选择性必修第一册重点单词变形、短语、句型
Unit 1 People Achievement
■重点单词变形
1.committed adj.坚定的,坚信的→commit vt.承诺,保证;vi.忠于,全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→commitment n.投入,承诺;
2.conclusion n.结论,推论→conclude v.下结论,得出结论;
3.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等),公开(感谢)→acknowledgement n.承认(属实、权威等),公开(感谢)→acknowledged adj.公认的;
4.gentle adj.温柔的,文静的→gently adv.温柔地,温和地;
5.boil v.沸腾,煮开;n.沸腾,沸点→boiled adj.煮开的→boiling adj.沸腾的;
6.remarkable adj.非凡的,显著的→remarkably adv.惊人地→remark v.&n. 谈论,评论;
7.consequence n.结果,后果→consequent adj.随之发生的,作为结果的→consequently adv.结果,因此;
8.evaluate vt.评价,评估→evaluation n.评论,评估;
9.analyse vt.分析→analysis n.分析(pl. analyses)→analyst n.分析师,分析家;
10.scientific adj.科学的,关于科学的→scientifically adv. 合乎科学地→science n.科学→scientist n.科学家;
11.theory n.理论,学说→theoretical adj.理论上的;
12.novelist n.小说家→novel n.小说;
13.politician n.从政者,政客→politics n.政治→political adj.与政治有关的;
14.relativity n.相对论,相对性→relative adj.相对的;n.亲戚;
15.passion n.酷爱,激情→passionate adj.热情的,狂热的;→passionless adj.不热情的;
16.academy n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院,学会,专科院校→academic adj.学业的,学术的;
17.botanical adj.植物学的→botany n.植物学;
18.objective n.目标,目的;adj.客观的→object n.物体;v.反对;
19.distinct adj.清晰的,有区别的→distinctive adj.独特的,有特色的→distinction n.清楚,清晰;
20.professor n.教授→profession n.专业,职业→professional adj.专业的;n.专业人员;
■重点短语
1.be crucial to 对……至关重要的
2.commit oneself to sth./doing=be committed to sth./doing 致力于……
3.with the objective of... 目的是……
4.be objective about 对……是客观的
5.property right 产权
6.be distinct from 与……不同
7.obtain knowledge 获得知识
8.acknowledge...to be/as 承认……是……
be acknowledged to be/as 被认为是……
acknowledge doing/having done 承认做了……
It is widely acknowledged that... 普遍认为……
9.suffer a defeat 遭受失败
defeat an enemy 打败敌人
10.in the last/final analysis 总之,归根结底
11.conclude from... 从……中推断出来
draw/reach/come to/lead to a conclusion 得出结论
in conclusion 总之,最后
12.insist on sth./ doing sth. 坚称某事,坚决要求做某事
13.in/under the circumstance 在这种情况下,既然如此
in/under no circumstance 无论如何都不,绝不
14.infer from 从……中推断
15.have a passion for 酷爱,喜爱
have a passion to do sth. 殷切希望做某事
16.encounter the enemy = an encounter with the enemy 遭遇敌人
close encounter 近距离接触,险路
17.a large /small sum of money 一大笔钱/少量的钱
to sum up=in sum 总之
18.Sb./Sth. be said/believed/reported to...
It is said/believed/reported that...人们认为/相信……
19.upon doing 一……就……
20.It is an honour (for sb.) to...=I feel it a great honour to...=be/feel honored to...
做……对某人来说是一种荣誉
21.It strikes sb. that... 某人突然想到……
■重点句型
1.In the beginning,Tu Youyou went to Hainan,where malaria was more common,to study malaria patients.
在开始的时候,屠呦呦去了海南研究疟疾患者,在那里疟疾较为普遍。
2.Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered.
后来,这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试,大多数患者都康复了。
3.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine.”
听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这个荣誉不仅仅属于我。”
4.It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.
中国的科学研究和中医药走向世界,确实是一种荣誉。
5.He had a thick moustache and long white hair,which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.
他留着浓密的胡须和长长的白发,有时白发挺立,就好像刚遭了电击。
Unit 2 Looking into the future
■重点单词变形
1.persuade v.劝说,说服→persuasion n.说服,说服力→persuasive adj.有说服力的;
2.distant adj.遥远的,疏远的,心不在焉的→distance n.遥远,远处;
3.secure adj.安全的,可靠的;vt.保护,获得→insecure adj.不安全的,不可靠的→security n.保护措施,安全工作;
4.efficient adj.效率高的,有功效的→efficiently adv.效率高地→efficiency n.效率,效能→inefficient adj.无效的;
5.prefer v.更喜欢→preference n.偏爱;
6.warn v.警告→warning n.警告,先兆;
7.relevant adj.有关的,切题的→irrelevant adj.不相干的,不切题的→relevance n.关联,适当;
8.combine v.混合,(使)结合→combination n.结合,组合;
9.predict v.预测,预料→prediction n.预测,语言;
10.occupy v.占用,占领→occupation n.职业,占领→occupied adj.被占领的,忙于……的;
11.resist v.抵制,反抗,抵挡→resistance n.抵制,反对,抗拒→resistant adj.抵抗的,反抗的;
12.accurate adj.精确的,准确的→accuracy n.精准,准确→accurately adv.精确地,准确地;
13.add v.增加,添加→addition n.增加,附加,加→additional adj.附加的,额外的→additionally adv.额外地;
14.impress v.使印象深刻→impression n.印象,感想→impressive adj.令人赞叹的,给人印象深刻的;
15.except prep.除……之外→exception n.除……之外→exceptional adj.例外的,杰出的→exceptionally adv.异常地,例外地;
16.reject v.拒绝;n.次品→rejection n.拒绝;
17.deceased adj.已故的→decease n.死亡,亡故;
18.emphasis n.强调,重视→(复数)emphases→emphasize v.强调,重视;
19.critical adj.严重的,关键的→critic n.评论家→criticize v.批评,评论;
19.benefit n.利益,好处;v.有益于,有助于→beneficial adj.有益的;
20.state v.陈述,说明;n.状态,情况→statement n.陈述,说明→statesman n.政治家;
21.innovate v.革新→innovation n.创新,创造;
22.detect v.发现,查明→detective adj.侦探的;n.侦探→detection n.侦查,探测;
23.oppose v.反对,地址,阻扰→opposed adj.反对的→opposite adj.对面的,相反的→opposition n.反对;
■重点短语
1.keep track of 了解……的动态,与……保持联系
2.can't help but do sth.忍不住做某事
3.sent out 发出(声音、信号、光等),分发,散发
4.switch off/on 关/开(电灯、机器等)
5.catch fire 起火,着火
6.in this sense (in...sense) 从这种(某种)意义上讲
7.keep in touch with 和……取得联系
8.early on 在初期,早先
9.persuade sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do = persuade sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
10.be distant from... 离……远的
11.in the distance 在远方,在远处
12.have a preference for 偏爱,喜爱
13.in an instant 立即,马上
the instant (that)... 一……就……(充当连词)
14.in addition to (doing sth.) 除做……外还……
15.add up to 加起来等于,总计
16.warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事……
warn sb. about/against sb./sth. 警告某人不要……,提醒某人提防……
17.be relevant to... =have sth. to do with 与……有关
18.combine...with... = be combined with... 与……结合起来
19.be impressed with/by 被……感动
impress sth. on sb. 使某人意识到某事
impress sb. with sth. 某事给某人留下深刻印象
20.with the exception of 除……之外
21.oppose sth./doing sth./sb. doing sth. 反对某事/做某事/某人做某事
22.advocate sth./doing sth. 提倡/主张(做)某事
23.lay/put/place emphasis upon/on 强调/重视/着重于……
24.for the benefit of sb./ for sb’s benefit 为了某人的利益
benefit from/by 从……中受益,得益于……
25.can’t resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事
26.be resistant to... 对……有抵抗力
27.It’s stated that... 据称……
28.make/issue a statement on/about... 关于……发表声明
■重点句型
1.They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century,and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future.
自18世纪以来,他们主要以农民的身份生活,在遥远的未来,他们可能也会以同样的方式生活。
2.It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large,polluted cities.
甚至可以说,阿曼门诺派的生活质量更好,因为他们生活在自然环境中,欣赏自然,而不是生活在污染严重的大城市里。
3.Moreover,the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.
此外,互联网使朋友和家人能够很容易地保持联系,即使他们在世界的两端。
4.It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier,as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.
它还让人们更容易在生活中寻找机会,因为它允许人们通过使用社交媒体建立更大的朋友网络。
Unit 3 Fascinating Parks
■重点单词变形
1.cloth n.布料→clothes n.衣服→clothing n.(总称)衣服,服装;
2.boundary n.边界,界限→bound adj.受约束的;
3.visible adj.可见的,看得见的→invisible adj.不可见的→visibility n.可见度,明显性→vision n.视力,视觉→visual adj.视觉的;
4.move n.移动;v.搬迁,使感动→movable adj.可移动的,活动的→movement n.运动,活动;
5.accompany v.陪伴,伴奏,配有→company n.陪伴,陪同→companion n.同伴,伙伴;
6.adopt v.采纳,收养→adopted adj.收养的,领养的,移居的→adoption n.收养→adoptive adj.收养的;
7.bless v.为……乞神保佑,祝福,赋予→blessing n.准许;
8.prohibit v.(尤指以法令)禁止,阻止→prohibition n.禁止,阻止,禁令→prohibitive adj.(价格或费用)高额的令人难以忍受的,(以法令)禁止的;
9.journalist n.新闻记者→journal n.日报,杂志;
10.fascinating adj.迷人的,极有吸引力的→fascinate v.使着迷,使迷住→fascinated adj.着迷的,被深深吸引的→fascination n.魅力,魔力,入迷;
11.rewarding adj.有意义的,有益的,有报酬的→reward n.回报,奖励,悬赏金;v.奖励,奖赏;
12.cycle n.自行车;v.骑自行车→cycling n.骑自行车→cyclist n.骑自行车的人;
13.incredible adj.极好的,难以置信的→incredibly adv.极其;
14.appeal v.有感染力,有吸引力,呼吁;上诉;n.吸引力,恳求→appealing adj.有吸引力的,有感染力的;
15.adorable adj.可爱的,讨人喜欢的→adore v.崇拜,敬重,喜爱;
16.amusement n.娱乐活动,愉悦→amuse v.使发笑,使愉悦→amused adj.感到有趣的;
17.fashion n.时尚,流行款式;v.把……做成……的形状→fashionable adj.时髦的,流行的→fashionably adv.赶时髦地;
18.rare adj.稀少的,珍贵的,半熟的→rarely adv.几乎不,很少;
19.entertainment n.娱乐,娱乐活动,招待→entertainer n.表演者,艺人→entertain v.招待,使……娱乐→entertaining adj.使人愉快的,有趣的;
20.wander n.&v.闲逛,游荡→wandering adj.流浪的,漂泊的;
■重点短语
1.have/gain an edge on/over... 比……占优势
2.impose a ban on... 颁布对……的禁令
ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事
3.move about/around 四处走动,经常搬动
4.accompany sb. = keep sb. company 陪伴某人
accompany sb. at/ on sth. 用某物为某人伴奏
in the company of sb. 在某人的陪伴下
5.adopt sb. as 收养为……
be adopted from 选自……,取自……
6.set out to do 出发,打算做……
set about doing 开始/着手做……
7.be blessed with 使有幸得到
8.live off 依靠……生活,以吃……为生
9.prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事
prohibit sb. from doing 禁止某人做
prohibit sb’s doing 阻止某人做
10.sneeze at 小看,轻视,嗤之以鼻
11.label sth. with sth. 把……贴在……上
12.stretch for 延伸
stretch out 平躺,伸出,伸开
13.a reward for doing sth. 因做某事而获得的奖励
in reward for... 作为对……的回报
reward sb. with sth. 用某物奖励某人
reward sb. for doing sth. 因做某事而奖赏某人
14.appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁
appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事
make an appeal to sb. (for sth.) 为某事向某人呼吁
15.wander around 徘徊,晃荡
16.amuse sb./oneself by sth./doing sth. 通过……使得到乐趣
amuse sb./oneself with sth./doing sth. 以某事(物)逗乐
17.in fashion 正在流行
out of fashion 不流行
18.it’s up to sb. to do sth.取决于某人做某事
19.upside down 颠倒,翻转
20.on display 展览,公开展出
21.have an appetite for 喜欢……
■重点句型
1.I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent.
风噼里啪啦地拍打着我的帐篷,我在这声响中醒来。
2.Spreading out before me,branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below.
拉帕河的支流在我面前展开,流经下面的山谷。
3.Following the reindeer were the Sami people,who made this territory their home.
跟随着驯鹿步伐的是萨米人,他们在这片土地上安家落户。
4.Whichever and whatever you like,there is an incredible theme park that will appeal to you!
无论你喜欢哪一个,无论你喜欢什么,总会有一个奇妙无比的主题公园让你流连忘返!
Unit 4 Body Language
■重点单词变形
1.interact v.相互作用,互动→interaction n.交流,互相影响→interactive adj.相互交流的,互动的;
2.vary v.变化,改变→variety n.种类→various adj.各种各样的;
3.appropriate adj.合适的,恰当的→inappropriate adj.不恰当的,不合适的→appropriately adv.恰当地,合适地;
4.approve vt.批准,通过(计划、要求等);vi.赞成→approval n.赞成,同意,认可→disapprove v.不同意;
5.employ v.雇佣,利用(时间、精力等)→employment n.工作,职业,雇佣→unemployment n.失业→employee n.雇员→employer n.雇主;
6.differ v.有区别,不同于;看法不同→difference n.区别→different adj.不同的→differently adv.不同地;
7.compare v.对比,比较→comparison n.对比,比较;
8.favour v.较喜欢,选择;n.帮助,赞同→favorable adj.有利的,良好的,赞成的→favorite adj.最喜欢的;
9.anger n. 怒火,怒;v.使发怒,激怒→angry adj.生气的,愤怒的→angrily adv.生气地,愤怒地;
10.reliable adj.可依赖的,可靠的→unreliable adj.不可靠的→rely v.信赖,可靠;
11.nonverbal adj.非语言的→verbal adj.口头的,动词的→verb n.动词;
12.assessment n.看法,评价,判定→assess v.评价,评定,估算→assessable adj.可估价的,可评价的;
13.clarify v.澄清,阐明,纯净,净化→clarification n.澄清→clarity n.清楚,明确→clarifying adj.澄清的→clarified adj.纯净的;
14.educate v.教育,培养→education n.教育,培养→educated adj.受过教育的,有教养的→educational adj.教育的,有教育意义的;
15.tendency n.倾向,趋势,去世→tend v.趋势,倾向,照顾→tendentious adj.有偏见的,有倾向性的;
16.occupy v.占据,占用(时间、空间等),忙于→occupation n.工作,消遣,占领→occupied adj.使用中,忙于(不用于名词前),被占领的;
17.distract v.转移(注意力),使分心→distracted adj.心烦意乱的,思想不集中的→distraction n.分散注意力的事;
18.distinguish v.识别,区分,使杰出,使受尊重→distinguished adj.卓越的,著名的;
19.anxiety n.焦虑,担心→anxious adj.焦虑的,担忧的;
20.embarrasse