Unit4_Reading_for_structure_精品导学案.doc.doc

Body language Workbook 学习目标 1. Grasp the usage of such important words and expressions as greet represent, association, curiously, approach, defence, major, likely, in general, at ease, lose face, turn one’s back to, etc. 2. Master the following patterns: 1. The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. 2. Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. 学习过程 Step 1 Fill in the blanks according to what you have learned. Yesterday, another student and 1, (1) _____ our university’s student association, went to meet this year’s international students. After half an hour of waiting, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around (2) _____. I went forward to (3) _____ them. After being introduced, they greeted each other in different ways, causing some (4) _____ and cultural mistakes. As I get to know more international friends, I learn more about this cultural (5) “_____”. Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. In the same way that people (6) _____ with spoken language, they also express their feelings through physical distance, actions or (7) _____. These actions are simply ways in which cultures have developed. I have seen, however, that cultural customs for body language are very general—not all members of a culture (8) _____ in the same way. (9) _____, though, studying international customs can certainly help (10) _____ difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads. Suggested answers: (1) representing (2) curiously (3) greet (4) misunderstandings (5) body language (6) communicate (7) posture (8) behave (9) In general (10) avoid Step 2 Words and expressions to learn 1. There are many different ways to greet someone using words. 有许多利用语言和别人打招呼的方式。 【观察思考】 (1) Jim came across the room to greet his friends. 吉姆穿过房间来迎接他的朋友们。 (2) He greeted me in the street with a friendly wave of the hand. 他在街上向我亲切地挥手致意。 (3) They exchanged greetings and sat down to lunch. 他们互相致意后便坐下吃午饭。 归纳拓展：greet vi. &vt. 迎接；问候 greet sb. with sth. 用……欢迎／致意／问候某人 greet sth. with sth. 对某事作出某种反应 greetings n. 问候 exchange greetings互致问候 【尝试运用】 (1) His speech was _____ (欢呼)by loud cheers. (2) 她以笑容迎接我。(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ (3) We exchange _____ (问候) and gifts. 2. Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university’s student association… 昨天，我和另一个学生代表我们学校的学生会…… 【观察思考1】 (1) This painting represents a storm. 这幅画描绘了一场暴风雨。 (2) You must represent the danger to them. 你必须告诉他们危险的所在。 (3) We chose a committee to represent us. 我们选出一个委员会来代表我们。 (4) We appointed her as our representative. 我们指派她作为我们的代表。 归纳拓展：represent vt. 表现；描写；描绘；代表；声称 represent…as…把……描绘成…… represent sth to sb. 向某人陈述某事 represent oneself as /to be自称是 representative adj. 有代表性的 n. 代表；代理人 representation n. 表现；代表；代理 【尝试运用】 (1) He _____ (声称)himself as a philosopher. (2) The firm needs more _____ (代理)in China. (3) This mark _____ (代表) a village. 【观察思考2】 (1) Many associations are breaking up for lack of money. 许多社团因缺乏资金而纷纷解散。 (2) I benefited much from my association with him. 和他的交往让我受益匪浅。 (3) He associated politics with wars. 他把政治跟战争联系在一起。 归纳拓展：association n. 社团；联系；联想 in association with 与……联合 associate vt. 将……联系起来；在头脑中联想 associate… with… 把……和……联系起来 associate with sb. 与某人常打交道 【尝试运用】 (4) We ____________________ (一想起中国，就联想到了长城). (5) Don’t____________________ (与……打交道) dishonest boys. 3. I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously. 我看到几个年轻人进入候机室并且好奇地四处张望。 【观察思考】 (1) I am curious to know where she found the money. 我想知道她是在哪儿找到的钱。 (2) They were curious about the people living upstairs. 他们对住在楼上的人感到好奇。 (3) Out of curiosity, he pulled down the handle of the fire alarm. 出于好奇，他把火警警报器的手把拉了下来。 归纳总结：curious adj. 好奇的：求知欲强的 be curious to do sth. 好奇做某事 be curious about对……好奇 curiously adv. 好奇地；感兴趣地 curiosity n. 好奇心；求知欲 out of curiosity出于好奇 【尝试运用】 (1) She was _______________ what had happened. 她很想知道发生了什么。 (2) I was _______________ how she would react. 我对她会怎样反应感到好奇。 (3) He gave in to _____ and opened my letter. 他抵不住好奇心，拆开了我的信。 (4) I see his eyes _____ stare at me. 我看到他的眼睛好奇地盯着我。 4. Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek! 托尼走近朱莉娅，摸了摸她的肩，亲了亲她的脸！ 【观察思考】 (1) The day of his wedding approached. 他结婚的日子临近了。 (2) We approached the museum. 我们走近博物馆。 (3) His work is approaching perfection. 他的工作近乎完美。 (4) Did he approach you about lending him some money? 他有没有向你接洽有关借钱给他的事？ (5) Our approach frightened the birds away. 我们一靠近，鸟全都惊飞了。 (6)We have found a new approach to the study of English. 我们发现了学英语的新方法。 归纳总结：approach vi. &vt. 向……靠近；接近；着手处理 approach sb. about sth. 接洽；要求 approach n. 靠近 approach n. 方法，步骤(后常跟介词to) 【词汇辨析】 approach, manner, way, method与means approach表示具体的做事的方法或手段，只和介词to搭配。manner“方式，样子，态度”，和介词in连用，如指“礼貌”，形式为复数，即manners。 way“方式，方法”，和介词in连用。 method“方法，办法”，多指某种具体的方法，只和介词with连用。 means“方法，手段”，和介词by连用。注意means的单数和复数形式相同。 【尝试运用】 (1) I’m going to _____ (接洽) the bank about a loan. (2) The _____ (临近) of winter brings cold weather. (3)What is the best way _____ (处理) this problem? 5. She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence. 她后退几步，显得很吃惊，并举起手来，好像在做防卫一样。 【观察思考】 (1) She had to defend herself against the guard dog. 她不得不防备看门狗咬她。 (2) The union said that they would take action to defend their member’s jobs. 工会说他们将采取行动维护会员的工作权益。 (3) A thick overcoat is a good defence against cold. 一件厚大衣足以御寒。 (4) They took up arms in defence of their country. 他们拿起武器保卫祖国。 归纳总结：defend vt. 保卫，保护；捍卫，(为被告)辩护 defend against /from… 保卫……以免受…… defend oneself 自我防卫；为自己辩解 defence n. 防御；保卫，保护 in defence 防御，防卫 in defence of为了保卫…… 【尝试运用】 (1) He left home to join the army to _____ (保卫) his motherland. (2) The accused man had a lawyer to defend him. (英译汉) _________________________________________________________________ (3) Would you be able to __________ (自卫) if someone attacked you in the street? 6. I guessed that there was probably a major misunderstanding. 我猜想这其中可能有个大的误会。 【观察思考】 (1) The major part of the job is done by machine. 这种工作主要由机器来做。 (2) What’s your major at university? 你大学时的专业是什么？ (3) The majority were on Ben’s side. 大多数人都站在本这一边。 归纳拓展：major adj. 主要的 major n. [C] 专业；主修科目 major vi. 主修 major in 主修…… majority n.大多数 【尝试运用】 (1) 汤姆在改进教学方面起了主要作用。(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ (2) He _______________ (主修) English at university. 7. However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them. 不过，来自西班牙、意大利和南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且可能会(用身体)接触对方。 【观察思考】 (1) She is the most likely girl to win the prize. 她是最有希望得奖的女孩。 (2) He is likely to get hurt because he always trusts people easily. 他很容易受伤，因为他很轻易就相信别人。 (3) It’s likely that he will succeed. ＝ He is likely to succeed. 他很有可能成功。 归纳总结：likely adj. 可能的；有希望的 be likely to do很可能……；有希望…… It is likely that…很可能…… 【词汇辨析】 likely, possible与probable likely是常用词，指表面上看很可能。主语既可以是人也可以是物。可以说sb./sth. be likely to do或It’s likely that…，但是不能说It is likely for sb. to do。 possible强调客观上的可能，但含有实际上可能性很小的意思。主语不能是人，只能用it作为形式主语。构成It is possible for sb. to do sth或It is possible that.结构。 probable主要强调有根有据、合情合理的推测，含有“很可能，十有八九”的意思。构成It is probable that. 结构。 【尝试运用】 (1) It _______________ (很可能) that he will not consent. (2) 这趟火车很可能晚点。(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ (3) She is not _____ to come next month. A. like B. properly C. possibly D. likely 8. In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads! 但总的来说，在当今文化交融的世界，学习不同国家的习俗肯定能够帮助我们避免交往中的困难。 【观察思考】 In general, your idea is not bad. 大体上来说，你的想法还不错。 归纳拓展：in general总的来说；通常 generally speaking大体上说 as a whole 整个来说 (总体上) on the whole总的来说 【尝试运用】 (1) I like games _____ (总的来说), especially football. (2) _____, his work has been good, but this essay is dreadful. A. In case B. Above all C. On purpose D. In general 9. The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile —its function is to show happiness and put people at ease。微笑当然是最普遍通用的面部表情，它的作用是表示快乐和安人心境。 【观察思考】 (1) At first we didn’t feel at ease before him. 开始时，我们在他面前感到有些拘束。 (2)He handed her a cup of coffee to put her at ease. 他递给她一杯咖啡，让她放松下来。 (3)She led a life of ease. 她过着舒适安逸的日子。 (4) Talking eased his anxiety. 那番话打消了他的顾虑。 归纳拓展：at ease舒适；快活；自由自在 ease n. 安逸；舒适 ease vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑) ease sb. of sth. 消除某人的痛苦等 at comfort舒适地 feel at ease感到自在 put/set sb. at ease使某人感到舒适、放松 be /feel ill at ease感到不舒服 【尝试运用】 (1) He felt _____ (轻松自在) and confident about the future. (2)这种药减轻了她的痛苦。(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________ (3) Set your mind at ease. (英译汉) _________________________________________________________________ 10. There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone “loses face” and smiles to hide it. 有一些微笑表示的并非高兴，比如说当有人“丢了面子”而用微笑来掩饰。 【观察思考】 (1) He’ll lose face if he does not keep his promise. 如果他不遵守诺言，他就会感到羞愧。 (2)Though she’d lost her job, she saved face by saying she’d left