英国文学史知识点

英国作者1Chaucer流派时代theMiddleAges主要作品HismainworksincludeTheCanterburyTalesMenandwomenTroilusandCriseydeThewifeofBathThehighandthelowInthepoemTheCanterburyTales作品突出特点TheCanterburyTalesThetalesaretoldaspartofastorytellingcontestbyagroupofpilgrimsastheytraveltogetheronajourneyfromSouthwarktotheshrineofSaintThomasBecketatCanterburyCathedralHeusesthetalesandthedescriptionsofthecharacterstopaintanironicandcriticalportraitofEnglishsocietyatthetimeandparticularlyoftheChurchHismasterpieceandarepresentativeworksoftheMiddleAges作家地位1thefounderofEnglishpoetry2ThefounderofEnglishRealism3theFatherofEnglishPoetry4thefounderormasterofthemodernEnglishLanguage5thepioneeroftheEnglishRenaissance影响1HeintroducedfromItalyandFrancetherhymedstanzaofvarioustypesespeciallytherhymedcoupletof5accentsiniambicmeterheroiccouplettoEnglishpoetryinsteadoftheoldAngloSaxonalliterativeverse2HewasthefirstgreatpoetwhowroteinEnglishlanguageMiddleEnglishthusestablishingEnglishastheliterarylanguage3HedidmuchinmakingtheLondondialectthefoundationformodernEnglishlanguage2FrancisBacon时间16世纪StatusOneofthemostimportantessaywritersduringtheEnglishRenaissanceRepresentativeAdvancementofLearning1605学术的进步NewInstrument1620新工具HewasborninthefamilyofSirNicholasBaconKeeperofPrivySealtoQueenElizabethBaconwasthefounderofEnglishmaterialistandthefounderofmodernscienceinEnglandHeisalsofamousforhisEssays论说文集TheseessayscoverawidevarietyofsubjectssuchaslovetruthfriendshipparentsandchildrenbeautystudiesrichesyouthandagegardendeathandmanyothersBaconisthefirstEnglishessayist4WilliamShakespeareTime14thcentury454517thcenturytheEnglishRenaissanceMainworksComedyAmidsummerNightsDreamTheMerchantofVeniceAsyoulikeitTwelfthNightTragedyHamletOthelloKingLearMacbethRepresentativeHamletHamletisaherooftheRenaissanceHislearningwisdomnoblenaturelimitationandtragedyareallrepresentativeofthehumanistsattheturnofthe16thand17thcenturiesImportanceShakespearehasbeenuniversallyacknowledgedtobethesummitoftheEnglishRenaissanceandoneofthegreatestwriterstheworldover5BenJonsonTime15724545451637RenaissanceLifewelleducatedaremarkableGreekandLatinscholarwritefortheLondonstageandbecameoneoftheleadingdramatistsofthedayWorksdozensofplaysincludingtragediescomediesandmasques假面剧TragediesSejanus1603Catiline1611accuracyinhistoricalfactsandstrictadherencetotheclassicalrulesoftragicartComediesEveryManinHisHumour1598VolponeortheFox1606TheAlchemist1610andBartholomewFair1614ProseTimberorDiscoveriesMadeuponMenandMatterMainworksEveryManinHisHumourtellingthestoryofajealoushusbandacredulous轻信的youngwifeandaboasting吹嘘cowardsoldiergivesusanexcellentstudyofthehumoursietemperaments气质ordispositions性情ofvariouscharactersandthecontemporarymannersVolponetalksabouttwomenwhoweregreedyformoneybutfinallyreceivedduepunishmentTheAlchemistisasatireonalchemy魔力andmakesamockery笑柄嘲弄ofbothtricksters骗子anddupes上当者BartholomewFairhasallthefunofthefair市集withitsballadsingersstallkeepersbulliesprostitutesandcutpursesthusportrayingapictureofoldLondonlifeandshowingJonsonathisbestJonsonscomediesarecomediesofhumoursEverycharacterinJonsonscomediespersonifiesadefinitehumourOneistheembodimentofgreedanotherofvanityathirdofbraggerHedoesnotdelvedeeplyenoughintothecomplexityofhumannatureandhumanrelationsHispicturesoflifeapproximate近似tocaricatures讽刺画InfluenceInhislateryearsJonsonbecametheliterarykingofhistimeHewasaforerunnerofclassicisminEnglishliteraturewhichwastoreachitshightideinthe18thcenturyHeinfluencedRobertHerrickauthorofthelyricpoemGatherYeRosebudsWhileYeMay6JohnMiltonBackgroundInthelate17thcenturyEnglandwasconvulsedwiththeconflictbetweenthetwocampstheRoyalistsandthePuritansEnglishliteratureofthisrevolutionandrestorationperiodwasverymuchconcernedwiththetremendoussocialupheavalsofthetimeMajorworksParadiseLostParadiseRegainedSamsonAgonistesParadiseLosttalksaboutthestoryofcreationStantemptsEveandAdamtoeatthefruitfromthetreeofknowledgeSotheyareallexpulsedfromHeavenItshowstherevoltagainstGodsauthoritySamsonAgonistesSamsonisanathletewhofightsforthefreedomofhiscountryButheisbetrayedbyhiswifeandblindedbyhisenemiesSohewreakshisvengeanceuponhisenemiesbypullingdownthetempleuponallofthemThestoryshowsSamsonslongingforsightandfreedomandsuggestshisdeterminetodefeattheenemyatcostofhisownlifeInfluenceMiltonwasthegreatestEnglishRevolutionarypoetofthe17thcenturyHisinfluenceisomnipresentinalmostalllaterEnglishpoetryHeandShakespearehavealwaysbeenregardedastwopatternsofEnglishverseJohnBunyan流派LiteratureoftheEnglishbourgeoisrevolution时代Revolutionperiod17thcentury主要作品ThePilgrimsProgress作品突出特点ThePilgrimsProgressisareligiousallegoryIttellsofthespiritualpilgrimageofChristianwhofliesfromtheCityofDestructionmeetswiththeperilsandtemptationsfacesandovercomesthedemonAppollyonandfinallycomestotheDelectableMountainsandtheCelestialCityThecityisthevisionofanidealhappysocietydreamedbyapoortinkerinthe17thcenturythroughaveilofreligiousmist作家地位HisworkThePilgrimsProgress影响HepreachedthetruthashesawitanddirectedhisattacksagainstsocialabusesandtheoppressorsofthepoorThePilgrimsProgresswongreatsuccessespeciallyfromlowclassesandhasbecomeoneofthemostpopularworksinEnglishlanguageAlexanderPope时间18th流派Theenlightenmentandclassicism代表作品EssayonCriticismTheRapeoftheLock主要作品介绍EssayonCriticismisadidacticpoemwritteninheroiccoupletsIttellsthepoetsandcriticstowriteandappreciatepoetryaccordingtotheprinciplessetupbytheoldGreekandRomanwriters意义及影响PopewasanoutstandingenlightenerandthegreatestEnglishpoetoftheclassicalschoolinthefirsthalfofthe18thcenturyHeisthemostimportantrepresentativeoftheEnglishclassicalpoetry9JonathanSwift16671745流派Realism时代TheEnlightenment主要作品ATaleofaTubtheBattleoftheBooksGulliversTravelstheDrapiersLettersaModestProposal最突出作品GulliversTravelsaModestProposalATaleofaTubGulliversTravels内容InthefirstpartthevoyagetoLilliputisfullofreferencestocurrentpolitics4545theToriesandtheWhigsInthesecondpartthevoyagetoBrobdingnagInthethirdpartthevoyagetoFlyingIslandisasatireonphilosophersandprojectorsInthelastpartthevoyagetothecountriesofhorsesthesatireisthebitterest意义ItgivesanunparalleledsatiricaldepictionofthevicesofhisageAModestProposal内容IntheproposalSwiftsuggestedwithbitterironythatthepovertyoftheIrishpeopleshouldberelievedbythesaleofchildren意义ThisproposalisamostheartbreakingpieceofsarcasmthatfieryindignationhasgivenbirthtoandamostpowerfulblowattheEnglishgovernmentspolicyofexploitationandoppressioninIrelandATaleofaTub内容AnoldmandiedandleftacoatietheChristiandoctrinetoeachofhisthreesonswithminutedirectionforitscareanduseThesethreesonsstandforRomanCatholicsAnglicansandPuritansTheyevadetheirfatherswillinterpretiteachinhisownwayandchangethefashionoftheirgarment意义ThisisasatireuponallreligioussectsTheRomanCatholicChurchandPuritansareterriblysatirizedwhiletheChurchofEnglandisprofessedtobejustifiedSwiftssatirebecomesanattackonChristianityitself补充作者的风格SwiftisoneofthegreatestmastersofEnglishproseHislanguageissimpleclearandvigorousSwiftisamastersatiristandhisironyisdeadlyButhissatireismaskedbyanoutwardgravityandanapparentcalmnessconcealshisbitterirony10DanielDefoe英国和欧洲小说之父英国启蒙时期现实主义小说的奠基人时代Theendof17thcentury18thcentury流派Realism作品CaptainSingletonMollFlanderscolonelJacque代表作RobinsonCrusoe鲁滨孙漂流记内容ThisbookisdividedintothreepartThefirstparttellsushisthreevoyageexperiencesandBrazilsplantationsthesecondpartdescribesthatRobinsonisonadesertislandbecauseoftheheavywindontheseaandlivesbyhimselfontheislandfor28yearsThethirdparttellsushisrestlifeafterhegoesbackhome意义ThecharacterofRobinsonCrusoeisrepresentativeoftheEnglishbourgeoisieattheearlierstagesofitsdevelopment地位及影响HeisThefatheroftheBritishandEuropeannovelsthefounderoftheBritishenlightenmentrealisticnovel12HenryFieldingEnglishnovelistplaywrightSocialbackground就是整个现实主义的大背景SchoolsRealismMainworksnovelJosephAndrewsTomJonesmasterpieceAmeliaBriefintroductionofTomJonesIttellsthestoryofanillegitimate私生的childTomJonesbroughtupbysquireMrAllworthywhileTomefellinlovewithaneighboringsquiresdaughterSophiaWhenTomisbanishedtomakehisownfortuneandSophiafollowshimtoLondontoescapeanarrangedmarriagetheadventurebeginsItsmainpurposeistodisplayandadvocateacertainmoralitygoodnaturegenerousandopenbehaviorsaresetagainstselfishnesshypocrisyduplicityandgreedLiteraryStatusHehasbeenrightlycalledthefatheroftheEnglishnovelHealsoisthefounderoftheEnglishrealisticnovelandsetsupthetheoryofrealisminliterarycreationWilliamBlake时间17571827artistandpoet流派PreromanticismMajorworksSongsofInnocenceSongsofExperienceSongsofInnocenceItpresentsahappyandinnocentworldthoughwithitsevilsandsufferingsSongsofExperienceItpresentsaworldofmiserypovertydiseasewarandrepressionwithamelancholytoneManypoemsinthetwocollectionscontradicteachotherTheyhavethesametitleinthetwobooksbutareoppositeinmeaningsThecontrastisofgreatsignificanceItmarksaprogressinthepoetsoutlookonlifeWritingStyleemphasisonnaturalsentimentandindividualoriginalityshowingrevolutionarypassionagainstclassicaltraditionfollowedbyShelley影响及意义ThemostextraordinaryliterarygeniusofhisageHislyricsdisplayallthecharacteristicsoftheromanticspiritnaturalsentimentampindividualoriginalityHeinfluencedtheRomanticpoetswithrecurring重现的themesofgoodandevilheavenandhellknowledgeandinnocenceandexternalrealityversusinnerimagination14RobertBurns175914517967Timepreromanticismlaterhalfofthe18thcenturyBurnisthenationalpoetofScotlandHeisthepoetofpeasantHerevivedhttpenwikipediaorgwikiRomanticmovementfulfilledtheScottishsongandisregardedasapioneeroftheRomanticmovementandafterhisdeathhebecameagreatsourceofinspirationtothefoundersofbothhttpenwikipediaorgwikiLiberalismhttpenwikipediaorgwikiSocialismhttpenwikipediaorgwikiCulturaliconhttpenwikipediaorgwikiScottishpeopleliberalismandsocialismandaculturaliconinScotlandandamongtheScottishhttpenwikipediaorgwikiScottishpeopleDiasporaaroundtheworldMasterpiece45ARedRedRose内容Atypicalsongoflovetoexpresshisownemotions影响ItcarriesanewspiritofromanticismwhichwouldprevailasthemaintrendofEnglishliteratureinearly19thcentury45BruceatBannockburn内容Atypicalofpatriotism45TheSlavesLamentHeexpressedhissympathyforthemiseriesoftheNegroslavestransportedfromtheirAmericanmotherlandtoAmericahttpenwikipediaorgwikiAuldLangSynehttpenwikipediaorgwikiHogmanay45HispoemandsongAuldLangSyneisoftensungatHogmanaythelastdayoftheyearFeaturesofBurnspoetryhttpenwikipediaorgwikiScotslanguageHeisthebestknownofthepoetswhohavewrittenintheScotshttpenwikipediaorgwikiScotslanguagehttpenwikipediaorgwikiCentralScotslanguageScotsdialectHissongsspeakstraightfromtheheartofaplowmantoexpressinsimplistwordsthecommonfeelingsofmillionsofworkingpeopleHisthemeincludedthebeautyofthehomelandlovefriendshipandtheworkers15Wordsworth时间17701850流派earlyromanticism作品HismostfamousworkisLyricalBalladsThepublicationoftheLyricalBalladsmarkedthebreakwiththeconventionalpoeticaltraditionofthe18thcenturyiewithclassicismandthebeginningoftheRomanticrevivalinEnglandHealsowritesThePreludewhichisWordsworthsautobiographicalpoem影响WordsworthsetsthebeginningoftheRomanticrevivalandheisoneoftheLakePoetswhohavegreatinfluenceonEnglishliteratureAlsoheisthefirsttofindwordsforthemostelementarysensationsofmanfacetofacewithnaturalphenomenaGeorgeGordonByron17881824时间流派ByronbelongstothesecondgenerationofEnglishRomanticpoetsin18c作品ByronischieflyknownforhistwolongpomesoneisChildeHaroldsPilgrimagetheotherisDomJuanThestoryofDonJuantakesplaceinthelaterpartofthe18thcentryDonJuanisaSpanishyouthofaristocraticbirthThelongpoemdescribesDonJuansadventuresinmanycountries影响及意义ByronisoneofthemostexcellentrepresentativesofEnglishRomanticismHisliterarycareerwascloselyassociatedwiththestruggleandprogressivemovementofhisageHispoemsarefavoritesoftheBritishworkers17PercyShelley17921822流派RepresentativeofRomanticism作品FamousforOdetotheWestwindPrometheusUnboundAdonaisToaSkylarkADefenceofPoetryTheNecessityofAtheismOdetotheWestwindishisfamouslyricofloveTheWestwindtherepresentativeoffreedomstandsforagreatspiritpowerThepoemexpressespoetseagernessforfreedomandnewlife影响及意义ShelleydrewnoessentialdistinctionbetweenpoetryandpoliticsandhisworksreflectedtheradicalideasandrevolutionaryoptimismoftheeraRankedasoneofthegreatEnglishpoetsoftheromanticperiodOneofthefinestlyricpoetsinthehistoryofEnglishliterature18JohnKeats流派Romanticism时代TheRomanticPeriodThe19thcentury主要作品ShortpoemsOdeToaNightingaleWhenIhaveFearOdeonaGrecianUrnLongpoemsEndymionIsabellaTheEveofStAgnesLamiaHyperion内容意义OdeToaNightingaleThispoemwasinspiredbythesingingofanightingalethathadbuiltitsnestclosetothehousethepoetlivedinHereKeatsnotonlyexpresseshisrapturesuponhearingthebeautifulsongsofthenightingaleandhisdesiretogototheetherealworldofbeautytogetherwiththebirdbutalsoshowshisdeepsympathyforandhiskeenunderstandingofhumanmiseriesinthesocietyinwhichhelivedKeatspoemsrevealedmasteryofformsanddepthoffeelingBeautyistruthtruthbeauty地位KeatswillgodowninhistoryasoneofthebrillianttrioofactiveromanticistsinEnglandHeisknownasasensuouspoetHispoemisavoicethroughwhichbeautyexpressesitself影响KeatspoetrydescribesthebeautyofthenaturalworldandartasthevehicleforhispoeticimaginationHisskillwithpoeticimageryandsoundreproducesthissensuousexperienceforhisreaderHispoetryevolvesoverhisbriefcareerfromthisloveofnatureandartintoadeepcompassionforhumanityCharlesLamb时间流派Inthe19thcenturytheromanticperiod作品HewrotethisishisgreatestcontributiontothetreasuryofEnglishliteratureLambwasfirstintroducedtoChinaatthebeginningoflastcentury影响及意义HisessayshavehadnoticeableinfluenceontheprosewritingofmodernChineseliteratureaftertheMay4Movementin191920CharlesDickens18121870thegreatestrepresentativeofEnglishcriticalrealismMasterpiecesOliverTwist雾都孤儿DavidCopperfield大卫科波菲尔HardTimes艰难岁月ATaleofTwoCities双城记andGreatexpectation远大前程AboutOliverTwistOliverTwisttellsthestoryofanorphanboywhoseadventuresprovideadescriptionofthelowerdepthsofLondonInthisstoryDickensmakeshisreadersawareoftheinhumanityofcitylifeundercapitalismItrevealsthegreatcriticalrealistvoicingthehelplesssufferingsofthepoorandoppressedSignificanceAsamanpoliticallyandideologically思想上DickenswasaRadical激进分子HeshowedgreatconcernaboutsocialproblemsTohimthegreatestliteraturewasliteratureforpeopleAndthereisanassessmentDickensmorethananyofhiscontemporaries同时代的人wastheexpressionoftheconscience道德心良心ofhisageAsanovelistDickensisrememberedfirstofallforhischaracterportrayalHealsoisoneofthegreatesthumoristsoftheworldHismethodstowritewerefurtheradoptedbysuchwritersasCharlotteEmilyBronteandsoonDickensandShakespearearethetwouniquepopularclassicsthatEnglandhasgiventotheworldandtheyarealikeinbeingrememberednotforonemasterpiecebutforacreativeworld21WilliamMakepeaceThackeray1Thackeraywasawriterofcriticalrealismin19thcenturyEngland2MainworksTheBookofSnobsVanityFairHenryEsmond3VanityFairInthisbookThackeraybuildshisplotaroundthefatesofAmeliaSedleyandRebeccaBeckySharpanddescribesthelifeoftherulingclassesofEnglandintheearlydecadesofthe19thcenturyandattacksthesocialrelationshipofthebourgeoisworldbysatirizingtheindividualsinthedifferentstrataoftheupperscioetyVanityFairwasthepeakofThackeraysliterarycareerandwiththisbookhecanbeplacedonthesamelevelasDickensasoneofthegreatestcriticalrealistsofthe19thcenturyEurope4PositionThackeraywasarepresentativeofcriticalrealisminthe19thcenturyEnglandHismostfamouswork454545VanityFairplaceshiminthesamelevelasDickensasoneofthegreatestcriticalrealistsof19thcenturyEurope5InfluenceThackeraymadegreatcontributiontothe19thcenturyEnglishrealismliteraturethroughhistremendousworksandpavedthewayforthefollowingwriters22EdmundSpenser时间thehumanismofEnglishRenaissance作品ThemainworksofEdmundSpenserareTheShepherdsCalendarandTheFaerieQueeneTheFaerieQueeneisalongpoemplannedin12booksItbeginswiththePrinceAuthurspursuittotheFaerieQueeneGlorianaandtheFaerieQueeneholdsafeastof12daysandoneachdayastrangerindistressappearsclaiminghelpagainstadragonorgiantItismeanttoedifythroughallegoryandmodernismandmedievalismarewellblended意义及影响HeisthePoetsPoetoftheperiodHecreateTheSpenserianstanza9linestanzaababbcbccthefirsteightisiambicpentameterthe9thisiambichexameterandhisinfluencecanbetracedintheworksofMiltonShellyandKeats23JamesJoyceJamesJoyce流派Streamofconsciousness时代Inthe20thcentury主要作品极其最突出的作品的内容及意义Works1APortraitoftheArtistasayoungMan2Ulysses3FinnegannsWakeUlyssesJoycesnoveltellsofthewanderingsandadventuresofLeopoldBloomamodernUlyssesduringthe24hoursofasingledayJune161904ThestoryistoldthroughrecordingthecharactersmentalactivitiesbytheuseofthesteamofconsciousnessmethodIthasbeencalledamodernproseepic地位JamesJoycewasoneofthemostoriginalnovelistsofthe20thcenturywhoseworkshowsauniquesynthesisofrealismthestreamofconsciousnessandsymbolism影响Heisthegreatestenigmain20thcenturyliteratureItmaybestillearlytoarriveatafinalestimationofhisliteraryachievement24HardyThomasHardy时间18401928novelistandpoetoneoftherepresentativesofEnglishcriticalrealismattheturnofthe19thcentury十九世纪转型时期作家哈代作品同时包括批判现实主义和自然主义因素前期小说家后期转为诗人主要作品UndertheGreenwoodTree1872FarfromtheMaddingCrowd1874TheReturnoftheNative1878TheMayorofCasterbridge1886TessoftheDUrbervilles1891JudetheObscure1896TessoftheDUrbervillesInthestorythepoorvillagergirlTessDurbeyfieldisseducedbythewealthyAlecDUbervilleShebecomespregnantbutthechilddiesininfancyTessfindsworkasadairymaidonafarmandfallsinlovewithAngelClareaclergymanssonTheymarrybutwhenTesstellsAngelaboutherpasthehypocriticallydesertsherTessbecomesAlecsmistressAngelreturnsfromBrazilrepentinghisharshnessbutfindsherlivingwithAlecTesskillsAlecindesperationsheisarrestedandhanged意义HeisaleadinglateVictoriannovelistand20thcenturypoetHisextraordinaryskillinmasteringthenarrativeformtheportrayalofcharactersandthepsychologicalanalysishadgreatinfluencetothelaterwritersHardyisoftenregardedasatransitionalwriterforheisintellectuallyadvancedandemotionallytraditionalTermsBeowulf时间西元8世纪Itisnationalepic史诗oftheEnglishpeopleDenmarkstoryalliterationmetaphorsandunderstatements454545afolklegendThemoststrikingfeatureinitspoeticalformistheuseofalliterationInalliterativeversecertainaccentedwordsinalinebeginwiththesameconsonantsoundOtherfeaturesofBeowulfaretheuseofmetaphorsandofunderstatementsringgiverisusedforkinghearthcompanionsforhisattendantwarriorsseawoodforshipSuchmetaphorsoccuringreatnumbersUnderstatementsasnottroublesomeforverywelcomeneednotpraiseforarighttocondemngiveanimpressionofreserveandattimeatingeofironicalhumorRealistic时间1836451901代表作家DefoeSwiftFieldingRichardsonSmollettCriticalrealismVictorianliteratureChartistliterature作品RobinsonCrusoeFeatures1thestrugglingoftheproletariatforitsrights2criticalideasoccupiedgreatplace3womenwritersstoodonthestageofliteratureRenaissanceItisheactivityspiritortimeofthegreatrevivalofartliteratureandlearninginEuropebeginninginthe14thcenturyandextendingtothe17thcenturymarkingthetransitionfromthemedievaltothemodernworldTwofeaturesarestrikingofthismovementTheoneisathirstingcuriosityfortheclassicalliteratureTheotheroneisthekeeninterestintheactivitiesofhumanityBlankverseBlankversewritteninunrhymediambicpentameter流派时代EnglishRenaissance15thC17thC主要作品ParadiseLostUlyssesmostofWilliamShakespearesworks代表作家WilliamShakespeareMiltonAlfredLordTennyson影响IthasbeendescribedasprobablythemostcommonandinfluentialformthatEnglishpoetryhastakensincethe16thcenturyandaboutthreequartersofallEnglishpoetryisinblankverseClassicismClassicismAmovementortendencyinartliteratureormusicthatreflectstheprinciplesmanifestedintheartofancientGreeceandRomeClassicismemphasizesthetraditionalandtheuniversalandplacesvalueonreasonclaritybalanceandorderClassicismwithitsconcernonreasonanduniversalthemesistraditionallyopposedtoRomanticismwhichisconcernedwithemotionsandpersonalthemes9Enlightenment16501800时间The18thcenturymarkedthebeginningofanintellectualmovementinEuropeknownasEnlightment意义及影响ItwasonthewholeanexpressionofstruggleofthebourgeoisieagainstfeudalismTheenlightensfoughtagainstclassinequalitystagnationprejudiceandothersurvivaloffeudalismTheyattempttoplaceallbranchesofscienceattheserviceofmankindbyconnectingthemwiththeactualneedsandrequirementsofpeopleTheEnlightenmentIntellectualMovementBourgeoisMovementreasonrationalityequalityscience代表人物EnlightenersJohnLockeGeorgeBerkeleyDavidHumeRichardSteeleJosephAddisonJonathanSwiftandAlexanderPopeDanielDefoeSamuelRichardsonHenryFieldingSmollettRichardSheridanandOliverGoldsmith18thCenturyEnglishLiteratureTimeTheendof17thcentury18thcenturyHistoricalBackgroundPoliticallyGloriousRevolutioncompletionofenclosuremovementandexpropriationEconomicallyIndustrialRevolutionCulturallyEnlightmentNeoClassicismAlexanderPopeRealism4545RealisticWritersasDefoeSwiftFieldingRichardsonSmolletSentimentalismandPreromanticismRobertBurnsandWilliamBlakeSentimentalism时间inthemiddleof18thcentury代表人物及作品ThomasGaryElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyardWilliamCowperTheTaskandGeorgeCrabbeTheVillage意义及影响ItcameintobeingasaresultofabitterdiscontentamongtheenlightenedpeoplewithsocialrealityThepoetryofthesentimentalistsismarkedbyasinceresympathyforthepovertystrickenexpropriatedpeasantsWrittenwithaclassicalprecisionandpolishitshowsakeeninterestintheEnglishcountrysideandasincerefeelingforthelifeofcommonpeopleTheappearanceanddevelopmentofsentimentalismmarkedthemidwayinthetransitionfromclassicismtoRomanticismAestheticism时间themiddleofthe19thcentury代表作家作品及意义ThetwomostimportantrepresentativesofaestheticismsinEnglishliteratureareWalterPaterandOscarWildeTwoofWalterPatersworkareOxfordandtheRenaissanceTheConclusionoftheRenaissancebecameakindofmanifestooftheaestheticmovementinEnglishliteratureAsforOscarWildehisworkHappyPrinceexpressedhissympathywiththesufferingofthepoorandcontemptforthegreedandselfishnessoftherichThePictureofDorianGrayistypicalproductofdecadentliterarytrend影响AestheticismwasaculturalphenomenonoffindesieleinEuropeItwasakindofescapisminessenceRealismandNaturalismRealism1A19thcenturyEuropeanliterarymovement2ThegreatestEnglishnovelistofthetimewasCharlesDickensHisworksOliverTwistGreatExpectationandATaleofTowCitiesandect3The19thcenturyrealisticnovelsaretheepicofthebourgeoissociety4Therealisticnovelsin19thcenturynotonlypicturedtheconflictsbetweenseparateindividualwhostoodfordefinitesocialstratabutalsoshowedthebroadsocialconflictsoverandabovethefateofmereindividualsNaturalism1Alate19thcenturymovement2ThepresentofnaturalismwasJackLondonhisworksWhiteFangTheRedOneandsoon3NaturalismgrewoutofRealismandstressedtheuncaringaspectofnatureandgeneticbiologicaldestinyofman4Thelate19thcenturyAmericanNaturalistsrepresenttheinterminglinginlifeofcontrollingforesandindividualworthpreromanticism时间Inthelaterhalfofthe18thcentury代表人物及作品RobertBurns1Aredredrose2BruceatBannockburnisoneofhisworldfamoussongsofloveandfriendshipThesesongscarrywithanewspiritofromanticismwhichwouldprevailasthemaintrendofEnglishliteratureinearly19thcenturyisatypicalsongofpatriotismthissongsymbolizedforBurnstheunconquerablespiritofhispeopleLakePoetsTimenineteenthcenturyhttpenwikipediaorgwikiPoetshttpenwikipediaorgwikiLakeDistrictTheLakePoetsareagroupofEnglishpoetswhoalllivedintheLakeDistrictofhttpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglandEnglandAsagroupthethreetraversedthesamepathinpoliticsandinpoetrybeginningasradicalandclosingasconservativesTheirthemeisnatureandTheyhttpenwikipediaorgwikiRomanticpoetryareconsideredpartoftheRomanticMovementThethreemainfigureshttpenwikipediaorgwikiWilliamWordsworthWilliamWordsworth17701850httpenwikipediaorgwikiSamuelTaylorColeridgeSamuelTaylorColeridge17721834httpenwikipediaorgwikiRobertSoutheyRobertSouthey17741843MasterpiecehttpenwikipediaorgwikiSamuelTaylorColeridgeTheRimeoftheAncientMarinerSamuelTaylorColeridgeThepoemintroducesthereadertoasupernaturalrealmbutitmanagestocreateasenseofrealityItisoneofthemasterpieceoftheromanticpoetryhttpenwikipediaorgwikiWilliamWordsworthLyricalBalladsWordsworthandColeridgejointlypublishedThepublicationofitmarkedthebreakwiththeconventionalpoeticaltraditionofthe18thcenturyiewiththeclassicismandthebeginningoftheRomanticrevivalinEnglandInfluenceThepublishingoftheLyricalBalladsisthesymbolofthebeganoftheEnglandRomanticMovementTheystartedthenewformoftheromanticpoemswritingandhadimportantinfluenceforthefuturewritersImagist时间ImagistpoetryinBritainin1910sImage4545Imagist4545ImagismAnImageisthatwhichpresentsanintellectualandemotionalcomplexinaninstantoftime45454545EzraPoundImagistpoetsandworksTEHulmeHildaDoolittleTSEliot45TheWasteLandTheLoveSongofJAlfredPrufrockStreamofconsciousness时间20世纪Thestreamofconsciousnessisapsychologicaltermindicatingthefluxofconsciousandsubconsciousthoughtsandimpressionsmovinginthemindatanygiventimeindependentlyofthepersonswill代表作家JamesJoyceVirginiaWoolf