篇章翻译练习

1徐霞客一生周游考察了十六个省足迹几乎遍及全国他在考察的过程中从来不盲目迷信书本上的结论他发现前人研究地理的记载有许多很不可靠的地方为了进行真实细致的考察他很少乘车坐船几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭长途跋涉为了弄清大自然的真相他总是挑选道路艰险的山区人迹稀少的森林进行考察发现了许多奇山秀景他常常选择不同的时间和季节多次重游各地名山反复观察变换的奇景XuXiaketouredandinvestigated16provincesinhislifetimecoveringalmostthewholeofChinathewholecountryWhenhewascarryingouthisinvestigationshenevertookblindbeliefintheconclusionsinthebooksInsteadhefoundalotofunreliablepointsinthegeographicrecordstakenbyhispredecessorsInordertomakehisinvestigationsreliableandthoroughheseldomtraveledbycarriageorboatInsteadhetooklongarduoustripsonfootalmostallthetimeclimbingmountainsandhillsInordertolearnaboutthetruthofnaturehealwayschosetoconductinvestigationsinmountainousareaswithdangerousroadsandinlonelyuntraveledwoodswherehediscoveredalotofmagnificentpeaksandbeautifulsights2多少年来我养成了一个习惯每天早晨四点在黎明以前起床工作我不出去跑步或散步而是一下床就干活儿因此我对黎明前的北京的了解是在屋子里感觉到的我从前在什么报上读过一篇文章讲黎明时分天安门广场上的清洁工人那情景必然是非常动人的可惜我从未能见到只是心向往之而已FormanyyearsIhavebeeninthehabitofgettingupbeforedaybreaktostartworkatfourInsteadofgoingoutforajogorwalkIllsetaboutmyworkassoonasImoutofbedAsaresultitisfrominsidemystudythatIvegotthefeelofpredawnBeijingYearsagoIhituponanewspaperarticleaboutstreetcleanersinTiananmenSquareatdaybreakItmusthavebeenaverymovingscenebutwhatapityIhaventseenitwithmyowneyesIcanonlypictureitinmymindlongingly3长沙是一个有3000多年历史的美丽古城城市的西边是秀美的岳麓山山下有千年书院岳麓书院等众多古迹市区中心的古城楼天心阁距今有1000多年的历史千百年来水质清纯终年不断的白沙古井也坐落在长沙城中今天的长沙市民还常常在这里打水饮用湘江中的橘子洲头是当年毛泽东先生经常漫步思考的地方后来还写了一首非常著名的诗来赞美她Changshaisabeautifulancientcitywithahistoryofover3000yearsWestofthecityisthebeautifulYueluHillatthefootofthehillaremanyhistoricsitessuchasYueluAcademyInthecenterofthecityistheancientcitygatetower45TianxinTowerwhichwasfirstbuilt1000yearsagoAlsolocatedinthecityistheancientBaishaWellfromwhichclearandpurewaterhasbeengushingoutnonstopthroughouttheyearforthousandsofyearsInhabitantsinChangshatodaystillcomeheretofetchwaterfordrinkingOrangeIslandintheXiangRiverwaswhereMrMaoZedongoftenrambledandmeditatedLaterhewroteaveryfamouspoeminitspraise54洞庭湖是中国第二大淡水湖洞庭湖畔的岳阳楼是中国三大名楼中唯一保持原址原貌的国家重点保护文物岳阳楼所处的位置极好它屹立于岳阳古城之上背靠岳阳城俯瞰洞庭湖遥对君山岛北依长江南通湘江自古以来就是人们观光旅游的好地方LakeDongtingisChinassecondlargestfreshwaterlakeYueyangTowerwhichislocatedonitsshoresisanationalkeyculturalrelicforprotectionastheonlyoneofChinasfamoustowersthatiskeptinitsoriginalconditionatitsoriginalsiteThetowerisveryfavorablylocatedstandingasitdoesonYueyangsancientcitywallwiththecitybehindandoverlookingLakeDongtingtothedistantJunshanIsletoitsnorthistheYangtzeRiverandtothesouththeXiangRiverSinceancienttimesthetowerhasbeenagoodplaceforsightseeingandtouringPicture5目前人类的生存环境正在遭到破坏美丽的大自然已经不那么美丽了保护野生动物也就是保护人娄自己我强烈呼吁不要再捕杀黑猩猩不要再捕杀野生动物了让我们人类多一些地球上的朋友多给我们下一代保留一些野生动物吧否则地球将毁灭在人类手中人类将毁灭在自己手中AtpresentmanslivingenvironmentisbeingruinedandbeautifulnatureisnolongersobeautifulProtectionofwildlifeisprotectionofmanhimselfSoIappealstronglytoalltostopkillingthechimpanzeeoranyotherwildanimalLetushumanbeingshavemorefriendsontheearthandleavemorewildlifeforfuturegenerationsOrtheearthwouldbedestroyedbymanandmanbymanhimself6中秋节中秋节是中国一个很重要的节日在八月十五号在节日来临的前几天家庭中的每一个人都帮着打扫房子把房子装扮得漂漂亮亮的灯笼挂在屋前晚上有一顿美餐离家在外工作的人也要回来团圆晚饭后人们点亮灯笼一般是红色的圆灯笼孩子们会高高兴兴地玩他们的玩具灯笼夜晚月亮又圆又大人们在赏月的同时吃着中秋节特别的食品月饼人们在一起回顾过去展望未来据说天上有一条龙它要把月亮吞下去为了保护月亮孩子们要弄出很大的响动把龙吓跑TheMidAutumnFestivalTheMidAutumnDayisaveryimportantChinesefestivalItfallsonthe15thAugustofthelunarcalendarAfewdaysbeforethefestivaleveryoneinthefamilyhelpstomakethehousecleanandbeautifulLanternswillbehunginfrontofthehouseOntheeveningtherewillbeabigfamilydinnerPeoplewhoworkfarawayfromtheirhomeswilltrytocomebackforthereunionAfterdinnerpeoplewilllightthelanternswhichareusuallyredandroundChildrenwillplaywiththeirowntoylanternshappilyAtnightthemoonisusuallyroundandbrightPeopleenjoythemoonwhileeatingmooncakeswhicharethespecialfoodforthisfestivalTheycouldlookbackonthepastandlookforwardtothefuturetogetherItissaidthattherewasadragonintheskyandthedragonwantedtoswallowupthemoonSothechildrenhavetomakeabignoiseinordertoprotectthemoonandfrightenthedragonaway7意大利著名旅行家马可波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州这是世界上最美妙迷人的城市它使人觉得自己身在天堂在中国也流传着这样的话上有天堂下有苏杭杭州的名气主要在于风景如画的西湖西湖一年四季都美不胜收宋代著名诗人苏东坡用淡妆浓抹总相宜的诗句来赞誉西湖在杭州您可以饱览西湖的秀色也不妨漫步街头闹市品尝一下杭州的名菜名点还可购上几样名特土产ThefamousItaliantravelerMarcoPolewassoimpressedbythebeautyofHangzhouthathedescribeditasthemistfascinatingcityintheworldwhereonefeelsthatheisinparadiseInChinatherehasbeenacenturyoldpopularsayingpraisingthecityInHeaventhereisParadiseonEarththereareSuzhouandHangzhouHangzhousfameliesmainlyinitspicturesqueWestLakeAsitisbeautifulalltheyearroundtheWestLakewaspraisedbySuDongpoacelebratedpoetoftheSongDynastytoabeautywhoisalwayscharmingineitherlightorheavymakeupInHangzhouyouwillnotonlyfindthelakeaperfectdelighttotheeyebutalsofinditajoytostrollalongthebusystreetstastefamousHangzhoudishesandbuysomespeciallocalproducts8我们中国是世界上最大国家之一它的领土和整个欧洲的面积差不多相等在这个广大的领土之上有广大的肥田沃地给我们以衣食之源有纵横全国的大小山脉给我们生长了广大的森林贮藏了丰富的矿产有很多的江河湖泽给我们以舟楫和灌溉之利有很长的海岸线给我们以交通海外各民族的方便从很早的古代起我们中华民族的祖先就劳动生息繁殖在这块广大的土地之上OurChinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworldsimilartowholeEuropeanareaequallyinitsterritoryOnthisvastterritorytherearevastfertilelandsgiveusthesourceofthebasicnecessitiesoflifeTherearebignationalhillandpulseverticallyandhorizontallywehavegrowninthevastforesthavepreservedtheabundantmineralproductsTherearemanyriversandlakepooltheprofitgivingusthevesselandirrigatingThereareverylongcoastlinesgiveustheconvenienceoftheoverseasvariousnationalitiesofthetrafficFromveryearlyancienttimestheancestorofourChinesenationworkslivesbreedsonthisvastland9上海是中国最大的城市在这里选购物品最合适上海品种繁多的小吃糕点和手工艺品纺织品会使您感到满意离上海仅有几小时路程的苏州和杭州是中国园林艺术的代表被人称为天堂北京是中国的政治文化中心在这里您可以游览万里长城中的一段八达岭明清两代皇室居住的地方故宫清朝御花园颐和园和北海还可以品尝到正宗的北京烤鸭涮羊肉核心词提示手工艺品handicraft小吃snack园林garden八达岭Badaling故宫GugongImperialPalace颐和园YiheyuanSummerPalace北海BeihaiShanghaiashoppingcenterforbestbuysisthelargestcityinChinaTouristswillbesatisfiedwithwhatthecitysuppliesfromvarioussnacksandcakestohandicraftsandtextilesNeighboringSuzhouandHangzhouonlyacoupleofhoursawayfromShanghaibytrainaretwogardencitieseachconsideredbyChinesetobeParadiseonearthBeijingisapoliticalandculturalcenterthatofferssomescenicattractionsBadalingwhichisapartofthespectacularGreatWallGugongImperialPalacewhereemperorsoftheMingandtheQingdynastieslivedYiheyuanSummerPalacewhichisanimperialgardenoftheQingdynastyandBeihaialsoanimperialgardenusedbysuccessiveemperorsintheYuantheMingandtheQingdynastiesThereismoretoBeijingthanbuildingsFoodssuchasauthenticBeijingroastduckandinstantboiledmuttonhaveprovedpopularwithtouristsaswell10武术在我国源远流长是中华民族传统文化的瑰宝我们知道一个民族的优秀文化遗产不仅仅属于一个民族它会逐渐传播到世界而成为人类的共同财富武术的蓬勃发展除得益于其项目本身的吸引力之外早期移居海外的一代武术大师功不可没核心词提示武术Wushu大师masterWushuorChinesemartialartcanbetracedbacktoancienttimesItisagemofChinesetraditionalcultureAsweallknowthefinecultureofanationdoesntbelongtothenationaloneanditwillbespreadtotherestoftheworldandsharedbyallhumanityTheboomingofWushuisattributednotonlytotheattractivenessofthesportbutalsotoemigrantChineseWushumastersovertheyears11改革开放30年来随着中国逐渐崛起成为政治经济强国海外人士学习汉语的现象与日俱增海外孔子学院也成了人们学习中国语言和中国文化的首选之地通过学习汉语他们对这个和自己文化大相径庭的古老文明产生了浓厚的兴趣而且有机会了解中国的哲学艺术医学饮食文化亲身体验这个文明古国的风采核心词提示孔子学院ConfuciusInstitute饮食文化cateringcultureAsChinaisrisingasapoliticalandeconomicworldpowerthankstoitsthreedecadereformandopeningupmoreandmorepeopleinoverseascountriesstarttolearnChineseandturntoaConfuciusInstituteintheirowncountriesastheirfirstchoicelearningChineselanguageandChinesecultureDuringthelearningprocessthelearnersconcurrentlydeveloptheirinterestinthisancientlandwhosecivilizationissovastlydifferentfromtheirsAndthelearnershaveopportunitiestolearnaboutChinesephilosophyartarchitecturemedicineandcateringcultureandexperiencefirsthandthesplendorsofthisvenerablecivilization12越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时也通晓中文的重要性中国的崛起让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处既能增加他们的就业机会也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化核心词提示双语bilingualAnincreasingnumberofEnglisheducatedChineseparentsoverseashavecometotherealizationthatwhileEnglishlearningisindispensabletotheirchildrenitisessentialthattheirkidshaveagoodcommandofChineseChinasrisehasfullyawakenedtheirawarenessofthefactthattheirkidscanbenefitfromtheirbilingualabilitywhichcannotonlyenhancetheircompetitivenessinthejobmarketbutalsofacilitatetheirexposuretoandfamiliaritywiththetwodifferentculturesbetweentheEastandtheWest13越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时也通晓中文的重要性中国的崛起让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处既能增加他们的就业机会也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变曾几何时他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文现在他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化而且还不时走访中国欣赏壮观的自然风光认识丰富的文化遗产AnincreasingnumberofEnglisheducatedChineseparentsoverseashavecometotherealizationthatwhileEnglishlearningisindispensabletotheirchildrenitisessentialthattheirkidshaveagoodcommandofChineseChinasrisehasfullyawakenedtheirawarenessofthefactthattheirkidscanbenefitfromtheirbilingualabilitywhichcannotonlyenhancetheircompetitivenessinthejobmarketbutalsofacilitatetheirexposuretoandfamiliaritywiththetwodifferentculturesbetweentheEastandtheWestTheyhavehardlychangedtheirattitudestowardsChineseAtonetimetheyproudlydeclaredthattheyknewEnglishonlyNowtheyhavebeguntogivefullsupporttotheirkidslearningChineseanditscultureandtheyalsomakeoccasionalvisitstoChinawheretheycanenjoyitsmagnificentnaturallandscapeandgettoknowitsrichculturalheritage14朝气蓬勃充满活力丰富多彩的上海是现代中国的缩影虽然上海的文化遗迹不能与北京媲美但是上海迷人的城市风貌风格各异的万国建筑为这座城市注入了无限的魅力今日之上海已经成为享誉中外的国际大都市漫步在这座日新月异的现代大都市里你会发现许多精彩的历史亮点隐现在众多摩天大楼背后的是上海发展变化的轨迹它们记述了上海自十九世纪末开埠以来尤其是新中国成立以后是如何迅猛发展的ShanghaiisadynamicdiverseandstimulatingcitytheveryepitomeofmodernChinaThoughShanghaicannotrivalBeijinginculturalheritageitsvariedarchitecturalstylesandcosmopolitanfeelgiveitacharmofitsownTodaysShanghaihasbecomeaworldfamousinternationalmetropolisAwalkthroughthisboomingcityrevealsmanyglimpsesofitscolorfulpastHiddenamongsttheskyscrapersareremainsoftheoriginalShanghaiTheykeeponshowinghowShanghaihasbeendevelopingfastandenormouslysinceitsopeningasacommercialportinthelate19thcenturyespeciallyafterthefoundingofnewChina15近代以来亚洲经历了曲折和艰难的发展历程亚洲人们为改变自己的命运始终以不屈的意志和艰辛的奋斗开辟前进道路今天人们所看到的亚洲发展成就是勤劳智慧的亚洲人民不屈不挠锲而不舍奋斗的结果亚洲人民深知世界上没有放之四海而皆准的发展模式也没有一成不变的发展道路亚洲人民勇于变革创新不断开拓进取探索和开辟适应时代潮流符合自身实际的发展道路为经济社会发展打开了广阔前景InmoderntimesAsiaexperiencedtwistsandturnsinitsdevelopmentTochangetheirdestinythepeopleofAsiahavebeenforgingaheadinanindomitablespiritandwithhardstruggleAsiasdevelopmentachievementstodayaretheresultofthepersistenteffortsoftheindustriousandtalentedAsianpeopleThepeopleofAsiaarefullyawarethatthereisnoreadymodelorunchangingpathofdevelopmentthatisuniversallyapplicableTheynevershyawayfromreformandinnovationInsteadtheyarecommittedtoexploringandfindingdevelopmentpathsthatareinlinewiththetrendofthetimesandtheirownsituationsandhaveopenedupbrightprospectsforeconomicandsocialdevelopment16吸烟之危害可谓大矣其严重性是不能低估的吸烟污染空气损害健康使肺癌发病率大大增加为了使各国人民关注烟草的盛行及预防吸烟导致的疾病和死亡世界卫生组织已将每年的5月31日定为世界无烟日瘾君子们说一天饭不吃可以一个时辰不抽烟就难捱了不能戒只要真正意识到吸烟有百害而无一利于人于己都是一种祸害就有可能下决心摆脱烟草的诱惑戒烟贵在坚持坚持下去就是收获SmokingdoesgreatharmtohumananditsgravityshouldnotbeunderestimatedSmokingpollutesairdamageshealthandincreasestheincidenceoflungcancerToarousetheawarenessabouttheprevalenceoftobaccoinallthecountriesandtopreventsmokinginduceddiseasesanddeathstheWHOWorldHealthOrganizationhasdefinedMay31stineveryyearasWorldNoTobaccoDayThetobaccoaddictssaythatsmokingisimpossibletoquitbecausetheycoulddowithoutmealsinadaybutwouldfeeltorturedwithouttobaccointwohoursHoweverwhenonerealizesthatsmokingisharmfulinmanywaysbutbeneficialinnowayandthatitisacursetoothersaswellastohehimselfhewillbedeterminedtoresistthetemptationoftobaccoToquitsmokingrequirespersistenceandsolongasonepersistshellberewarded17武术在我国源远流长是中华民族传统文化的瑰宝我们知道一个民族的优秀文化遗产不仅仅属于一个民族它会逐渐传播到世界而成为人类的共同财富为了更好的推广武术运动使其与奥运项目接轨中国武协和国际武联做了大量的艰苦卓绝的工作现在武术运动已被列为一种具有与保龄球运动和国际标准舞同等地位的奥运表演项目武术的蓬勃发展除得益于其项目本身的吸引力之外早期移居海外的一代武术大师功不可没老一代武术家在海外播种下了武术的种子使武术这门既可以自卫又可以健身的运动很快就在新的土地上扎下了根今天高超的武术大师已遍布世界各地武术爱好者也与日俱增WushuorChinesemartialartcanbetracedbacktoancienttimesItisagemofChinesetraditionalcultureAsweallknowthefinecultureofanationdoesntbelongtothenationaloneanditwillbespreadtotherestoftheworldandsharedbyallhumanityTheChineseWushuAssociationandInternationalWushuFederationIWUFhavebeenworkingveryhardtopopularizeWushuandmaketheChinesemartialartclosertotheOlympicMovementWushuwasacceptedtojoinbowlingandinternationalstandarddanceasanOlympicdemonstrationeventTheboomingofWushuisattributednotonlytotheattractivenessofthesportbutalsotoemigrantChineseWushumastersovertheyearsMartialartistsoftheoldergenerationshavesownWushuseedsinforeigncountriesWushuwhichcanbeusedasselfdefenseandcankeeppractitionersfitandstrongsoonbecamepopularonnewlandsTodaysuperbWushumastersareactiveallovertheworldandamateursareontheincreasewitheachpassingday18过去10年海平面升高和森林看法的速度都是前所未有的生态恶化物种灭绝臭氧层被破坏温室效应酸雨等一系列环境问题已经严重影响到人类的生存环境环境恶化造成的问题之一就是缺水目前全世界40以上的人口即20多亿人面临缺水问题据预测未来25年全球人口将有60亿增长到80亿环境保护面临更大的压力SealevelroseandforestweredestroyedatanunprecedentedrateduringthelastdecadeAseriesofenvironmentalproblemssuchasthedeteriorationofecosystemtheextinctionofbiospeciesdamagetotheozonelayerthegreenhouseeffectacidrainhaveposedaseriousthreattohumanlivingconditionsEnvironmentalcrisisleadstooneoftheseriousproblemsnamelywatershortagePresentlymorethan40oftheworldspopulationmorethan2billionpeoplenowfacewatershortageItispredictedhatwiththeglobalpopulationexpectedtoincreasefromsixbilliontoeightbillionoverthenext25yearsmorepressureonenvironmentalprotectionstressisexpected19改革开放30年来随着中国逐渐崛起成为政治经济强国海外人士学习汉语的现象与日俱增海外孔子学院也成了人们学习中国语言和中国文化的首选之地通过学习汉语他们对这个和自己文化大相径庭的古老文明产生了浓厚的兴趣而且有机会了解中国的哲学艺术医学饮食文化亲身体验这个文明古国的风采作为第二文化中国文化也丰富了他们的生活和世界观可以说这个潮流方兴未艾越来越多的学习汉语的美国人除了对中国菜肴赞不绝口之外也在尝试针灸草药和武术他们也看功夫电影学习东方时装潮流和手工艺不知不觉的在日常生活中谈及中国的点心人参银杏乌龙茶等目前在美国最热门的中国文化是道家学说和有着神秘色彩的风水学AsChinaisrisingasapoliticalandeconomicworldpowerthankstoitsthreedecadereformandopeningupmoreandmorepeopleinoverseascountriesstarttolearnChineseandturntoaConfuciusInstituteintheirowncountriesastheirfirstchoicelearningChineselanguageandChinesecultureDuringthelearningprocessthelearnersconcurrentlydeveloptheirinterestinthisancientlandwhosecivilizationissovastlydifferentfromtheirsAndthelearnershaveopportunitiestolearnaboutChinesephilosophyartarchitecturemedicineandcateringcultureandexperiencefirsthandthesplendorsofthisvenerablecivilizationAsthesecondcultureChineseculturehasenrichedthelifeandworldoutlookofthelearnersThistrendsotospeakisgatheringmomentumandistheretostayApartfromtheirloveforChinesecuisinemoreandmoreAmericanlearnersofChineselanguageareturningtoChineseacupunctureherbalmedicinesmartialartsTheyarealsointerestedinkongfufilmsfashionsandcraftsSeeminglyoutlandishwordssuchasdimsumginsenggingkooolongchahavecreptintotheireverydaylanguageThelatestChineseculturaliconstomakeitsimpactthereareTaoismandancientschoolofthoughtandfengshuianancientartofplacement20国际贸易的基本原则是平等互利各国追求各自的利益是正常的出现一些摩擦和纠纷也是不可避免的关键要以冷静而明智的态度正确对待和处理摩擦和纠纷就中美贸易而言互利共赢的经贸关系给两国人民带来了实实在在的经济利益今天美国在华投资设立的企业已超过4万家投资额达450亿美元美国500强企业有400多家进入中国大多数企业获利丰厚与此同时在美国市场上许多中国商品受到美国消费者的青睐中国在美国投资设立的企业已超过1000家我们可以预见中美贸易摩擦将随着经贸关系的深化而凸显但是中美经贸合作的总体发展是不可逆转的主要有两个原因其一中美贸易具有很大互补性其二中国产品具有明显的劳动力成本优势EqualityandmutualbenefitisthefundamentalprincipleofinternationaltradeThereforeitisnormalthatcountrieswillseektoprotecttheirowninterestswhichmayleadtotradefrictionsanddisputesThekeyliesinhowtocopewiththeseissuescorrectlyinacoolandwisemannerAsforChinaUStrademutuallybeneficialandwinwintradeandeconomictieshavedeliveredtangibleeconomicbenefitstothetwopeoplesNowwithover40000USinvestedenterprisesthetotalinvestmentinChinastandsat45billionOfthetop500UScompaniesmorethan400havetheirbusinessinChinaandmostofthemaremakinghandsomeprofitAtthesametimemanyChinesecommoditieshavebecomefavoredchoicesofAmericanconsumersMeanwhilethenumberofChineseinvestedenterprisesintheUnitedSateshassurpassed1000WepredictthattradedisputesbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStateswillbecomemoreacutealongwiththefurtherdevelopmentinbilateraltradeandeconomiccooperationTheoveralldevelopmentinbilateraltradeandeconomiccooperationishoweverirreversibleTherearetwofactorscontributetothistrendFirstlytheSinoUSeconomicandtraderelationsenjoycomplementaritiesinvastfieldsSecondlyChinahasanoutstandinglaborcostadvantage