2022年中考英语真题限时阅读系列 每日一练（4）—议论文（泛读+精读）（含答案解析）.doc

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台2022年中考真题限时练议论文4NatureandcultureareoftenseenasoppositeideasWhatbelongstonaturecannotbetheresultofhumanactivitiesandontheotherhandculturaldevelopmentisachievedagainstnatureHoweverthisisnottheonlyopinionontherelationshipbetweennatureandcultureStudiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculturewhethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffortispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspeciesSeveralmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggleagainsthumannatureWearebornwithwildnaturessuchaseatingandbehavinginadisorganizedwayoractingselfishlyEducationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwidestnaturesitisthankstoculturethatthehumanspeciescouldlearntoadaptprogressandraiseitselfaboveandbeyondotherspeciesOverthepastcenturyandahalfhoweverstudiesinthehistoryofhumandevelopmenthaveshownthattheformationofcultureispartofthebiologicaladaptationConsiderforexamplehuntingItseemstobeanadaptationwhichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareasopeninguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabitsAtthesametimethedevelopmentofweaponsisrelatedtothatadaptationfromrocksandstonestoasetofhuntingtoolsandfromhuntingtoolstorulesrelatingtotheproperuseofweaponsHuntingalsoseemstoberesponsibleforawholesetofbodilyabilitiessuchasbalancingononefootJustthinkofhowthisverysimplethingiscloselyrelatedtodanceakeyexpressionofhumancultureItis词汇积累oppositeadj截然相反的对面的disorganizedadj组织混乱的杂乱无章的selfishlyadv自私地任性地formationn形成构成结构adaptv使适应适合词汇运用从词汇积累中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式完成下列各题1Mybossiscompletelydisorganized2Myprofessionhadanimportantinfluenceintheformationofmycharacter3Hesuggeststhatwemustadapttomodernsociety4Heselfishlytookallthebestcakesforhimself5Shehurriedawayintheoppositedirection短语积累beseenas被视为ontheotherhand另一方面thanksto多亏由于berelatedto与有关such中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台thenclearthatbiologicaldevelopmentandculturaldevelopmentarecloselytiedThetransmissionofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhatsinourbloodJustassnailscarrytheirshellssodowebringalongourcultureHowevercultureisalsopassedonamongpeopleofthesametimeoramongpeoplebelongingtodifferentpopulationsWecanlearnhowtomakejiaozievenifwewerebornfromRussianparentsinParisjustaswecanlearnhowtospeakEnglishevenifnoneofourfamilyorfriendsspeakthatlanguage1WhatisParagraph2mainlyaboutACulturebelongstohumannatureBNatureteacheshumanshowtoadaptCHumansaresupposedtobewellorganizedDEducationpushesthehumanspeciestoprogress2WhydoesthewritertalkabouthuntinginParagraph3ATosuggestsomepossiblewaysofchanginglivinghabitsBTostresstheimportanceoftoolsinhumansstruggleforlifeCToshowhowculturedevelopsashumansadapttotheenvironmentDToexplainwhythereisaneedtocallfortheproperuseofweapons3ThewordtransmissioninParagraph4probablymeansas例如belongto属于bebornwith天生具有难句分析1Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculturewhethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffortispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies分析本句是一个宾语从句本句中studies是主语suggest是谓语thatculturewhethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffortispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies是宾语Itseemstobeanadaptationwhichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareasopeninguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits分析本句中Itseemstobeanadaptation是主句whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareasopeninguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits是非限制中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台ASystemBspreadCstartDspirit4WhatisthewritersopiniononthenatureculturerelationshipACultureandnatureareseparateyetbalancedBCulturedependsmuchonnaturetoprogressCNatureandculturearedifferentbutconnectedDNaturefollowstheunwrittenrulessetbyculture性定语从句译文自然和文化通常被视为相反的观点属于自然的东西不可能是人类活动的结果另一方面文化的发展是违背自然的然而这并不是关于自然与文化之间关系的唯一观点对人类发展的研究表明文化无论是作为一种对抗自然的努力还是一种自然的努力都是人类物种物种发展的一部分一些现代作家将教育的过程视为一种对抗人性的斗争我们生来就狂野比如吃饭行为混乱行为自私教育利用文化作为让我们摆脱最广泛的本性的一种方式多亏了文化人类才能学会适应进步和提高自己超越其他物种然而在过去的一个半世纪里对人类发展史的研究表明文化的形成是生物适应的一部分例如考虑一下狩猎这似乎是一种适应它允许人类进入新的和不同的领域打开了改变生活习惯的机会与此同时武器的发展也与这种适应有关从岩石和石头到一套狩猎工具从狩猎工具到与正确使用武器有关的规则狩猎似乎也要答案1D2C3B4C解析本文是一篇议论文自然和文化常常被视为对立的观点但是人类发展的研究表明文化无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力都是人类物种发展的一部分生物的发展和文化的发展是紧密相连的文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关1D段落大意题根据Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle斗争againsthumannature和Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutof中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台负责一系列的身体能力比如用一只脚保持平衡想想这个非常简单的事情是如何与舞蹈密切相关的舞蹈是人类文化的一个关键表达很明显生物的发展和文化的发展是密切相关的文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关就像蜗牛带着壳一样我们也会带着我们的文化然而文化也在同一时期的人之间或属于不同人群的人之间传递即使我们出生在巴黎我们也能学会如何做饺子就像我们会说英语一样即使我们的家人或朋友都不会说饺子ourwidestnatures可知人们把教育的过程看作是一场与人性的斗争教育把文化作为一种方式让我们摆脱最广泛的天性所以本段想说明教育推动人类进步故选D2C推理判断题根据Considerforexamplehunting打猎Itseemstobeanadaptationwhichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareasopeninguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits可知打猎似乎是一种适应使人类能够进入新和不同的地区打开改变生活习惯的机会文章提到打猎是为了展示文化是如何随着人类适应环境而发展的故选C3B词义猜测题分析ThetransmissionofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhatsinourbloodJustassnailscarrytheirshellssodowebringalongourculture可知文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台关就像蜗牛带着它们的壳一样我们也带着我们的文化所以此处transmission的意思是传播故选B4C观点态度题根据Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculturewhethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffortispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies物种可知作者认为文化无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力都是人类物种发展的一部分作者认为自然和文化之间是对立且密切联系的故选C