英语六级翻译

六级翻译 孔子(Confucius)是春秋时期鲁国人，中国古代伟大的思想家、教育家、政治家和儒家思想(Confucianism)的创始人。他一生大部分时间都在从事教育事业，培养出很多知识渊博且有才能的人。作为儒家学派的创始人，孔子的思想以“仁”(benevolence)为核心。他的思想和学说的精华收录于《论语》(“The Analects”)一书。孔子所创立的包括哲学、政治、道德和教育的完整学说，影响中国长达两千多年，是中华文化的宝贵遗产。同时，孔子的思想对世界也产生了深远的影响，推动了世界文明的发展。 Confucius, who lived in the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn period, was a great thinker, educator, politician and founder of Confucianism in ancient China. With most of his life engaged in education, Confucius had educated many knowledgeable and talented people. As the founder of Confucianism, he made “benevolence” the core of his thought. The essence of his thoughts and theories are recorded in the book “The Analects”. Regarded as the precious legacy of Chinese culture, the complete theory of Confucius, which embraces the study in philosophy, politics, ethics and education, has influenced China for over 2,000 years. Meanwhile, his thoughts also have a profound impact on the world and have advanced the development of world civilization. 中国航天工程神舟号宇宙飞船以其十次成功发射给全世界留下了印象。1992年，中国载人航天工程正式获得批准。1999年11月20日，中国首只无人操作飞船“神舟一号”成功发射，这标志着中国在太空探索中取得首个巨大突破。在接下来的三年，无人操作飞船的几次试验飞行(test flight)相继执行。第五次发射的“神舟五号”在2003年10月15日第一次将中国首位宇航员送入太空。自此，中国成为继俄罗斯和美国之后第三个具备自主载人航天能力的国家。 Shenzhou spacecraft of China’s space program has already made a worldwide impression with 10 successful blastoffs. China’s Manned Space Program was formally approved In 1992. On November 20, 1999, China’s first unmanned spacecraft, Shenzhou 1, was successfully launched, which marked China’s first great breakthrough in space exploration. In the following three years, several test flights of unmanned spacecrafts were successively carried out. The fifth launch, Shenzhou 5, was the first to carry first Chinese astronaut into space on 15 October 2003. Since then, China has became the third country in the world to have independent manned space flight capability after Russia and the United States. 闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路延伸6，000多公里，得名于古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和中东文明发展中发挥了重要作用。正是通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷术等四大发明才被引介到世界各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器(porcelain)也传遍全球。物质文化的交流是双向的，欧洲也通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需求。 The well-known Silk Road is a series of routes linking the East and the West. Extending over 6,000 kilometers, the Silk Road got its name from the silk trade in ancient China. Trades on the Silk Road played significant roles in the development of the civilizations of China, South Asia, Europe and the Middle East. It is through the Silk Road that the Four Great Inventions in China-paper-making, gun powder, compass and printing-were introduced to all over the world. Likewise, silk, tea and porcelain spread globally from China as well. Since the exchange of the material culture is always a two-way phenomenon, Europe has also exported various commodities and plants by means of the Silk Road to meet the needs of the Chinese market. 中国园林(the Chinese garden)是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观(landscape)。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和谐关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山(rockwork)、树木、花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。漫步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷(scroll)一般展现在面前。 The Chinese garden has evolved into a kind of unique landscape over the past 3,000 years. It includes both large gardens built as entertainment venues for the members of the royal family, and private gardens built as retreats for scholars, merchants and retired government officials. These gardens have constituted a miniature intended to express the idea that man should live in harmony with nature. A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by walls and consists of various buildings linked by winding trails and corridors, with ponds, rockworks, trees and flowers scattered in it. Wandering in such a garden, people may see a series of well-designed landscapes showing themselves just like a scroll of painting featuring landscapes. 能源是人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础。人类文明跨出重要的每一步都伴随着能源的革新和更替(substitution)。能源的开发利用(utilization)极大地推进了世界经济和人类社会的发展。中国是目前世界上第二位能源生产国和消费国。能源供应的持续增长，为经济增长和社会发展提供了重要的支撑。能源消费的快速增长，为世界能源市场创造了广阔的发展空间。作为世界能源市场不可替代的重要组成部分，中国在维护全球能源安全上，正在发挥着越来越重要的积极作用。 Energy is an essential material basis for human survival and development. Every significant step in the progress of human civilization has been accompanied by energy innovations and substitutions. The development and utilization of energy has enormously boosted the development of the world economy and human society. China is now the world’s second-largest energy producer and consumer. The sustained growth of energy supply has provided an important support for the country’s economic growth and social progress, while the rapid expansion of energy consumption has created a vast scope for the global energy market. As an irreplaceable component of the world energy market, China plays an increasingly important role in maintaining global energy security. 新主流消费群(new mainstream customers)是指年收入超过10.6万元的消费人群。他们与传统消费者有着截然不同的消费行为，该群体更注重个人享受，购物时更注重情感诉求(emotional consideration)。另外，他们有自己喜爱的特定品牌，并且偏爱网上购物。但同时，传统消费者的诸多典型特点仍然保留在这一群体身上。据预测，到2020年，新主流消费群在中国的人数将达到4亿，占据中国所有城市居民的一半以上，他们的消费模式也将代表全国普遍的消费标准。 New mainstream customers refer to those with an annual income above 106,000 Yuan. With totally different spending behavior from that of traditional customers, they lay more stress on personal enjoyment and take more emotional considerations into account when making purchases. In addition, they are fond of certain brands and prefer online shopping. But at the same time, many typical features of traditional customers can also be found in them. It is predicted that the number of new mainstream customers will be 400 million by the year of 2020, which accounts for more than half of city dwellers in China. Their spending modes will become the general standards all over the country. 微博(microblog)是一种近几年开始兴起的社交网络服务。简单地说，就是随时随地将你生活中的所见、所闻和所想写成不超过140个字的几句话或者图片，通过电脑或手机发到微博上，和你的朋友分享。作为一种交际工具和获取信息的平台，这种新型的交流方式在不同年龄段的人群中都很流行。国际上最知名的微博网站是Twitter，很多国际知名人士和组织在这里进行交流。“新浪微博”(Sina nicroblog)是中国此类网站中最常访问的网站。现在微博已经成为中国网民(netizen)上网的主要活动之一。 Arising in recent years, microblog is a social networking service. To put it simply, you send several sentences of no more than 140 words or picture to the microblog via computer or cell phone, sharing what you see, hear and think in your lives with your friends anytime and anywhere. As a communication tool and platform to obtain information, this new means of communication has been popular among people of different ages. The international best-known microblog website is Twitter, on which a great many renowned individuals and organizations communicate. The Sina microblog is the most visited such site in China. At present, microblog has become one of the major online activities of Chinese netizens. 希望工程(Project Hope)是于1989年发起的一项公益事业，以救助贫困地区失学少年儿童(young dropouts)为目的。帮助建设希望小学与资助贫困学生是希望工程实施的两大主要任务。中国仍然是一个发展中国家，贫困地区缺乏教育经费的问题依旧严峻，有超过三千万6到14岁的少年儿童因贫困而不能上学或者被迫辍学。希望工程的实施，改变了一大批失学儿童的命运，改善了贫困地区的学校实施，极大地促进了基础教育的发展，弘扬了助人为乐的优良传统。 Project Hope is a public good project launched in 1989, the goal of which is to help young dropouts in poverty-stricken areas. The two major tasks of Project Hope are to help build Hope Primary Schools and fund poor students. China is still a developing country, thus shortage of education fund in poverty-stricken areas is still a severe problem. Because of poverty, mora than 30 million children between the ages of 6-14 are unable to attend school or are forced to drop out. The implement of Project Hope changes the fate of a large number of dropouts and improves the school facilities in poverty-stricken areas. The development of basic education is thus greatly enhanced and the fine tradition of taking pleasure in helping others is also promoted. 几百年来，昆曲在表演(staging)的通俗性上经历了种种波折，然而从未有人怀疑过它在戏剧领域享有的最高(supreme)地位。昆曲在其他形式的传统戏剧的创立中发挥了指导性的作用，并产生了一批致力于昆曲的追随者(devotee)。昆曲陶冶了中国古代文人的性情，这方面的作用是无法低估的。近年来，随着中国人的思维观念和生活方式发生了迅速而巨大的变化，昆曲的生存问题面临着巨大的挑战。然而在这个相对不利的环境中，昆曲仍保持着它古老的传统。 Kunqu has, for several centuries, undergone ups and downs in staging popularity, but its supreme status in the field of opera has never been challenged. It has played a guiding role in the creation of other forms of traditional opera, and generated a dedicated following of devotees. Its role in fostering the spirit of ancient Chinese men of letters cannot be underest