六级考前最新命制试卷一

六级考前最新命制试卷一 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled College Graduates’ Craze for Joining the Army. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 1. 近几年一股大学毕业生“参军热”在大学校园兴起 2. 出现这一现象的原因 3. 作为大学生，我如何看待大学生当兵现象 College Graduates’ Craze for Joining the Army ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. 7 Health Problems for the Modern Age Modern life, with its emphasis on information, automation, computerization, and globalization, has made work easier and given us more leisure options, but we now have a whole host of new health problems. Only time will tell if these modern health problems disappear like 8-track tapes and rotary phones. Until then, here are some of the new maladies (疾病) we have in store for us. Computer Vision Syndrome  If you spend all day staring at a computer screen, you may be at risk for computer vision syndrome (CVS), also called occupational asthenopia. CVS includes all eye or vision-related problems suffered by people who spend a lot of time on computers. According to the American Optometric Association, symptoms of CVS include headaches; dry, red, or burning eyes; blurred or double vision; trouble focusing; difficulty distinguishing colors; sensitivity to light; and even pain in the neck or back. As many as 75 percent of computer users have symptoms of CVS due to glare, poor lighting, and improper workstation setup. To overcome CVS, keep your monitor about two feet away from you and six inches below eye level, and be sure it's directly in front of you to minimize eye movement. Adjust lighting to remove any glare or reflections. You can also adjust the brightness on your monitor to ease eyestrain. Even simple steps can help, like looking away from your monitor every 20 or 30 minutes and focusing on something farther away. And you can always use eyedrops to perk up your peepers! Earbud-related Hearing Loss  Earbuds are the headphones used with many digital music players. They fit inside the ear but don't cancel out background noise, requiring users to turn up the volume, often to 110 to 120 decibels—loud enough to cause hearing loss after only an hour and 15 minutes. And today, people spend much more time listening to their portable players, exposing themselves to damaging noise for longer periods of time. As a result, young people are developing the type of hearing loss normally seen in much older adults. Experts recommend turning down the volume and limiting the amount of time spent listening to music players to about an hour a day. Headphones that fit outside the ear canal also help, as can noise-canceling headphones that reduce background noise so listeners don't have to crank up the volume. E-thrombosis  This condition is related to deep vein thrombosis (血栓形成), where blood clots (血栓) form in deep veins, such as those in the legs. These clots can be fatal if they migrate to the lungs and cause a pulmonary embolism. Clots can form when blood supply slows or stops, such as in a period of prolonged immobility. Similarly, e-thrombosis is the development of clots in the deep veins of someone who spends long amounts of time in front of a computer without moving. Although only a handful of e-thrombosis cases have been reported, millions of people who spend most of their time in front of a computer are at risk. Avoiding e-thrombosis is simple: stand up and move around every hour, tap your toes while you work, put equipment and supplies in different parts of your work area so you have to move to get them, don't cross your legs while sitting at your desk, don't spend your lunch break at your desk (go for a quick walk instead), and don't get too comfortable—if your workspace is ultra-cozy, you won't want to get up. Generalized Anxiety Disorder We all have worries, uncertainties, and fears, but generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is excessive or unrealistic unease or concern about life's problems. Although the disorder often manifests without any specific cause, large issues of modern life (such as terrorism, the economy, and crime) can bring it about, as can individual circumstances like dealing with an illness. GAD affects about 6.8 million people in the United States, and symptoms include restlessness, fatigue, irritability, impatience, difficulty concentrating, headaches, upset stomach, and shortness of breath. Anxiety disorders like GAD are treated with antianxiety drugs, antidepressants, psychotherapy, or a combination of these. Orthorexia Nervosa  It seems like every day there's a new report about something you shouldn't eat. The constant bombardment of information about food and health can confuse anyone, but for people who have the eating disorder orthorexia nervosa, it can be downright dangerous. People with this condition are obsessed with eating healthful food and have constructed strict diets that they follow religiously. Although many people who have orthorexia nervosa become underweight, thinness is not their goal—nutritional purity is. Among the signs of orthorexia nervosa are: spending more than three hours a day thinking about healthful food; planning meals days in advance; feeling virtuous from following a strict healthful diet, but not enjoying eating; feeling socially isolated (such strict diets make it hard to eat anywhere but at home); and feeling highly critical of those who do not follow a similar diet. Although the psychiatric community does not officially recognize orthorexia nervosa as a disorder, those with the condition benefit from psychological treatment and sessions with eating-disorder specialists. Sick Building Syndrome  Rising energy costs aren't just harmful to your wallet; if you work in an office building, they could be making you physically ill. Businesses have found that by packing buildings with insulation, then adding caulking and weather stripping, they can seal buildings tight, keep indoor temperatures constant, and cut energy costs in the process. Such measures require the heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to work harder to recycle air. After all, when the building is sealed, you can't open a window to let fresh air circulate. The result is sick building syndrome, which the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) classifies as a situation where building occupants experience discomforting health effects even though no specific cause can be found. Symptoms include headache; eye, nose, or throat irritation; dry cough; dry or itchy skin; dizziness; nausea; fatigue; and sensitivity to odors. The EPA estimates that 30 percent of all U.S. office buildings could be "sick," so they recommend routine maintenance of HVAC systems, including cleaning or replacing filters; replacing water-stained ceiling tiles and carpeting; restricting smoking in and around buildings; and ventilating areas where paints, adhesives, or solvents are used. Social Anxiety Disorder Despite all the ways to interact with others in our ethnologically savvy world, those with social anxiety disorder feel boxed in by the shrinking globe. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), people with social anxiety disorder have an "intense, persistent, and chronic fear of being watched and judged by others and of doing things that will embarrass them," and that fear can be so intense that it interferes with work, school, and other ordinary activities and can make it hard to make and keep friends. But the condition has physical manifestations, too, including trembling, upset stomach, heart palpitations, confusion, and diarrhea. The cause hasn't been nailed down, but social anxiety disorder is probably due to a combination of environmental and hereditary (遗传的) factors. About 15+million people in the United States are affected by social anxiety disorder, which usually begins during childhood. Like other anxiety disorders, treatment often involves medication and psychotherapy. 1. What does the author suggest you do to overcome CVS? A) Keep the monitor some inches above eye level. B) Avoid glare or reflections on the computer screen. C) Adjust lighting to make the room as bright as possible. D) Use a laptop computer instead of a desktop computer. 2. What can cause hearing loss according to the passage? A) Playing the music through a loudspeaker. B) Using headphones that fit outside the ear canal. C) Listening to high-volume music players for long. D) Exposing to noisy music for a short period of time. 3. People are at risk of developing e-thrombosis if they ______. A) spend most of their time in front of a computer B) stay indoors for long periods of time C) eat working lunch in the office every work day D) have to move around all the day 4. To avoid E-thrombosis, people who work with computer should ______. A) cross their legs while they work C) make their workplace more comfortable B) get up and walk around at intervals D) have working equipment at hand 5. What do we learn about generalized anxiety disorder from the passage? A) It can be caused by individual circumstances. B) It is mainly related to crime and terrorist attacks. C) It is extremely difficult for people to overcome. D) It affects only a small number of people in the US. 6. Many people who have the eating disorder orthorexia nervosa ______. A) follow a strict healthful diet C) tend to gain weight quickly B) are dangerous to the society D) are usually socially active 7. What do the EPA recommend people do to prevent sick building syndrome? A) ban smoking in and around buildings C) maintain the HVAC systems routinely B) open windows to let fresh air circulate D) move out of the “sick” office buildings 8. According to the NIH, it can be difficult for people with social anxiety disorder to ________________. 9. Social anxiety disorder is probably the result of the combination effects of gene and ________________. 10. This passage discusses some of the _________________ we have in the modern life. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 11. A) Went to New York. C) Visited her sister. B) Stayed at home. D) Talked with her sister. 12. A) The woman’s son will enjoy the zoo. B) He would prefer to go to the zoo alone. C) He’d like to accept the woman’s invitation. D) He’s looking forward to the weekend trip with her. 13. A) His roommate is messy. C) He didn’t clean the apartment. B) He needs to clean the lab. D) He helped to clean his apartment. 14. A) Make more copies of the letter. C) Ask for an extension for the paper. B) Find out when the new job begins. D) Get a more recent reference letter. 15. A) To tell him they are busy. C) To invite him to go to a movie. B) To cancel an appointment. D) To ask him a question about homework. 16. A) The dog is quite friendly. C) He has already returned the dog. B) The dog is quite troublesome. D) He is glad Debbie gave him the dog. 17. A) German. B) Spanish. C) Japanese. D) Chinese. 18. A) He doesn’t like beaches. C) He would rather stay at home. B) He has to study on Saturday. D) He is going to have the final exam. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) It is too expensive. C) He has already had one. B) It is scratched all over. D) He doesn’t like its color. 20. A) Its sleeves are stained. C) It is too