2021届高三下学期新高考英语押题卷（6） Word版含解析.doc

2021英语高考预演押题卷（新高考）（六） 本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A North American Train Routes for a Family Vacation     The Adirondack     Considered one of the top ten scenic train rides in the world, the Adirondack train route travels from New York City's Penn Station to Montreal, Canada. The 10-hour trip is great for a weekend away in either Montreal or Manhattan. The route will take you past West Point Academy, the Hudson River Valley and fifty miles of Lake Champlain.     The Vermonter     The almost 14-hour trip from Washington, D. C. to St. Albans, Vermont takes you from the U.S. capital, through the beautiful New England states of Connecticut and Massachusetts on the way to Vermont. As you travel through New England towns, you'll be able to see some of the most beautiful scenery in this area, including rivers, falls and covered bridges.     The Downeaster     The Downeaster was established in 2001 and was expanded several years ago northward to Freeport and Brunswick, Maine. The short ride (between three and four hours) includes a trip along the beautiful Maine coastline. With five round-trips offered daily, it's a great way for Massachusetts families to visit Maine for a day or longer. Many of these routes carry volunteers to aid passengers with questions about local attractions and destinations.     The Pennsylvanian     Both New York City and Pittsburgh are great family vacation destinations and the Pennsylvanian route takes you through the beautiful Pennsylvanian landscape between the two major cities. The 9.5-half hour trip travels through a variety of different terrains(地形), and stops along the way including Newark, Philadelphia, Harrisburg and Altoona. The connecting train service is available for those looking to travel to Cleveland, Chicago, and Toledo from Pittsburgh. 1. Which train route offers the best choice for a one-day sightseeing?A. The Adirondack. B. The Vermonter.C. The Downeaster. D. The Pennsylvanian.2. Where is St. Albans?A. In Vermont. B. In Washington, D. C.C. Between Connecticut and Massachusetts.D. Between Washington, D. C. and Massachusetts.3. How can you go to Chicago from New York City by train?A. By taking a train at Penn Station to Montreal.B. By taking a connecting train at Pittsburgh.C. By traveling to Cleveland and then to Chicago.D. By traveling through New England states to Chicago. B     The ear is made up of three different sections that work together to collect sounds and send them to the brain: the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear.     The outer ear is made up of the pinna and the ear canal. The pinna is the part of the ear you see on the side of your head. Its main job is to gather sounds and funnel them to the ear canal, which is the pathway that leads to the middle ear. Glands(腺) in the skin lining the ear canal produce earwax(耳垢), which protects the canal by cleaning out dirt and helping to prevent infections.     The middle ear is an air-filled hole that turns sound waves into vibrations and delivers them to the inner ear. The middle ear is separated from the outer ear by the eardrum(鼓膜), a thin piece of tissue stretched tight across the ear canal. Sounds hit the eardrum, causing it to move.     The vibrations from the middle ear change into nerve signals in the inner ear. The inner ear includes the cochlea(耳蜗) and the semicircular canals. The snail-shaped cochlea changes the vibrations from the middle ear into nerve signals. These signals travel to the brain along the cochlear nerve, also known as the hearing nerve.     Teach kids to protect their hearing by paying attention to the noise levels they're exposed to. Have them turn down the volume on video games, TVs, and, especially, portable music players. Make sure they take hearing protection (like earplugs or protective headphones) when they'll be around loud noises (at a concert, car race, etc.).     If your child has any trouble with hearing, turn to your doctor. Treating hearing loss early can limit the damage. 4. What's the usage of the ear canal?A. To serve as a bridge.B. To produce earwax in the ear.C. To prevent infections.D. To gather and funnel sounds.5. Which part is between the outer ear and the middle ear?A. The ear canal. B. The eardrum.C. The inner ear. D. The cochlea.6. What's the author's advice to the child with hearing impairment?A. Consult the doctor.B. Take hearing protection.C. Clean ears regularly.D. Turn down the volume.7. Who is the passage written for?A. The scientists. B. The parents.C. The teachers. D. The kids. C     A recent article published by the science journal Nature Neuroscience says that excessive (过度的) light exposure at night leads to symptoms of depression in mice.     Health experts have long suggested that exposure to light during nighttime may lead to depression in humans, but now Chinese scientists have verified that this happens to mice.     Scientists from the University of Science and Technology of China, based in Hefei, Anhui Province, found that the effect was partly controlled by a neural pathway that carries signals from the eyes to a specific region of brain. Blocking the pathway could prevent the effect, the paper said.     In their experiments, the scientists exposed dozens of mice to blue light from 9 p. m. to 11 p.m. Blue light was chosen because neurons are most sensitive to it, according to An Kai, the lead author of the paper, which was published in the science journal  Nature Neuroscience.     "To our surprise, the effect was very obvious in mice," said An. "The exposure resulted in more than 70 percent of the subject mice exhibiting depressive symptoms, which was shown by two classical tests."     The mice exhibited decreased mobility in the forced swimming test and decreased preference in the sugar preference test.     An said researchers finally hope to verify the mechanism in humans, but further experiments are required.     Mice are more active at night than in the daytime, which is contrary to humans.     "For the next stage of research, we will move on to other animals whose biological rhythms are closer to humans, An said.     Exposure to excessive light at nighttime, either from lights or the use of electronic devices such as mobile phones or personal computers before bedtime, has been associated with a greater risk of depression, the paper noted. 8.What has the research found?A.Humans are depressed when they're exposed to light at night.B.Much exposure to light at night makes mice depressed.C.Mice are more sensitive to light at night than humans.D.It's harmful to be exposed to blue light at night.9.What does the underlined word "verified" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Proved