物理化学英语词汇

物理化学英语词汇BET公式BETformulapVT性质pVTproperty电势zetapotential阿伏加德罗常数Avogadronumber阿伏加德罗定律Avogadrolaw阿累尼乌斯电离理论Arrheniusionizationtheory阿累尼乌斯方程Arrheniusequation阿累尼乌斯活化能Arrheniusactivationenergy半电池halfcell半衰期halftimeperiod饱和液体saturatedliquids饱和蒸气saturatedvapor饱和吸附量saturatedextentofadsorption饱和蒸气压saturatedvaporpressure爆炸界限explosionlimits比表面功specificsurfacework比表面吉布斯函数specificsurfaceGibbsfunction比浓粘度reducedviscosity标准电动势standardelectromotiveforce标准电极电势standardelectrodepotential标准摩尔反应焓standardmolarreactionenthalpy标准摩尔反应吉布斯函数standardGibbsfunctionofmolarreaction标准摩尔反应熵standardmolarreactionentropy标准摩尔焓函数standardmolarenthalpyfunction标准摩尔吉布斯自由能函数standardmolarGibbsfreeenergyfunction标准摩尔燃烧焓standardmolarcombustionenthalpy标准摩尔熵standardmolarentropy标准摩尔生成焓standardmolarformationenthalpy标准摩尔生成吉布斯函数standardmolar离子的迁移数transportnumberofions离子独立运动定律lawoftheindependentmigrationofions离子氛ionicatmosphere离子强度ionicstrength理想混合物perfectmixture理想气体idealgas接触电势contactpotential接触角contactangle节流过程throttlingprocess节流膨胀throttlingexpansion节流膨胀系数coefficientofthrottlingexpansion结线tieline结晶热heatofcrystallization解离化学吸附dissociationchemicaladsorption界面interfaces界面张力surfacetension浸湿immersionwetting浸湿功immersionwettingwork精馏rectify聚合电解质polyelectrolyte聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulationvalue绝对反应速率理论absolutereactionratetheory绝对熵absoluteentropy绝对温标absolutetemperaturescale绝热过程adiabaticprocess绝热量热计adiabaticcalorimeter绝热指数adiabaticindex卡诺定理Carnottheorem卡诺循环Carnotcycle开尔文公式Kelvinformula柯诺瓦洛夫吉布斯定律KonovalovGibbslaw科尔劳施离子独立运动定律KohlrauschsLawofIndependentMigrationofIons可能的电解质potentialelectroly可逆电池reversiblecell可逆过程reversibleprocess可逆过程方程reversibleprocessequation可逆体积功reversiblevolumework可逆相变reversiblephasechange克拉佩龙方程ClapeyronequationformationGibbsfunction标准平衡常数standardequilibriumconstant标准氢电极standardhydrogenelectrode标准态standardstate标准熵standardentropy标准压力standardpressure标准状况standardcondition表观活化能apparentactivationenergy表观摩尔质量apparentmolecularweight表观迁移数apparenttransferencenumber表面surfaces表面过程控制surfaceprocesscontrol表面活性剂surfactants表面吸附量surfaceexcess表面张力surfacetension表面质量作用定律surfacemassactionlaw波义尔定律Boylelaw波义尔温度Boyletemperature波义尔点Boylepoint玻尔兹曼常数Boltzmannconstant玻尔兹曼分布Boltzmanndistribution玻尔兹曼公式Boltzmannformula玻尔兹曼熵定理Boltzmannentropytheorem玻色爱因斯坦统计BoseEinsteinstatistics泊Poise不可逆过程irreversibleprocess不可逆过程热力学thermodynamicsofirreversibleprocesses不可逆相变化irreversiblephasechange布朗运动brownianmovement查理定律Charleslaw产率yield敞开系统opensystem超电势overpotential沉降sedimentation沉降电势sedimentationpotential沉降平衡sedimentationequilibrium粗分散系统thickdispersesystem催化剂catalyst单分子层吸附理论monomoleculelayeradsorption单分子反应unimolecularreaction单链反应straightchainreactions克劳修斯不等式Clausiusinequality克劳修斯克拉佩龙方程ClausiusClapeyronequation控制步骤controlstep库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusioncontrolled拉普拉斯方程Laplacesequation拉乌尔定律Raoultlaw兰格缪尔吸附等温式Langmuiradsorptionisothermformula冷冻系数coefficientofrefrigeration冷却曲线coolingcurve离解热heatofdissociation离解压力dissociationpressure离域子系统nonlocalizedparticlesystems离子的标准摩尔生成焓standardmolarformationofion离子的电迁移率mobilityofions离子的迁移数transportnumberofions离子独立运动定律lawoftheindependentmigrationofions离子氛ionicatmosphere离子强度ionicstrength理想混合物perfectmixture理想气体idealgas理想气体的绝热指数adiabaticindexofidealgases理想气体的微观模型micromodelofidealgas理想气体反应的等温方程isothermalequationofidealgaseousreactions理想气体绝热可逆过程方程adiabaticreversibleprocessequationofidealgases理想气体状态方程stateequationofidealgas理想稀溶液idealdilutesolution理想液态混合物perfectliquidmixture粒子particles粒子的配分函数partitionfunctionofparticles连串反应consecutivereactions链的传递物chaincarrier链反应chainreactions量热熵calorimetricentropy量子统计quantumstatistics弹式量热计bombcalorimeter道尔顿定律Daltonlaw道尔顿分压定律Daltonpartialpressurelaw德拜效应Debyeeffect德拜立方公式Debyecubicformula德拜休克尔极限公式DebyeHuckelslimitingequation等焓过程isenthalpicprocess等焓线isenthalpicline等几率定理theoremofequalprobability等温方程equationatconstanttemperature低共熔点eutecticpoint低共熔混合物eutecticmixture低会溶点lowerconsolutepoint第二类永动机perpetualmachineofthesecondkind第三定律熵thirdlawentropy第一类永动机perpetualmachineofthefirstkind缔合化学吸附associationchemicaladsorption电池常数cellconstant电池电动势electromotiveforceofcells电池反应cellreaction电导conductance电导率conductivity电动势的温度系数temperaturecoefficientofelectromotiveforce电动电势zetapotential电功electricwork电化学electrochemistry电化学极化electrochemicalpolarization电极电势electrodepotential电极反应reactionsontheelectrode电极种类typeofelectrodes电解池electrolyticcell电量计coulometer电流效率currentefficiency电迁移electromigration电迁移率electromobility电渗electroosmosis电渗析electrodialysis电泳electrophoresis量子效率quantumyield临界参数criticalparameter临界常数criticalconstant临界点criticalpoint临界胶束浓度criticalmicelleconcentration临界摩尔体积criticalmolarvolume临界温度criticaltemperature临界压力criticalpressure临界状态criticalstate零级反应zeroorderreaction流动电势streamingpotential流动功flowwork笼罩效应cageeffect路易斯兰德尔逸度规则LewisRandallruleoffugacity露点dewpoint露点线dewpointline麦克斯韦关系式Maxwellrelations麦克斯韦速率分布Maxwelldistributionofspeeds麦克斯韦能量分布Maxwelldistributionofenergy毛细管凝结condensationincapillary毛细现象capillaryphenomena摩尔电导率molarconductivity摩尔反应焓molarreactionenthalpy摩尔混合熵moleentropyofmixing摩尔气体常数molargasconstant摩尔热容molarheatcapacity摩尔溶解焓moledissolutionenthalpy摩尔稀释焓moledilutionenthalpy内扩散控制internaldiffusionscontrol内能internalenergy内压力internalpressure能级energylevels能级分布energyleveldistribution能量均分原理principleoftheequipartitionofenergy能斯特方程Nernstequation能斯特热定理Nernstheattheorem凝固点freezingpoint凝固点降低loweringoffreezingpoint凝固点曲线freezingpointcurve丁达尔效应Dyndalleffect定容摩尔热容molarheatcapacityunderconstantvolume定容温度计ConstantvoIumethermometer定压摩尔热容molarheatcapacityunderconstantpressure定压温度计constantpressurethermometer定域子系统localizedparticlesystem动力学方程kineticequations动力学控制kineticscontrol独立子系统independentparticlesystem对比摩尔体积reducedmolevolume对比体积reducedvolume对比温度reducedtemperature对比压力reducedpressure对称数symmetrynumber对行反应reversiblereactions对应状态原理principleofcorrespondingstate多方过程polytropicprocess多分子层吸附理论adsorptiontheoryofmultimolecularlayers二级反应secondorderreaction二级相变secondorderphasechange法拉第常数faradayconstant法拉第定律Faradayslaw反电动势backEMF反渗透reverseosmosis反应分子数molecularity反应级数reactionorders反应进度extentofreaction反应热heatofreaction反应速率rateofreaction反应速率常数constantofreactionrate范德华常数vanderWaalsconstant范德华方程vanderWaalsequation范德华力vanderWaalsforce范德华气体vanderWaalsgases范特霍夫方程vantHoffequation范特霍夫规则vantHoffrule范特霍夫渗透压公式vantHoffequationofosmoticpressure非基元反应nonelementaryreactions非体积功nonvolumework非依时计量学反应timeindependent凝聚态condensedstate凝聚相condensedphase浓差超电势concentrationoverpotential浓差极化concentrationpolarization浓差电池concentrationcells泡点bubblepoint泡点线bubblepointline配分函数partitionfunction配分函数的析因子性质propertythatpartitionfunctiontobeexpressedasaproductoftheseparatepartitionfunctionsforeachkindofstate碰撞截面collisioncrosssection碰撞数thenumberofcollisions偏摩尔量partialmolequantities平衡常数理想气体反应equilibriumconstantsforreactionsofidealgases平动配分函数partitionfunctionoftranslation平衡分布equilibriumdistribution平衡态equilibriumstate平衡态近似法equilibriumstateapproximation平衡状态图equilibriumstatediagram平均活度meanactivity平均活度系统meanactivitycoefficient平均摩尔热容meanmolarheatcapacity平均质量摩尔浓度meanmassmolarity平行反应parallelreactions铺展spreading普遍化范德华方程universalvanderWaalsequation其它功theotherwork气化热heatofvaporization气体常数gasconstant气体分子运动论kinetictheoryofgases气体分子运动论的基本方程foundamentalequationofkinetictheoryofgases气相线vaporline迁移数transportnumber潜热latentheat强度量intensivequantitystoichiometricreactions菲克扩散第一定律Ficksfirstlawofdiffusion沸点boilingpoint沸点升高elevationofboilingpoint费米狄拉克统计FermiDiracstatistics分布distribution分布数distributionnumbers分解电压decompositionvoltage分配定律distributionlaw分散系统dispersesystem分散相dispersionphase分体积partialvolume分体积定律partialvolumelaw分压partialpressure分压定律partialpressurelaw分子反应力学mechanicsofmolecularreactions分子间力intermolecularforce分子蒸馏moleculardistillation封闭系统closedsystem附加压力excesspressure负极negativepole负吸附negativeadsorption复合反应compositereaction盖吕萨克定律GayLussaclaw盖斯定律Hesslaw甘汞电极calomelelectrode杠杆规则leverrule高分子溶液macromolecularsolution高会溶点upperconsolutepoint隔离法theisolationmethod隔离系统isolatedsystem功work功函workcontent共轭溶液conjugatesolution共沸温度azeotropictemperature构型熵configurationalentropy孤立系统isolatedsystem固态混合物solidsolution固相线solidphaseline强度性质intensiveproperty氢电极hydrogenelectrodes区域熔化zonemelting热heat热爆炸heatexplosion热泵heatpump热功当量mechanicalequivalentofheat热函heatcontent热化学thermochemistry热化学方程thermochemicalequation热机heatengine热机效率efficiencyofheatengine热力学thermodynamics热力学第二定律thesecondlawofthermodynamics热力学第三定律thethirdlawofthermodynamics热力学第一定律thefirstlawofthermodynamics热力学基本方程fundamentalequationofthermodynamics热力学几率thermodynamicprobability热力学能thermodynamicenergy热力学特性函数characteristicthermodynamicfunction热力学温标thermodynamicscaleoftemperature热力学温度thermodynamictemperature热熵thermalentropy热效应heateffect熔点曲线meltingpointcurve熔化热heatoffusion溶解焓dissolutionenthalpy溶液solution溶胀swelling润湿wetting润湿角wettingangle三相点triplepoint三相平衡线triplephaseline熵entropy熵判据entropycriterion熵增原理principleofentropyincrease渗透压osmoticpressure光反应photoreaction光化学第二定律thesecondlawofactinochemistry光化学第一定律thefirstlawofactinochemistry光敏反应photosensitizedreactions光谱熵spectrumentropy广度性质extensiveproperty广延量extensivequantity广延性质extensiveproperty规定熵stipulatedentropy过饱和溶液oversaturatedsolution过饱和蒸气oversaturatedvapor过程process过渡状态理论transitionstatetheory过冷水supercooledwater过冷液体overcooledliquid过热液体overheatedliquid亥姆霍兹函数Helmholtzfunction亥姆霍兹函数判据Helmholtzfunctioncriterion亥姆霍兹自由能Helmholtzfreeenergy亥氏函数Helmholtzfunction焓enthalpy亨利常数Henryconstant亨利定律Henrylaw恒沸混合物constantboilingmixture恒容摩尔热容molarheatcapacityatconstantvolume恒容热heatatconstantvolume恒外压constantexternalpressure恒压摩尔热容molarheatcapacityatconstantpressure恒压热heatatconstantpressure化学动力学chemicalkinetics化学反应计量式stoichiometricequationofchemicalreaction化学反应计量系数stoichiometriccoefficientofchemicalreaction化学反应进度extentofchemicalreaction化学亲合势chemicalaffinity化学热力学chemicalthermodynamics化学势chemicalpotential化学势判据chemicalpotentialcriterion化学吸附chemisorptions环境environment渗析法dialyticprocess生成反应formationreaction升华热heatofsublimation实际气体realgas速度常数reactionrateconstant速率方程rateequations速率控制步骤ratedeterminingstep唐南平衡Donnanequilibrium淌度电子迁移率mobility特鲁顿规则Troutonrule特性粘度intrinsicviscosity体积功volumework统计权重statisticalweight统计热力学statisticthermodynamics统计熵statisticentropy途径path途径函数pathfunction外扩散控制externaldiffusioncontrol完美晶体perfectcrystalline完全气体perfectgas微观状态microstate微态microstate韦斯顿标准电池Westonstandardbattery维恩效应Wieneffect维里方程virialequation维里系数virialcoefficient稳流过程steadyflowprocess稳态近似法stationarystateapproximation无热溶液athermalsolution无限稀溶液solutionsinthelimitofextremedilution物理化学PhysicalChemistry物理吸附physisorptions吸附adsorption吸附等量线adsorptionisostere吸附等温线adsorptionisotherm吸附等压线adsorptionisobar吸附剂adsorbent吸附量extentofadsorption吸附热heatofadsorption吸附质adsorbate环境熵变entropychangeinenvironment挥发度volatility混合熵entropyofmixing混合物mixture活度activity活化控制activationcontrol活化络合物理论activatedcomplextheory活化能activationenergy基态能级energylevelatgroundstate基希霍夫公式Kirchhoffformula基元反应elementaryreactions积分溶解热integrationheatofdissolution吉布斯杜亥姆方程GibbsDuhemequation吉布斯亥姆霍兹方程GibbsHelmhotzequation吉布斯函数Gibbsfunction吉布斯函数判据Gibbsfunctioncriterion吉布斯吸附公式Gibbsadsorptionformula吉布斯自由能Gibbsfreeenergy吉氏函数Gibbsfunction极化电极电势polarizationpotentialofelectrode极化曲线polarizationcurves极化作用polarization极限摩尔电导率limitingmolarconductivity胶核colloidalnucleus胶束micelle胶体colloid胶体分散系统dispersionsystemofcolloid胶体化学collochemistry胶体粒子colloidalparticles胶团micelle焦耳Joule焦耳汤姆生实验JouleThomsonexperiment焦耳汤姆生系数JouleThomsoncoefficient焦耳汤姆生效应JouleThomsoneffect焦耳定律Jouleslaw接触电势contactpotential接触角contactangle节流过程throttlingprocess节流膨胀throttlingexpansion析出电势evolutionordepositionpotential析因子性质propertythatpartitionfunctiontobeexpressedasaproductoftheseparatepartitionfunctionsforeachkindofstate稀溶液的依数性colligativepropertiesofdilutesolutions稀释焓dilutionenthalpy系统system系统点systempoint系统的环境environmentofsystem相phase相变phasechange相变焓enthalpyofphasechange相变化phasechange相变热heatofphasechange相点phasepoint相对挥发度relativevolatility相对粘度relativeviscosity相律phaserule相平衡热容heatcapacityinphaseequilibrium相图phasediagram相倚子系统systemofdependentparticles悬浮液suspension循环过程cyclicprocess亚稳状态metastablestate盐桥saltbridge盐析saltingout阳极anode杨氏方程Youngsequation液体接界电势liquidjunctionpotential液相线liquidphaselines一级反应firstorderreaction一级相变firstorderphasechange逸度fugacity逸度系数coefficientoffugacity阴极cathode荧光fluorescence永动机perpetualmotionmachine永久气体Permanentgas有效能availableenergy原电池primarycell原盐效应salteffect节流膨胀系数coefficientofthrottlingexpansion结晶热heatofcrystallization解离化学吸附dissociationchemicaladsorption界面interfaces界面张力surfacetension浸湿immersionwetting浸湿功immersionwettingwork精馏rectify聚合电解质polyelectrolyte聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulationvalue绝对反应速率理论absolutereactionratetheory绝对熵absoluteentropy绝对温标absolutetemperaturescale绝热过程adiabaticprocess绝热量热计adiabaticcalorimeter绝热指数adiabaticindex卡诺定理Carnottheorem卡诺循环Carnotcycle开尔文公式Kelvinformula柯诺瓦洛夫吉布斯定律KonovalovGibbslaw科尔劳施离子独立运动定律KohlrauschsLawofIndependentMigrationofIons可能的电解质potentialelectrolyte可逆电池reversiblecell可逆过程reversibleprocess可逆过程方程reversibleprocessequation可逆体积功reversiblevolumework可逆相变reversiblephasechange克拉佩龙方程Clapeyronequation克劳修斯不等式Clausiusinequality克劳修斯克拉佩龙方程ClausiusClapeyronequation控制步骤controlstep库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusioncontrolled拉乌尔定律Raoultlaw冷冻系数coefficientofrefrigeration冷却曲线coolingcurve离解热heatofdissociation离解压力dissociationpressure真溶液truesolution真实电解质realelectrolyte真实气体realgas真实迁移数truetransferencenumber振动配分函数partitionfunctionofvibration振动特征温度characteristictemperatureofvibration蒸气压下降depressionofvaporpressure正常沸点normalpoint正吸附positiveadsorption支链反应branchedchainreactions直链反应straightchainreactions指前因子preexponentialfactor质量作用定律massactionlaw制冷系数coefficientofrefrigeration中和热heatofneutralization轴功shaftwork转动配分函数partitionfunctionofrotation转动特征温度characteristictemperatureofvibration转化率convertratio转化温度conversiontemperature状态state状态方程stateequation状态分布statedistribution状态函数statefunction准静态过程quasistaticprocess准一级反应pseudofirstorderreaction自动催化作用autocatalysis自由度degreeoffreedom自由度数numberofdegreeoffreedom自由焓freeenthalpy自由能freeenergy自由膨胀freeexpansion组分数componentnumber最低恒沸点lowerazeotropicpoint最高恒沸点upperazeotropicpoint最佳反应温度optimalreactiontemperature最可几分布mostprobabledistribution最可几速率most离域子系统nonlocalizedparticlesystems离子的标准摩尔生成焓standardmolarformationofion离子的电迁移率mobilityofions