英文笔记

初一上一firstnamegivennamefamilynamelastname二play球类playthe琴类三给某人打电话callsbat电话号码四inthewall在墙上门窗洞onthewall在墙上图片照片衣服inthetree在树上鸟454545外来的onthetree在树上苹果45在树上inthehospital在医院inhospital住院begoodwith与相处好begoodfor对有益nextto挨着betweenand在之间infrontof在前面inthefrontof在前部ontheleftrightsideof在左右边takeaway拿走或带走putaway把收好watchsthonTV在电视上看befriendlyto对友好五修饰物体ing修饰人edInteresting修饰物Interested修饰人六属于哪个球队用介词ONforsale待售onsale低价出售bestseller畅销sellout售完七look看see看见listen4545听hear听见lookfor寻找find找到八形容词修饰不定代词后置Somethingnewanybodyanyone九各种说的用法1speak语言例HespeaksEnglishwellspeaktosb例MayIspeaktoMrLiplease2say内容saysthin语言例CanyousayitinEnglishsaytosb说话内容例Hesaystomethathecanplaythepiano3talkwithsb和某人谈话双方谈talktosb和某人谈话一方谈一方听talkaboutsbsth谈论某人或某事TheyretalkingaboutMrLi4tellsbsth告诉某人某事tellsbsthtellsthtosb告诉某人某事tellsbaboutsbsth告诉某人关于某人某事Hetellsmeabouthisfamilytellsbnottodosth告诉某人不要做某事OurteachertellsustolistentohercarefullyOurteachertellsusnottogotoschoollatetellsbthat宾语从句十enjoyoneselfhaveagoodgreattimehavefun过得愉快helponeselftosth自便byoneself独自foroneself亲自takegoodcareofyourselflookafteryourselfwell保重十一eachEachof限定词可数名词复数Eachof代词宾格复数做主语时谓语动词用单数例句EachofushasabookWeeachhaveabookEach后可以加ofeachofevery后不能加of十二限定词用法顺序1限定词A或AN2描述形容词3表示大小4表示新旧的形容词5表示颜色的形容词最后加名词例如asmallyellowbox十三介词用法at具体某一点几点钟On星期几in年in月on具体某一天in月年on月日on月日年In季节零介词thisthat大时间thisyear零介词everyeach时间everyeachyear零介词lastnext时间lastnextmonth在早上上午晚上inthemorningafternoonevening在中午深夜atnoonnight在具体某一天早中晚onthemorningafternoonevening零介词todaytomorrowyesterdaybestwishesforsthtosb为某事给某人最好的祝愿bestrickwithsbinsth在某方面对某人要求严格十四一alittle1小的接可数名词单数Lucyisalittlegirl2一点少量接不可数名词表肯定IkowalittleEnglish3有一点修饰副词Ilikeapplesalittle4有点修饰形容词或副词原级kindofalittlebitabit5有点修饰形容词或副词比较级Mybrotherisalittletallerthanme6一点泛指Ikownalittleaboutcomputers二Little几乎没有接不可数名词表否定Thereislittlemeatinthefridge几乎没有泛指单用表否定三afew有几个有一点接可数名词复数表肯定Ihaveafewgoodfriends四few几乎没有接可数名词复数表否定Hehasfewfriends五alotalotverymuch非常ThankyouverymuchThankyoualotalotmuch修饰修饰形容词或副词比较级alotoflotsofmuch不可数名词也可以alotoflotsofmany可数名词复数六toomuch太多不可数名词muchtoo4545太toomany45可数名词复数不存在manytoo十五时间表上法1整点整时小时oclocktenoclock2非整点整时1正接法小时分钟1005tenfive1015tenfifteen1030tenthirty2逆接法半小时以前超过的分钟past当前小时1005fivepastten15分钟用quarter半小时halfpast当前小时1030halfpastten半小时以后不足分钟to下一个小时15分钟用quarter1045aquartertoeleven1055fivetoeleven十六感叹句whataan形容词可数名词单数主be例Whatanicecatitiswhat形容词可数名词复数主be例Whatdeliciouscakestheyarewhat形容词不可数名词主be例WhatgoodnewsitisHow形容词aan可数名词单数主be例句HowgoodaboyheisHow形容词主be备注主语通常用the名词替代例句HowclevertheboyisHow副词主实意动词例句Howcarefullyheislistening初一下Unit1国家国籍城市语言人单数人复数ChinaChineseBeijingChineseChineseChineseJapanJapaneseTokyoJapaneseJapaneseJapaneseAmericaAmericanNewYorkEnglishAmericanAmericansCanadaCanadianTorontoEnglishCanadianCanadiansAustraliaAustralianSydneyEnglishAustralianAustraliansEnglandEnglishmanlondonEnglishEnglishmanEnglishmenFranceFrenchmanParisFrenchFrenchmanFrenchmenGermanyGermanBerlinGermanGermanGermansSingaporeSingaporeanSingaporeEnglishSingaporeanSingaporeansGermansspeakGermaninGermany4545德国人说德语在德国一befromcomefromattheageof在岁的时候when二intheworldaroundtheworldallovertheworldthroughouttheworld全世界Unit2一介词用法1在后面behind2在后部atthebavkof3在附近nearbeside4在对过acrossfromontheothersideofoppositeto5在邻近地区intheneighbourhoodaroundherearoundnear6在街道上onthestreet在中央大街oncenterstreet7在北面在境内inthenorthof在北面不接壤tothenorthof在北面接壤onthenorthof8在第五大道onthefifthavenveonFifthAvenve二throughacross穿过through从中间穿过gothroughtheforestacross从表面穿过goacrosstheroadbridge动词acrosscross动词pastpassYougopastabankYoupassabank三三个到达arrive后可不加地点单用Pleasetellmewhenhewillarrivearrive后加地点时大地点用in小地点用atArriveinBeijinggetto地点不可单用gettoschoolgethomereach直接加地点不可单用Hereachedshanghaiyesterday四way用法在去的路上ononeswayto通往的路thewayto顺便说一下bytheway以这种方式inthisway在某种程度上inawayUnit3一感官动词宾语do表示经常性发生或发生完毕感官动词宾语doing正在发生二else后不能加名词三两者之间一个另一个onetheother四SpendsometimesomemoneyonsthSpendsometimesomemoneyindoingsth例句IspentfiveyuanonabookIspentfiveyuaninbuyingabook五sometimesattimesfromtimetotimesometime某时4545454545when提问词sometime一段时间45454545howlong提问词sometimes一些次454545howmanytimes提问词六forgetremembertodo忘记记得去做某事forgetrememberdoging忘记记得做过了某事七stoptodo停下来去做另一件事stopdoing停下来正在做的stopsbfromdoing阻止某人做某事八begetinterestedinsthIamgetinterestedinEnglishbegetinteresteddoing例句HeisgetinterestedinplayingcomputergamesUnit51The姓family或The姓S或MrandMrs做主语谓语动词用复数例TheGreenfamilyTheGreensMrandMrsGreen2WhatdoyouthinkofHowdoyoulike3度假454545takeavacationUnit6Surprising修饰物例如WhatsurprisingnewsitisSurprised修饰人1besurprisedatsth例Imsurprisedatnews2besurprisedtodosth例Imsurprisedtoseehim3besurprisedthat宾语例Imsurprisedthathewillcometomorrow另某人惊讶toonessurprise惊讶地insurprise例HeaskedinsurpriseUnit7一中等身材mediumbuild中等身高mediumheight例如HesofmediumbuildHehasamediumbuildHesnotheavyandthin二whatelsewhatotherthing三stop用法1stopdoing2stoptodostopsbfromdoing阻止某人做某事四戴眼镜wearglass戴眼镜的withglass长胡须4545haveabeard也可用withalongbeard五bepopularwith对受欢迎Unit8一wouldlikewant1wouldlikesbsth2wouldliketodosth3wouldlikesbtodosth二想出45comeupwith的理由thereasonfor及时Intime准时ontime有时attimefromtimetotimesometimesUnit9一studyforthetest为了测试而学习二1beafraidofsth2beafraidtodosth3beafraidthat宾语从句三四大花费1spendsometimemoneyonsth例Ispentfiveyuanonthebookspendsometimemoneyindoingsthin可加可不加例Ispentfiveyuaninbuyingthebookspend主语是人2pay金钱forsth例Ipaidfiveyuanforthebookpay主语是人3cost人金钱例Thebookcostmefiveyuancost主语是人物4Ittakestookwilltakesbsometimesimemoneytodosth例Ittookmefiveyuantobuythebook四1Ittimeforsbtodosth2Ittimeforsbforsth3Ittimeforsbfordoingsth五认为45thinkof考虑45thinkabout仔细考虑45thinkoverUnit10一findsbdoingsth例Ifoundaboycryinginthecorner二decidetodosthmakeadecisiontodost三whatdoyouthinkofhowdoyoulike四standdoing忍受去做某事五mind用法1minddoing例Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow2mindonesdoing例Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow3mindif从句例WouldyoumindifIopenthewindow4头脑主意想法他改变了想法HechangedhismindUnit11一1agreewithsb同意某人Idontagreewithyou2agresstodosth同意做某事HeagreedtomeetmeUnit12一havetomustordersbtodosth二inonesopinon以某人之见三1anumberof可数名词复数很多Anumberofstudentslikegoingtolibrarytoday2thenumberof的数目Thethenumberofstudentsinourschoolis1000thenumberof做主语时谓语动词用单数四Itsonesturntodosth轮到某人做某事初二上Unit1一特殊疑问词对频率副词提问howoften多久一次频率副词有alwayallthetimeusuallyoftensometimeshardlyseldomevernevertwiceadayweekmonthyeareverydaymonthweekyear例Heexercisesthreeorfourtimesaweek对括号内提问Howoftendoesheexercise对次数提问howmanytimes多少次例如IhavebeentoBeijingtwice对括号内提问HowmanytimeshaveyoubeentoBeijing对段时间提问howlong例Ittakesme3hourstopracticetheguitareverydayHonglongdoseittakeyoutopracticetheguitareveryday对in段时间提问howsoon4545多久以后例如Hewillcomebackintwoyears45对括号内提问Howsoonwillhecomeback对距离提问howfar例如Myhomeis3kilometersawayfromschoolHowfarisyourhomefromschool二的结果45theresultof作为一种结果45asaresult对产生的结果45theresultfor三试一试haveatry努力做某事trytodosth尝试着做某事45Trydongingsth竭尽全力做某事tryonesbesttodosthUnit2一ill与sickill只做表语例如HeisillSick可做定语表语例如Heisasickboy二hope用法1hopetodo2hopethat从句三beangrywithsbatsth四1hearof听说例如Ihearofhim2hearfromreceivealetterfrom收到某人来信3hearthatUnit3一plantodo例如IplantovisitBeijingnextmonth二returngetgocomebackto例如IwillreturntoYichunnextweek三1leave出发地2leavefor目的地四把某物落在某地有地点用left无地点用forget五1sendsbsthsendsthtosb2发射45sendup3派人去请45sendfor4词组推迟putoff想出来comeupwith相处getalongwith六1befamousfor45因为而出名2befamousas作为而出名Famouswellkown七1forgettodo2forgetdong3remembertodo4rememberdoingtodo去做donging做过了八1decideon2decidetodoUnit4一365threehundredandsixtyfive1百前无具体数字时百前不加S后也不加of例如twohundredtrees二百棵树2百前无具体数字时百加S后加of例如hundredsoftrees成百棵树3当中的几百twohundredofthetrees树当中的两百棵二Howdoyougogettoschool1Igogettoschoolby交通工具bussubwaytrainshipplaneboatcarbiketaxi2Igogettoschoolon限定词aanthe交通工具bussubwaytrainshipplaneboatbike3Igogettoschoolin限定词aanthe交通工具cartaxi4Igogettoschoolonfoot三dependonsth依靠某物四alargenumberof可数名词复数谓语动词复数意思为一大批例如AlargenumberofstudentsgotoschoolbybusThenumberof限定词可数名词复数谓语动词单数意思为的数目例如Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolis1500Unit5一1invitesbtosp邀请某人到某地2invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事二comeoverto顺便拜访comeupwith想出来Unit6一whatdoyoumeanbydoingwhatisthemeaningofsthwhatdoesitmeaning二thesameas与一样HehasisthesameageasmeHeisasoldasmeAsfarasme对我而言asyoucansee就像你能看见一样三aswellasHeaswellashismotherlikesswimming四Asadjadv原级aspossibleonecanYoumustreturmassoonaspossibleyoucanHedidhishomeworkascarefullyaspossiblehecould五both1例句BothofusareteachersWearebothteachers例句Therearetreesonbothsidesofroadboth复数either单数both在主语BE动词助动词情态动词后在实义动词前TheybothworkhardHeisbothtallandstrongIlikebothofthem连接并列句时谓语动词用复数BothheandIareteathers六morethanover七soundadjsoundlikenThatsoundslikeagoodideaGetonwith相处进展getonwellwith相处好八beatsb队win奖金奖品奖牌win人说服了某人九information不可数例句HegivemeAtwoinformationsBtwopieceofinformationCsomeinformation备注选C正确B选项若改成twopiecesofinformation即正确十bothand谓语动词是原形即复数以下词组谓语动词与Therebe一样就近原则eitheror或者或者neithernor既不也不notonlybutaslo不但而且例如notonlyIbutalsohelikesnotonlyhebutalsoIlike十一sick做表语和定语ill只做定语HeisillsickHeisasickmanUnit7Unit8IntheendfinallyatlastAttheendof时间地点在末无intheendofbytheendof到末为止Unit9一Whenandwherewereyouborn对时间与地点提问when在前二各类参加用法Takepartin参加活动Joinsb组织in活动Enter组织attend会议三becauseofasaresultofduetoowingto四Therebe句型的一般将来时ThereisgoingtobeTherewillbe例句ThereisgoingtoCabasketballgameinourschoolnextweekAisBareCbeDhaveBegoingto地点例如IamgoingtoasummercampBegoingonn例如IamgoingonapicnictomorrowBegoingforn例如HeisgoingfordinnertonightBegoingdoing例如Heisgoingfishingthisafternoon五TherearemanyforeignersforeigninChinaeveryyearIamgoingtolearnaforeignforeignlanguage六Theyarebuildingbuildabuildingbuild七主将从现即主句是将来时态或主句为祈使句主句中有情态动词或主句中有want或hope等词时从句用现在时态例句IdontknowwhenpleasecallmewhenAhecomeshecomesBhewillcomehewillcomeChewillcomehecomesDhecomeshewillcome答案C八一至二年ayearortwooneortwoyears两年半twoyearsandahalftwoandahalfyears九sendsbsthsendsthtosbUnit111Workonsth从事于忙于2Borrowsthborrowsthfromsb3Lendsbsthlendsthtosb4invitesbtospinvitesbtodosth5feedsbwithonsthfeedsthtosb用法一beginwith以开始Webeginourclasswithasongbegindoing或begintodo二startdoing或starttodolovedoinglovetodo三thanksforn或thanksfordoingsth四need用法人needsbsth人needtodosth人needsbtodosth物needdoing五help用法helpsbhelpsthhelptodosthhelpsbwithsthhelpsbtodosth例句HeoftenhelpsmewithmyhomeworkHeoftenhelpsmedomyhomework六wantsbIwantanEnglishteacherWantsthIwantsomeflowersWanttodosthIwanttowatchesTVWantsbtodosthIwanttoyoutolearnEnglishwell七bebusywithsthbebusydoingsth八1asksbsth例Heaskaquestion2asksbsth例Heaskmeaquestion3asksbaboutsbsth4asksbsthaboutsbsth5asksbnottodosth要求某人做不做某事6asksbif特殊疑问句Heaskmewheremyfathercomefrom一加doing形式likedongingbebusydoing或bebusywith2介词doingthanksfordoingbegoodatdoingdowellindoingwhataboutdoingbeforedoingafterdoing3practicepractisedoing4finishdoing5godoing6felllikedoing7havefundoing8canthelpdoing情不自禁做某事9beusedtoding习惯做某事10bydoing二todo1wanttodosth2wouldliketodosth3wantsbtodosth4itstimeforsbtodosth5wouldlikesbtodosth6tellsbtodosth7asksbtodosth8likesbtodosth9cantwaittodosth迫不及待做某事10序数词后todo例如Hesthefirsttocometotheclassroom11在宾语从句中把复合句变为简单句应用不定式形式例如1IdontknowwhereIshouldgo变简单句为Idontknowwheretogo2IdontknowwhatIshoulddo变简单句为Idontknowwhattodo3CanyoutellmewhenIwillleave变简单句为Canyoutellmewhentoleave三do1Letsdo2情态动词do3whynotdo4hadbetterdo5shoulddo6beableto重点句型aswellas又也Abottletwoglassesisneededforexperiment实验SogetthesethingsreadybefortomorrowmorningAandBorCaswellasaswellas连接并列句谓语动词与第一个保持一致题中IS指Abottle动名词做主语谓语动词用单数Playingsoccerisdifficuit频率副词在主语后BE动词后助动词后情态动词后实意动词前HedoesntoftengotoschoolbybusHewithhismothergoesgototheparkonSundaywithhismother表示伴随不算主语之内MyjobistoteachteachEnglishoneof代词宾格复数做主语谓语动词用单数例OneofthemhasabookOneofmysistersisagoodnurseoneof限定词形容词最高级可数名词复数例EnglishisoneofthemostimportantsubjectsanschoolWhydoyouhaveapartyWhatdoyouhaneapartyforMymotherlikesgoinggoshoppingshopIhaveacatnamedmimiIhaveacatwiththenameofmimiLetushaveapicnicwillyouLetshaveapicnicshallweThatsoundsgood改一般疑问句Doesthatsoundgoodmake用法make宾语形容词例Booksmakemehappymake宾语do例Booksmakemefeelhappykeep用法keep宾语形容词例Wemustkeeptheclassroomcleanmake宾语doing例Hekeptmewaitingforhimalongtimetellaskwantwouldlikelikethinkneed宾语todotellaskwantwouldlikelikethinkneed宾语nottodoTheboxistooheavyforustocarryTheboxisntlightenoughforustocarryHerunssofastthatwecantcatchupwithhimHerunstoofastforustocatchupwithuntiltill延肯终否即主句的谓语动词是延时性until用于肯定句主句的谓语动词是终止性until用于否定句notuntil昨晚我一直等到他回来Iwaitforhimuntilhecomeback商店直到八点才开门Theshopdoesntopenuntil8oclock直到雨停了我才出来Iwontgooutuntiltherainsstops昨晚直到他回来我才上床睡觉IdidntgotobeduntilhecomebackIgotobedafterhecomebackIdidntgotobedbeforehecomebackTomwenttoschoolafterhewassevenTomdidntgotoschooluntilhewassevenenoughadj足够的Hehasenoughmoneyadv足够地修饰形容词或副词后置形容词或副词原级enoughtodoHeissooldthathecanlookafterhimselfHeisoldenoughtolookafterhimself形容词或副词原级enoughforsbtodoTheweatherissogoodthatwecanswimintheseaTheweatherisgoodenoughforustoswimintheseaTheboxwassolightthatwecouldcarryitTheboxwaslightenoughforustocarrynot形容词或副词原级enoughtodo不足够怎样以至于HeissoyoungthathecantgotoschoolTheboyistooyoungtogotoschoolTheboyisntoldenoughtogotoschoolnot形容词或副词原级enoughforsbtodoThemathproblemwassodifficultthatwecouldntworkitoutThemathproblemwasnteasyenoughforustoworkoutHerunssofastthatwecantcatchupwithhimHedoesntrunslowlyenoughforustocatchupwithHismotherneedslookingafterHismotherneedstobelookedafter24haveaharddifficulttimeindoingsth在做某事方面有难度25肯定句sobe助动词情态动词新主语翻译也是HeisateachersoanIHecanswimsocansheMyfatherlikesreadingsodoesmymotherso原主语be助动词情态动词翻译的确是HeisafamousactorsoheisTheboyisverytallsoheis26比较级别1比较级and比较级HeisbecomingtallerandtallerYichunisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful2the比较级从句the比较级从句Themorecarefulyouarethefewermistakesyoullmake3无论第几大都用最高级TheYelloeRiveristhesecondlongestriverintheworld4隐身比较级LucyisntasquietasLilyLilyisquieterthanLucy5begoodatdowellinHeisbetteratchemistrythanme6oncetwicethreetimeas形容词或副词原级asTheroomisfourtimesaslargeasthatone7fewer可数名词复数less不可数名词Canyoufinishtheworkwithfewerpeopleandlessmoney8修饰比较级词语abitalittlemuchalotagreatdealQuiteagoodboyaverygoodboy9Johnis22yearsoldJudyis20yearsold连词成句JohnistwoyearsolderthanJudyJudyistwoyearsyoungerthanJohn10比较级和最高级切换最高级比较级thananyother可数单数最高级比较级thanmanyalltheother可数复数最高级比较级thananyoneanybodyelseLileiisthetallestinourclassLileiistallerthananyotherstudentinourclassLileiistallerthanalltheotherstudentsinourclassLileiistallerthananyoneanybodyelseinourclass11当两者之中特指某一个时必须用theCPaulisofthetwochildreninhisfamilythemostfallestBthefallestCthefallerDfaller12比较级题中代替上文单数用that代替上文复数用thoseThisshirtischeaperthanthatintheshop13oneof限定词形容词最高级可数名词复数MrWangisoneofthemostpopularteachersinourschool14morethanone单数名词做主语时谓语动词用单数morethanone直接做主语时谓语动词用复数