2013成考专升本语言学试题及答案

2013成考专升本语言学试题及答案 1___. linguistics___ is the scientific study of language; _sociolinguistics____ relates the study of language to society. 2. _Saussure______ distinguished the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics as Langue and Parole. 3. There are a number of relatively independent branches within the area of linguistics: __phonetics______ and _phonology_______ studying the speech sounds; _morphology_______ studying the formation of words,____ syntax ___ and __semantics______ studying meaning.4. In modern linguistics, a _synchronic______ approach seems to enjoy priority over a diachronic one. 5. The distinction between __competence_ and __performance_ was made by the American linguist N. Chomsky in the late 1950’s, with the former referring to the ideal user’s knowledge of the rules of his language and the latter referring to the actual realization of this knowledge in linguistic communication. 《语言学》试卷 第1页（共6页） 6. When a _pidgin______ has become the primary language of a speech community, and is required by the children of that speech community as their native language, it is said to have become a _creole_________.7. A __blending______ is a word formed by combining parts of other words, for example, smog. 8. _componetial __analysis______ is a way proposed by the structural semanticists to analyze word meaning, while _predication _analysis_____is a way to analyze sentence meaning.8. The most basic element of meaning is called __morpheme______. 9. According to the Speech Act Theory, a speaker might be performing three acts simultaneously when speaking, namely: _locutionary_______ act, __illocutionary______ act and __perlocutionary______ act.psycholinguistics Psycholinguistics is the study of language in relation to the mind .As the term suggests , pycholinguistics is viewed as the intersection of psychology and linguistics , drawing equally upon the language we acquire , produce and comprehendlangue and parole: Langue refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community; ; Langue is the set of conventions and rules which language users all have to follow; Langue is relatively stable, it does not change frequently. Parole refers to the realization of langue in actual use; parole is the concrete use of the conventions and the application of the rulessyntax:Syntax is the subfield of linguistics that studies sentence structure of language.interlanguage SLA is viewed as a process of creative construction, in which a learner constructs a series of internal representations that comprise the learner’s interim knowledge of the target language Known as interlanguage,( C ) 1. Charles Hockett A. Transformational-generative grammar( J ) 2. Eric Lenneberg B. Course in General Linguistics( F ) 3. Paul Grice C. design features of language( E ) 4. F. de Saussure D. predication analysis( A ) 5. G. Leech E. the semantic triangle( D ) 6. S. Pit Corder and Larry Selinker F. the Cooperative Principle( I ) 7. Ogden and Richards G. Speech Act Theory(H ) 8. M.A.K. Halliday H. Critical Period Hypothesis( G ) 9. John Austin I. register( B ) 10. Noam Chomsky J. interlanguage 1. What is the content of Sapir-Whorf hypothesis? Whorf proposed first that all higher levels of thinking are dependent on langua