2022年中考英语真题限时阅读系列 每日一练（5）—议论文（泛读+精读）（含答案解析）.doc

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台2022年中考真题限时练五TodaymostpeopleinWesternculturesexpecttoeatmealswiththeirownsetofsilverware银制餐具theirownplatesandtheirownglassesPeopleuseplatestoholdtheirfoodanddrinkonlyfromtheirownglassesButEuropeansdidntalwayseatthiswayInthe1500smembersoftherulingclasses统治阶级usedknivestocutmeatSincetheyhardlyhadtheirownplatesandbowlstheywouldeatthesliceofmeatoffthetipoftheknifeTheywouldusesharedspoonstoeatsoupandwoulddipbreadortheirfingersintoservingbowlsofgravyTherewereafewrulesforeatingbehaviorItwasconsideredimpolitetotastesomethingfromaspoonifitwasbeingpasseddowntoanotherpersonIfyouhadabone骨头leftinyourhandaftereatingachickenlegyouwereexpectedtothrowitpolitelyunderthetableWhensomeoftheEuropeanssettled定居intheNorthAmericatheybroughtthiseatingstylewiththemWhilethenewsettlersweresharingcupsanddippingtheirfingersintobowlsoffoodEuropeanroyaltyandnobility皇室与贵族werestaringtoincreasetheirtablewareTheywerealsodevelopingmannerstogowiththeirnewknivesforksspoonsplatesandnapkinsTheystartedtothinkofsharingcupsorplatesasuncleanandevenimpoliteTheirnewmannersmadethemfeelhigherthanthelowerclassesBythe1700sthesenewcustomshadspreadtowealthyAmericansettlersAsnewlandownerstheywantedtohaveahigherstatus身份thantheywouldhavehadinGreatBritainTheyboughttheirowndishesandsilverwareandbroughtthemtoAmericaBythelate1800smealtimemannershadchangedforeveryone词汇积累settlev定居statusn地位身份complexadj复杂的复合的emphasisn强调重要性词汇运用从词汇积累中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式完成下列各题1Thepoetgivesextraemphasistothewords2Latermanbegantosettleintheplaceswherethefoodandwater3Thearmyisanextremelycomplexorganism4Wealthinthevirtual虚拟的worldofgamesisastatussymbol短语积累asetof一套passeddownto传给难句分析1Itwasconsideredimpolitetotastesomething中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台AstheAmericanmiddleclassgrewtheyneededmoretablewaretoshowofftheirwealthTherewasalsoacomplex复杂的systemofmannersbythistimeThisnewemphasisonbehaviorinfluencedeveryaspectofeverydaylifeAndwhataboutthe21stcenturyDoourmannerscontinuetobecomemorecomplexMaybeyesmaybeno1WhichofthefollowingsupportstheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2ATheybroughtthiseatingstylewiththemBTheywerestartingtoincreasetheirtablewareCTheycutmeatwithknivesandateitwithfingersDTheyweresupposedtothrowthebonesunderthetable2WhydidthewealthyAmericansettlersbuysilverwareanddishesATheywantedtoshowtheirhigherstatusBTheyhatedtosharecupsandplatesagainCTheyhopedtobecomemembersofroyaltyDTheymademoremoneyinAmericathaninGreatBritain3WhatsthemainideaofthepassageAMealtimemannersaredevelopingallthetimeBMealtimemannerscamefromtheNorthAmericaCMealtimemannersincludetablewareandtablemannersDMealtimemannersnowadaysaremuchsimplerthanbeforefromaspoonifitwasbeingpasseddowntoanotherperson分析本句是一个以if引导的条件状语从句从句是被动语态主句句中totastesomethingfromaspoon是主句中的真正主语it是形式主语此句是一个被动语态thatculturewhethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffortispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies是宾语汉语译文今天西方文化中的大多数人都希望用自己的一套银器银制餐具自己的盘子和自己的眼镜来吃饭人们用盘子来装食物只用自己的杯子喝饮料但欧洲人并不总是这样吃的在15世纪统治阶级统治阶级的成员用刀来切肉因答案1D2A3A解析本文主要介绍了西方用餐礼仪的发展历程中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台为他们几乎没有自己的盘子和碗他们会吃刀尖的肉他们会用共用的勺子吃汤把面包或手指蘸进肉汁里关于饮食行为有一些规则如果勺子里的东西被传给别人就被认为是不礼貌的如果你吃了一条鸡腿后手里还剩下一根骨头骨头你就应该礼貌地把它扔到桌子底下当一些欧洲人在北美定居定居时他们也带来了这种饮食方式当新定居者分享杯子用手指蘸着碗里食物时欧洲皇室和贵族皇室与贵族正盯着增加他们的餐具他们也在发展使用新刀叉勺子盘子和餐巾纸的习惯他们开始认为共用一个杯子或盘子是不干净的甚至是不礼貌的他们的新举止使他们感觉比下层阶级更高到了18世纪这些新的习俗已经传播到了富有的美国定居者身上作为新的地主他们想要拥有一个比他们在英国更高的地位身份他们买了自己的盘子和银器然后带到了美国到了19世纪末每个人的用餐方式都发生了变化随着美国中产阶级的成长他们需要更多的餐具来炫耀他们的财富那时也有一个复杂的复杂的礼仪系统这种对行为的新强调影响了日常生活的各个方面那21世纪呢我们的举止会继续变得更加复杂吗也许是也许不是更加复杂吗也许是也许不是1题详解推理判断题Therewereafewrulesforeatingbehavior表示饮食行为有一些规则下文的举例Ifyouhadabone骨头leftinyourhandaftereatingachickenlegyouwereexpectedtothrowitpolitelyunderthetable是验证了这一句话把骨头扔在桌底是属于其中一个饮食规则故选D2题详解细节理解题根据Asnewlandownerstheywantedtohaveahigherstatus身份thantheywouldhavehadinGreatBritainTheyboughttheirowndishesandsilverwareandbroughtthemtoAmerica可知因为他们想要显示他们更高的地位故选A3题详解主旨大意题通读全文可知本文主要介绍了西方用餐礼仪的发展历程故选A中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台