiencesofobjectiverealityPeopletendtotrusttheirphysicalsensesandtobelievetheiropinionsnomatterhowstrangetheirperceptualdistortionsarePeoplewilllayerexplanationsontopoftheirperceptionofrealitytoexplainawaycontradictionsWegiveoursubjectiveexperiencetoomuchtrustandsotooourbeliefsWewillmorereadilyexplainawayevidencethatcontradictsourcherishedbeliefbyexpandinganddescribingthatbeliefwithadditionallayersofdistortedexplanationratherthanabandoningitorfundamentallyrestructuringitSciencevaluesthechangingofmindsthroughdisprovingpreviouslyheldbeliefsandchallengingreceivedauthoritywithnewevidenceSciencerequirestrainingItisadisciplinedmethodthattriestosystematicallyovercomeorbypassourintuitionsandcognitivebiasesandfollowtheevidenceregardlessofourpriorbeliefsexpectationsorpreferencesTheincreasingapplicationofthescientificmethodinthelastfourcenturieshaspromotedunprecedentedprogressinhumanitysquesttounderstandthenatureofrealityandmadevastimprovementsinqualityoflifeDiscoveringjusthowmistakenwecollectivelywereaboutsomanythingshasbeenthekeytosensationalsocietalprogressTheshortcutsin1predictingtheenvironmentBeliefsareourwayto2understandtheworldBeliefsmodelwaystolearnefficientlyandenableusto3surviveBeliefsallowthebraintosummarizeclassifyandevaluate第47页共52页informationThe4reasonsfordifficultiesinchangingbeliefsTosaveenergyourbrainstendto5applytheexistingframeworktothenewinformationratherthanreconstructit6InterpretationofsensoryperceptionisimportanttoabstractbeliefformationBecauseofourwaytoexperiencetheworlditishardforustoadmitour7misunderstandingmisrepresentationaboutobjectiverealityWearetoo8confidentaboutoursubjectiveexperienceandbeliefsTheexcitementofprovingourselveswrongScience9challengesovercomesbypassesourintuitionsandcognitivebiasesOur10discoveryawarenessofourmisinterpretationoftheworldwillbenefitthedevelopmentofsociety分析本文是一篇任务型阅读信念是我们大脑理解我们复杂世界的方式它们是我们大脑对环境中事物行为方式的心理表征以及事物应该如何相互关联我们的大脑期望世界遵循这些模式解答1predicting主旨大意题根据右边表格可知此处是预测环境的捷径所以predicting符合语境故填predicting2understand细节理解题根据第一段Beliefsareourbrainswayofmakingsenseofourcomplexworld信念是我们大脑理解我们复杂世界的方式可知信仰是我们认识世界的途径所以understand符合语境故填understand3survive词性转换题根据第一段Beliefsaremodelsforefficientlearningandareoftenkeytoonessurvival信念是有效学习的模式通常是一个人学习的关键生存可知信念是有效学习并使我们得以生存的模式所以survive符合语境故填survive4reasons主旨大意题根据右边表格可知此处是转变信仰困难的原因所以reasons符合语境故填reasons5apply细节理解题根据第三段Initsneedforeconomyandefficiencyofenergyconsumptionthetendencyofthebrainistofitnewinformationintoitsexistingframework第48页共52页forunderstandingtheworldratherthanrepeatedlyreconstructthatframeworkfromscratch为了节约能源和提高能源消耗的效率大脑倾向于将新的信息融入现有的理解世界的框架中而不是从头开始重复地重建这个框架可知为了节省能源我们的大脑倾向于将现有的框架应用于新的信息而不是重建它所以apply符合语境applyto应用于故填apply6Interpretation细节理解题根据第四段Itseemslikelythattheprocessesinthebraininvolvedinabstractbeliefformationevolvesfromsimplerprocessesinvolvedininterpretingsensoryperception大脑中参与抽象信念形成的过程似乎是从解释感官知觉的简单过程演变而来的可知感官知觉的解释对抽象信念的形成具有重要意义所以Interpretation符合语境故填Interpretation7misunderstandingmisrepresentation词性转换题根据第五段Sinceweexperiencetheworldentirelythroughoursenseswefindithardtoacceptthattheseopinionsaresometimessubjectivelymisrepresentedandthattheyarenotnecessarilyreliableexperiencesofobjectivereality由于我们完全是通过感官来体验世界的我们很难接受这样一个事实这些观点有时主观上被曲解了它们不一定是客观现实的可靠经验可知由于我们体验世界的方式我们很难承认我们对客观现实的误解误解所以misunderstandingmisrepresentation符合语境故填misunderstandingmisrepresentation8confident细节理解题根据第五段PeopletendtotrusttheirphysicalsensesandtobelievetheiropinionsnomatterhowstrangetheirperceptualdistortionsarePeoplewilllayerexplanationsontopoftheirperceptionofrealitytoexplainawaycontradictions人们倾向于相信他们的身体感官相信他们的观点不管他们的知觉扭曲是多么奇怪人们会在他们对现实的感知之上分层解释以消除矛盾可知我们对自己的主观经验和信念过于自信所以confident符合语境beconfidentabout对自信故填confident9challengesovercomesbypasses原词再现题根据第七段Itisadisciplinedmethodthattriestosystematicallyovercomeorbypassourintuitionsandcognitivebiasesandfollowtheevidenceregardlessofourpriorbeliefsexpectationsorpreferences它是一种严谨的方法试图系统地克服或绕过我们的直觉和认知偏见不管我们先前的信念期望或偏好跟随证据可知科学挑战克服绕过我们的直觉和认知偏见所以challengesovercomesbypasses符合语境故填challengesovercomesbypasses10discoveryawareness词性转换题根据最后一段Discoveringjusthowmistakenwe第49页共52页collectivelywereaboutsomanythingshasbeenthekeytosensationalsocietalprogress发现我们在许多事情上的集体错误是取得轰动性社会进步的关键可知我们发现意识到我们对世界的误解将有利于社会的发展所以discoveryawareness符合语境故填discoveryawareness10IoncehadasuperiorNataliewhowasrepeatedlylateShewouldraceintotheofficeeverymorningstressedandveryuntidyandshedalwayshavetoreschedulemeetingsIalmosthadapanicattackoncewhenshearrivedjust17secondsbeforeourflightclosedforboardingonanimportantbusinesstripIveknownafewpeoplelikeNatalieandIalwaysthinkHowdotheydoitImeanisntitsoanxietyinducingtoalwaysraceagainsttheclockIftheytakeafewminutesforpreparationandthinkaheadeverythingwillbemucheasierNataliesapproachdidntdoheranyfavorthatsforsureHerlackoforganizationmeantshenevergotselectedforleadershiprolesandshewasntconsideredforthepromotionshewantedItwasntsurprisingThegoodnewsisthatpunctualityisnotageneAnyonecanmasteritHereshowyoucanstayonoraheadofschedule99ofthetimeRefusetotakeontoomuchOverscheduledpeopleruntheriskofbeinglatebecausetheysqueezemoreintotheircalendarthana24hourslot时段willallowHeyyoucantfitseveneggsintoahalfdozenboxwithoutamessThisonesimplerulewilltransformyourlifeWhatcanyouscratchofftheagendabeforeyouevenbegintodayGetrealwithyourselfhereWhatcanyousaynotoinordertogiveyourbesttothestuffthatreallymattersSetasideafewminutestoplanLookatyourdaythenightbeforeorfirstthinginthemorningwheredoyouhavetobeandbywhenWhatdoyouhavetodoandhowlongwilleachtasktakeyouAllyouhavetodoisabitoftimebudgetingSayyouhavethreetaskstocompleteandtwomeetingsthatbothrequirealittlepreparationandtraveltimeScheduleanapproximatetimeforeachofthreetasksandgiveyourselfsomeextratimeincaseyouneedalittlelongerthanyouthink第50页共52页HavesomenecessitieshandyWithoutdryshampooanaccessory配饰collectionthatmatchesabasicblackgarmentandabrightlipstickinhandbaggettingreadywouldtakemeatleast30minutesmoreperdayWhenyouhavesomesuchtimesavingstuffinyourlifeyourappearanceremainsstronginaveryshortperiodoftimeStartbatching批量处理WhetheryoureplanningFacebookupdatessendingemailsorevenmakeahead可预先准备的mealsfortheweekbatchingisatimesaverOnceyoureinashoppingwritingorsocialmediamindsetperfectthatbythinkingafewdaysoraweekoutAworkingmomsharedwithmethesecretofbatchingmealschoresandevenpayingbillsonlineTryityouwontgobackBePunctualBeReliableAn1exampleinstancestorytoillustratethesignificanceofpunctualityNatalieslifeandworkwereofteninamesson2accountofbeingfrequentlylate3LackingorganizationitsnotsurprisingthatshedidntgetpromotedPreparingandthinkingaheadwillmakepeopleeasierinsteadofbeinganxious4ApproachestobeingpunctualBe5responsibleforproperworkPeoplewitha6tightschedulemayriskbeinglatethereforeitissignificanttocancelsomeworkandlearntodeclinesomerequeststoperformwellonvitalissues7SpareafewminutestoplanExamineyourscheduleinadvance8BudgetsufficienttimeincaseofneedinglongertimeMakethingsyouneedForaladygoodslikedry第51页共52页easilyavailableshampooanaccessorycollectionalongsideabrightlipstickwillhelptodressupand9makeupquicklySortoutanddealwiththingstogetherWhileinashoppingwritingorsocialmediamindsetarrangethemtogetheringroupstomakesuchaprocessmore10efficienttimesaving分析本文是一篇说明文主要介绍了能够按时完成任务的好的方法解答1exampleinstancestory主旨大意题根据第一段和第二段的IveknownafewpeoplelikeNatalie我认识一些像娜塔莉这样的人可知用作者举例说明要讨论的问题所以用exampleinstancestory表示例子故填exampleinstancestory2account细节推理题根据第一段的NataliewhowasrepeatedlylateShewouldraceintotheofficeeverymorningstressedandveryuntidyandshedalwayshavetoreschedulemeetings娜塔利经常迟到她每天早上都会跑到办公室紧张又不整洁她总是不得不重新安排会议可知用on2accountof表示导致故填account3Lacking细节推理题根据第二段的HerlackoforganizationmeantshenevergotselectedforleadershiprolesandshewasntconsideredforthepromotionshewantedItwasntsurprising她缺乏组织意味着她从来没有被选为领导角色也没有考虑到她想要的晋升这并不奇怪可知用Lacking故填Lacking4Approaches主旨大意题根据第三段的Hereshowyoucanstayonoraheadofschedule99ofthetime以下是你如何在99的时间里继续或提前计划可知下文主要介绍准时的方法所以用名词Approaches故填Approaches5responsible考查同义词根据第四段的标题Refusetotakeontoomuch可知用responsible表示拒绝承担太多只负责适量的工作故填6tight考查同义词根据第一个小标题中的Overscheduledpeopleruntheriskofbeinglatebecausetheysqueezemoreintotheircalendarthana24hourslot时段willallow计划超时的人有迟到的风险因为他们在日历上挤的时间比24小时允许的时间多可知用第52页共52页tight表示紧张的时间安排故填responsible7Spare考查同义词根据第二个小标题Setasideafewminutestoplan可知用Spare表示匀出时间做计划故填Spare8Budget考查同义词根据第二个小标题里的Scheduleanapproximatetimeforeachofthreetasks为三个任务中的每一个任务安排一个近似的时间可知用表示Budget规划故填Budget9make考查同义词根据第三个小标题里的abrightlipstick口红可知用makeup表示化妆故填make10efficienttimesaving考查同义词根据第四个小标题的WhetheryoureplanningFacebookupdatessendingemailsorevenmakeahead可预先准备的mealsfortheweekbatchingisatimesaver无论你是在计划脸谱网更新发送电子邮件或者甚至提前一周做餐批量都是节省时间的可知用efficienttimesaving表示高效省时故填efficienttimesaving