英语-人教版-一轮复习-20版：(浙鲁琼辽)第2节　议论文型概要写作(步步高).docx-39.概要写作（浙江）-写作专题-学案.docx

第2节议论文型概要写作写作技巧点拨议论文通常包括论点论据和结论三部分因此写议论文的概要首先要找出主题句thetopicsentences支撑句supportingsentences和结论句conclusionsentences其中最主要的是找准主题句概要模板论点论据结论有些文章没有结论句典例剖析阅读下面短文根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要GettingridofdirtintheopinionofmostpeopleisagoodthingHoweverthereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirtIntheearly16thcenturypeoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdiseaseasmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsinAparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbathsBy1538theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdomSodidthekingofEnglandin1546ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlywayHenryKingofFrancewasfamouslydirtyUponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabaththekingorderedthattoavoidtheattackofdiseasethenoblemanshouldnotgooutThoughthebeliefinthemerit好处ofdirtwaslongliveddirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboureversincethe18thcenturyScientificallyspeakingcleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealthCleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdiseaseYetitseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarAdvertisementsrepeatedlyselltheideaclothesneedtobewhiterthanwhiteclothseversoftersurfacestoshineHasthehatefordirthowevergonetoofarAttitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadaysManyfirsttimeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirtwhichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdiseaseOnthecontraryMaryRuebushanAmericanimmunologist免疫学家encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystemAndthelatter后者的positionisgainingsomeground思路点拨通读全文可知这是一篇议论文本文的论点为第一段谈论从古至今人们对皮肤上污物的态度的变化第二三四段为论据本文没有结论句一要点分析1文章第一段就是本篇文章的主题句亮明了总的观点Howeverthereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt换句话说Differentpeoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsdirt再结合下文谈到的主题可知Differentpeoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsdirtontheskin范文中的要点1Peoplehavemixedopinionstowardsdirtonourskin概括非常精炼2第二段主要谈到了在16世纪人们认为dirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease尤以英法两国的贵族为代表结合第三段第一句Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslongliveddirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboureversince18thcentury可知直到18世纪之前人们都认为dirt是很友好的有助于预防疾病范文中的要点2ForalongtimeinhistorypeopleofsomeEuropeancountriessuchasFrancebelievedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill很好地总结了这些要点3第三段用Though引出人们对dirt观点的转变sincethe18thcenturyScientificallyspeakingcleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth再结合本段最后一部分Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea可得出要点3Howeverpeoplebegantochangetheirattitudestodirtabout200yearslaterPeoplehavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy4文章最后一段第一句指出现在人们对于dirt的态度还是有所不同Onthecontrary引出专家的观点一位免疫学家认为dirt有助于增强免疫系统这一观点获得了一些支持范文中的要点4Neverthelesssomescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpstrengthenourimmunesystem表达很恰切二要点连接文章概要在写完了要点之后下一步的工作就是要把这些要点用适当的连接词进行连接使上下句之间具有连贯性本篇文章整篇结构是总分的结构要点2和要点3在观点上截然相反因此他们之间需要表示转折的连接词范文用了However恰到好处要点3和要点4在观点上又存在不同因此还是要用表转折的连接词However此处用Nevertheless可以避免三句话内出现两次However三关键词汇第一段fixed确定的不变的第二段means手段方法blockout挡住openup打开upon之后立即第三段longlived长期存在的selltheidea说服某人接受某个观点第四段warnsboff警告某人不要靠近position观点gainsomeground取得优势范文展示Peoplehavemixedopinionstowardsdirtonourskin要点1论点ForalongtimeinhistorypeopleofsomeEuropeancountriessuchasFrancebelievedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill要点2论据1Howeverpeoplebegantochangetheirattitudestodirtabout200yearslaterPeoplehavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy要点3论据2Neverthelesssomescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpstrengthenourimmunesystem要点4论据3一阅读下面短文根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要ThesedaysoursocietydevelopsrapidlyandforcespeopletorushItappearsthatpeoplehavegotusedtobeinginahurryHoweveritisbetterforpeopletotaketheirtimeandlivetheirlifeataslowerpacethantohurrytogetthingsdoneThemainreasonthatconvincesustoopposedoingworkinahurryisthepossibilityofdoingwrongsinarushWhenpeopledotheirjobsortakeactionsinahurrytheycannotmakeasounddecisionandprobablyregretlaterAsthesayinggoesHastemakeswasteWeshouldthinkcarefullybeforemakingadecisionanddoourworklessquicklyWeshouldnotmakemistakesbydoingworkhurriedlySlowingdownthepaceoflifehelpspeopleenjoytheirlifebetterForexampletakingatraintosomeplacecertainlywilltakemoretimethantakingaplaneHowevertakingatrainmakespeoplehaveenoughtimetogettoknowalotofnewfriendsBesidesitallowspeopletofullyenjoythebeautifulsceneryalongthewayOnthecontrarybeinginahurrywillmakeuslosechancesinenjoyingourlifeFinallyslowerlifepaceprovidesbetterhealthyconditionsforusAsisknowntoalltakingactionsinahurrybotherspeopleandraisestheirstressPeoplethinkiftheyarenotinahurrytheywillbecomealoserandthatannoysthemBeinginahurrycanhurtpeoplebothphysicallyandmentallyAccordingtosomestudiespeoplewhohaveaslowerpacesufferfewerdiseasestendtobehappierandlivemuchlongerthanthosewhoselifeistenseeveniftheformerfinishjobsmoreslowlythanthelatterInshortworkingquicklywillbringaboutmorematerialbenefitstomakeoursocietymoreadvancedHowevermuchstresscantbringenjoymentfriendsandhealthwhicharemuchmoreimportantthanmoneyandothermaterialadvantagesThereforetakeyourtimeandliveyourlifeataslowerpace参考范文TolivelifeataslowerpaceisbetterthantolivelifeinahurryTherearethreereasonsforthisFirstlydoingthingsinahurrywillraisethepossibilityofmakingmistakesSecondlybeinginahurrywillnotgivepeopleenoughtimetoenjoytheirlifeThirdlydoingthingsinahurryraisespeoplespressureandthereforeisbadfortheirhealthInbriefitisbetterforpeopletolivelifeataslowerpacethantolivelifeinahurry二2018浙江七彩阳光联盟联考阅读下面短文根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要PlayingendlessgamesofhideandseekwithyourtoddlercangettiredveryquicklyAndsometimesparentsneedabreakfrompretendingnottoknowtheveryobviousspottheirchildishidingWellyounolongerhavetofeelguiltyaboutlettingyourkidssitdowninfrontofthetelevisionforanhourortwobecauseitsbeenproventhatincertaincircumstancesscreentimeforyourkidscanactuallybebeneficialThekeythingtorememberisthatunsupervisedandtoomuchscreentimeisntgoodforyourkidsbutsomesituationsletyourelaxandwillkeepyourkidsentertainedOneexampleisvideochattingwithfamilyTheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsreportedthatmaintainingstrongrelationshipswithyourfamilymembersthatlivefarawayisanimportantpartofdevelopmentBeingabletovisuallyseetheirfacesandchatwiththematthesametimeisgoodforyourkidsevenifitsonascreenSoletyourlittleonesitonthecouchvideochattingwithgrandmaandgrandpaandyoucangoandcatchuponotherthingsaroundthehouseAnotherwaytoincorporatescreentimeinabeneficialwayistowatchTVtogetherTurnonaneducationalkidsshowandsitnexttoyourtoddlertoansweranyquestionsthattheymighthaveTheAAPsaysthatafewhoursoftelevisionaweekisfineaslongasyoumakeitafamilyactivityandencourageyourkidstoaskquestionsabouttheshowOneshowinparticularthatcanbeextremelybeneficialtowatchtogetherisDanielTigersNeighborhoodonPBSResearchersatTexasTechUniversityreportedthatkidswhowatched10episodesoveratwoweekperiodhadhigherlevelsofconfidenceandtheywereabletorecognizeemotionsbetterSodontfeelguiltyforlettingyourkidssitinsideforalittleallparentsneedabreak参考范文StudieshaveproventhatscreentimemayactuallybenefitkidsundercertaincircumstancesOneofthebenefitsisthatvideochattingwithgrandparentshelpsstrengthenfamilyrelationshipsMoreoverwatchingeducationalkidsshowstogetherwithparentscanenhancechildrensemotionaldevelopmentInbothcaseskidsareentertainedandparentscanliberatethemselvesforawhile