大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案

六 　　As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. 　　Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health. 　　The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it. 　　1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____. 　　a.they do not know how to enjoy themselves 　　b.they do not believe that relaxation is important for health 　　c.they are travelling fast all the time 　　d.they are becoming busier with their work 　　2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________. 　　a.not fearing stress 　　b.knowing the art of relaxation 　　c.high sense of responsibility 　　d.having control over performance 　　3.Which of the follwing statements is ture? 　　a.We can find some ways to avoid stress 　　b.Stress is always harmful to people 　　c.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work. 　　d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress 　　4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______. 　　a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'" 　　b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically" 　　c."responding to crises quickly" 　　d."losing heart at the signs difficulties" 　　5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______. 　　a."expose ourselves to stress" 　　b."find ways to deal with stress" 　　c."remove stress from our lives" 　　d."established links between diseases and stress" 　　答案：dadbc 七 　　In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana. 　　Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one. 　　1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s? 　　a.They were not satisfied with American society. 　　b.They wanted to grow marijuana. 　　c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War. 　　d.They did not want all people to be equal. 　　2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live? 　　a.In dome-shaped house 　　b.In old school huses 　　c.On a farm inTennessee 　　d.In an archology in Arizona 　　3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house? 　　a.Paolo Soleri 　　b.B.G.Skinner 　　c.Steve Gaskin 　　d.Buckminster Fuller 　　4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ? 　　a.The philosophy of "do your own thing" 　　b.Virginaia in the late 1960s 　　c.The ideas of psychologist 　　d.The belief that people must live closely togerher. 　　5.What is an "archology"? 　　a.A person who studies archaeology 　　b.A large building where people live closely together 　　c.A city in A rizona 　　d.A technique to contorl people 　　答案：abdcb 八 　　There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable. 　　The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure