2022届新高考英语二轮复习真题通关练：（3）阅读理解 议论文说明文（含答案）.doc

3阅读理解议论文说明文一2021年全国甲卷阅读BPortLympneReservewhichrunsabreeding繁育programmehaswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf犀牛幼息WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserveAndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrivalespeciallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity圈养PaulBeerheadofrhinosectionatPortLympnesaidObviouslywereallabsolutelydelightedtowelcomeanothercalftoourblackrhinofamilySheshealthystrongandalreadyeagertoplayandexploreHermotherSolioisafirsttimemumandsheisdoingafantasticjobItsstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopenbutassoonastheweatherwarmsupIhavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeverydayTheadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereservebutitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewildThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirsttimemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kgHismothergrandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethereAccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFundtheglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500givingtherhinosacriticallyendangeredstatus1WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogrammeACostlyBControversialCAmbitiousDSuccessful2WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenewbornrhinoAShelovesstayingwithhermotherBShedislikesoutdooractivitiesCSheisingoodconditionDSheissensitivetoheat3WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahaveATheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuaryBTheyenjoyedexploringnewplacesCTheylivedwiththeirgrandmothersDTheywerebroughttothereserveyoung4WhatcanbeinferredaboutPornLympneReserveATherhinosectionwillbeopentothepublicBItaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimalsCItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFundDSomeofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas二2021年新高考卷阅读CWhentheexplorersfirstsetforceuponthecontinentofNorthAmericatheskyandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlifeNativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswiselyUnfortunatelyittooktheexplorersandtheservitorwhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresourcesMillionsofwaterfowl水禽werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmenMillionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheeverincreasingpopulationsgreatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat栖息地In1934withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampActActanincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory迁徙的waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvivalUnderthisActallwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStampTheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJNDingDarlingapoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoineslowawhoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurveyHunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresourcesAbout98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystemafactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocomeSince1934betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitatLittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated1WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmericaALossofwetlandsBPopularityofwatersportsCPollutionofriversDArrivalofotherwildanimals2WhatdoestheunderlinedworddecimatemeaninthefirstparagraphAAcquireBExportCDestroyDDistribute3WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934AThestamppricehasgonedownBThemigratorybirdshaveflownawayCThehuntershavestoppedhuntingDThegovernmenthascollectedmoney4WhichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetextATheFederalDuckStampStoryBTheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystemCTheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowlDTheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting三2021年全国乙卷阅读CYouveheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceansbetween48and127milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyearButdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifferenceArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoesHebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbageforcingviewerstoreexaminetheirrelationshiptosingleuseplasticproductsAtthebeginningoftheyeartheartistbuiltapiececalledStrawpocalypseapairof10foottallplasticwavesfrozenmidcrashMadeof168000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanupsthesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCityVietnamJust9ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycledPlasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource来源ofplasticpollutionbuttheyverecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledontneedthemtodrinkwithandbecauseoftheirsmallsizeandweighttheycannotberecycledEverystrawthatspartofVonWongsartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutesOncethedrinkisgonethestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappearInapiecefrom2018VonWongwantedtoillustrate说明aspecificstatisticEvery60secondsatruckloadsworthofplasticenterstheoceanForthisworktitledTruckloadofPlasticVonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10000piecesofplasticwhichwerethentiedtogethertolookliketheydbeendumped倾倒fromatruckallatonceVonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint1WhatareVonWongsartworksintendedforABeautifyingthecityhelivesinBIntroducingecofriendlyproductsCDrawingpublicattentiontoplasticwasteDReducinggarbageonthebeach2WhydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinParagraph3AToshowthedifficultyoftheirrecyclingBToexplainwhytheyareusefulCTovoicehisviewsonmodernartDTofindasubstituteforthem3WhateffectwouldTruckloadofPlastichaveonviewersACalmingBDisturbingCRefreshingDChallenging4WhichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetextAArtistsOpinionsonPlasticSafetyBMediaInterestinContemporaryArtCResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompaniesDOceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculptures四2021年天津卷阅读CAtrialprojectbytheMontrealChildrensHospitalsuggestedthattheuseofmedicalhypnosis催眠canreducepainandanxietyinpatientsTheprojectalsoresultedinareductionintheamountofmedicinesusedtoperformmedicalimaging医学影像proceduresDuringtheexaminationchildrendontmoveItworksperfectlyItsamazingsaidJohanneLEcuyeramedicalimagingtechnologistatthehospitalTheprojectwasinspiredbyaFrenchteamfromRouenUniversityHospitalCentrewhereexaminationsaredoneunderhypnosisinsteadofgeneralanesthesia麻醉AFrenchmedicalimagingtechnologistalsoahypnotistwasinvitedtotrainafewmembersinthemedicalimagingdepartmentofthechildrenshospitalInall80examinationswereconductedfortheprojectbetweenJanuaryandSeptember2019focusingontheimagingproceduresthatwouldcauseanxietyHypnosisisnotastateofsleepItisratheramodified改变的stateofconsciousnessThetechnologistwillguidethepatienttothismodifiedstateanimaginaryworldthatwilldisassociateitselfmoreandmorefromtheprocedurethatfollowsThetechnologistmustbuildupastorywiththepatientMsLEcuyersaidThepatientisleftwiththepowertochoosewhathewantstotalkaboutDoyouplaysportsDoyoulikegoingtothebeachWeestablishasubjectthatwewilldiscussthroughouttheprocedureEverythingthathappensnextduringtheproceduremustberelatedtothisstoryaninjection注射becomesthebiteofaninsecttheheatontheskinbecomesthesensationofthesunandamachinethatringsbecomesapolicecarpassingnearbyTheimportantthingisthatthetechnologistassociateswhatishappeningoutsidethepatientsbodywithwhatthepatientseesinhisheadMsLEcuyersaidItrequirescreativityonthepartofthetechnologistimaginationalotofpatienceandkindnessTheprocedureappealedtothestaffalotwhenitwasintroducedinJanuaryItspreadlikewildfirethatsomeonefromFrancewasheretotrainthetechnologistsMsLEcuyersaidSheaddedthatshehadalineofstaffatherdoorwantingtotakethetraining1OneoftheresultsproducedbythetrialprojectisAabetterunderstandingofchildrenBlessuseofcertainmedicinesCnewmedicalimagingtechnologyDanimprovedreputationofthehospital2TheFrenchtechnologistcametothechildrenshospitaltoAassistintreatingapatientBcarryouthypnosistrainingCstartupanewdepartmentDlearnabouttheprocedure3AccordingtoParagraph5hypnosisworksbyAcreatingaperfectworldforpatientsBforcingpatientsintoastateofdeepsleepCputtingpatientsintoanunconsciousstateDleadingpatientsconsciousnessawayfromreality4WhatcanwelearnaboutthestoryusedintheprocedureAItshouldkeeppacewiththeprocedureBItreflectsthepatientscreativityCItisselectedbythetechnologistDIttellswhatdoctorsaredoingtothepatient5TheprocedurewasreceivedamongthestaffwithAuncertaintyBenthusiasmCworryDcriticism6WhatisthepassagemainlyaboutAAneasywaytocommunicatewithpatientsBThestandardmethodofconductinghypnosisCAnintroductionofmedicalimagingtechnologyDTheuseofhypnosisinmedicalimagingprocedures五2021年浙江卷1月阅读CResearcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzees黑猩猩usetocommunicateTheysaywildchimpscommunicate19specificmessagestooneanotherwithavocabularyof66gesturesThescientistsdiscoveredthisbyfollowingandfilminggroupsofchimpsinUgandaandexaminingmorethan5000incidentsofthesemeaningfulexchangesDrCatherineHobaiterwholedtheresearchsaidthatthiswastheonlyformofintentionalcommunicationtoberecordedintheanimalkingdomOnlyhumansandchimpsshesaidhadasystemofcommunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmemberThatswhatssoamazingaboutchimpgesturesshesaidTheyretheonlythingthatlookslikehumanlanguageinthatrespectAlthoughpreviousresearchhasshownthatapesandmonkeyscanunderstandcomplexinformationfromanotheranimalscalltheanimalsdonotappeartousetheirvoicesintentionallytocommunicatemessagesThiswasasignificantdifferencebetweencallsandgesturesDrHobaitersaidChimpswillchecktoseeiftheyhavetheattentionoftheanimalwithwhichtheywishtocommunicateInonecaseamotherpresentsherfoottohercryingbabysignalingClimbonmeTheyoungsterimmediatelyjumpsontoitsmothersbackandtheytravelofftogetherThebigmessagefromthisstudyisthatthereisanotherspecies物种outtherethatismeaningfulinitscommunicationsothatsnotuniquetohumanssaidDrHobaiterDrSusanneShultzanevolutionarybiologistfromtheUniversityofManchestersaidthestudywaspraiseworthyinseekingtoenrichourknowledgeoftheevolutionofhumanlanguageButsheaddedtheresultswerealittledisappointingThevaguenessofthegesturemeaningssuggestseitherthatthechimpshavelittletocommunicateorwearestillmissingalotoftheinformationcontainedintheirgesturesandactionsshesaidMoreoverthemeaningsseemtonotgobeyondwhatotheranimalconveywithnonverbalcommunicationSoitseemsthegulfremains1WhatdochimpsandhumanshaveincommonaccordingtoDrHobaiterAMemorizingspecificwordsBUnderstandingcomplexinformationCUsingvoicestocommunicateDCommunicatingmessagesonpurpose2WhatdidDrShultzthinkofthestudyAItwaswelldesignedbutpoorlyconductedBItwasagoodtrybutthefindingswerelimitedCItwasinspiringbuttheevidencewasunreliableDItwasafailurebutthemethodsdeservedpraise3WhatdoestheunderlinedwordgulfinthelastparagraphmeanADifferenceBConflictCBalanceDConnection4WhichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetextAChimpanzeebehaviourstudyachievedabreakthroughBChimpanzeesdevelopedspecificcommunicationskillsCChimpanzeesthesmartestspeciesintheanimalkingdomDChimpanzeelanguagecommunicationgesturestranslated六2021年浙江卷7月阅读CIfyouevergettheimpressionthatyourdogcantellwhetheryoulookcontentorannoyedyoumaybeontosomethingDogsmayindeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangryhumanfacesaccordingtoanewstudyResearcherstrainedagroupof11dogstodistinguishbetweenimages图像ofthesamepersonmakingeitherahappyoranangryfaceDuringthetrainingstageeachdogwasshownonlytheupperhalforthelowerhalfofthepersonsfaceTheresearchersthentestedthedogsabilitytodistinguishbetweenhumanfacialexpressionsbyshowingthemtheotherhalfofthepersonsfaceorimagestotallydifferentfromtheonesusedintrainingTheresearchersfoundthatthedogswereabletopicktheangryorhappyfacebytouchingapictureofitwiththeirnosesmoreoftenthanonewouldexpectbyrandomchanceThestudyshowedtheanimalshadfiguredouthowtoapplywhattheylearnedabouthumanfacesduringtrainingtonewfacesinthetestingstageWecanruleoutthatthedogssimplydistinguishbetweenthepicturesbasedonasimplecuesuchasthesightofteethsaidstudyauthorCorsinMllerInsteadourresultssuggestthatthesuccessfuldogsrealizedthatasmilingmouthmeansthesamethingassmilingeyesandthesameruleappliestoanangrymouthhavingthesamemeaningasangryeyesWithourstudywethinkwecannowconfidentlyconcludethatatleastsomedogscandistinguishhumanfacialexpressionsMullertoldLiveScienceAtthispointitisnotclearwhydogsseemtobeequippedwiththeabilitytorecognizedifferentfacialexpressionsinhumansTousthemostlikelyexplanationappearstobethatthebasisliesintheirlivingwithhumanswhichgivesthemalotofexposuretohumanfacialexpressionsandthisexposurehasprovidedthemwithmanychancestolearntodistinguishbetweenthemMllersaid1ThenewstudyfocusedonwhetherdogscanAdistinguishshapesBmakesenseofhumanfacesCfeelhappyorangryDcommunicatewitheachother2WhatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromParagraph2AResearcherstestedthedogsinrandomorderBDiversemethodswereadoptedduringtrainingCPicturesusedinthetwostagesweredifferentDThedogswerephotographedbeforethetest3WhatisthelastparagraphmainlyaboutAAsuggestionforfuturestudiesBApossiblereasonforthestudyfindingsCAmajorlimitationofthestudyDAnexplanationoftheresearchmethod七2021年新高考卷阅读DPopularizationhasinsomecaseschangedtheoriginalmeaningofemotional情感的intelligenceManypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinapersonsmakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtestsuchascharactermotivationconfidencementalstabilityoptimismandpeopleskillsResearchhasshownthatemotionalskillsmaycontributetosomeofthesequalitiesbutmostofthemmovefarbeyondskillbasedemotionalintelligenceWeprefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificsetofskillsthatcanbeusedforeithergoodorbadpurposesTheabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatientswhileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictimsBeingemotionallyintelligentdoesnotnecessarilymakeoneamoralpersonAlthoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupporttheoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmfulThemostpositiveaspectofthispopularizationisanewandmuchneededemphasis重视onemotionbyemployerseducatorsandothersinterestedinpromotingsocialwellbeingThepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchersreevaluatethefunctionalityofemotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylifeAlthoughthecontinuingpopularappealofemotionalintelligenceisdesirablewehopethatsuchattentionwillexciteagreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarlystudyofemotionItisourhopethatincomingdecadesadvancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectives视角fromwhichtostudyhowpeoplemanagetheirlivesEmotionalintelligencewithitsfocusonbothheadandheartmayservetopointusintherightdirection1WhatisacommonmisunderstandingofemotionalintelligenceAItcanbemeasuredbyanIQtestBIthelpstoexerciseapersonsmindCItincludesasetofemotionalskillsDItreferstoapersonspositivequalities2Whydoestheauthormentiondoctorandcheaterinparagraph2AToexplainaruleBToclarityaconceptCTopresentafactDTomakeaprediction3WhatistheauthorsattitudetothepopularizationofemotionalintelligenceAFavorableBIntolerantCDoubtfulDUnclear4WhatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerningemotionalintelligenceAItsappealtothepublicBExpectationsforfuturestudiesCItspracticalapplicationDScientistswithnewperspectives八2021年全国乙卷阅读DDuringaninterviewforoneofmybooksmyinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoftenAnnoyedbythelevelofdistraction干扰inhisopenofficehesaidThatswhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreetsoIcanfocusHiscommentstruckmeasstrangeAfterallcoworkingspacesalsotypicallyuseanopenofficelayout布局ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworksTheresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinkingTheywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackgroundfromtotalsilenceto50decibels分贝70decibelsand85decibelsThedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatisticallyinsignificanthowevertheparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroupthoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshopsignificantlyoutperformedtheothergroupsSincetheeffectsweresmallthismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoiseButsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificantthestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackgroundnoisenottooloudandnottotalsilencemayactuallyimproveonescreativethinkingabilityTherightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowanderwithoutmakingitimpossibletofocusThiskindofdistractedfocusappearstobethebeststateforworkingoncreativetasksSowhydosomanyofushateouropenofficesTheproblemmaybethatinourofficeswecantstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothersconversationswhileweretryingtofocusIndeedtheresearchersfoundthatfacetofaceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocessandyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions1WhydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspaceAIthelpshimconcentrateBItblocksoutbackgroundnoiseCIthasapleasantatmosphereDItencouragesfacetofaceinteractions2WhichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingabilityATotalsilenceB50decibelsC70decibelsD85decibels3WhatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometomanypeopleAPersonalprivacyunprotectedBLimitedworkingspaceCRestrictionsongroupdiscussionDConstantinterruptions4WhatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetextAHesanewsreporterBHesonofficemanagerCHesaprofessionaldesignerDHesapublishedwriter九2021年浙江卷7月阅读BWeliveinatownwiththreebeachesTherearetwoparkslessthan10minuteswalkfromhomewhereneighbourhoodchildrengathertoplayHoweverwhatmychildrenwanttodoafterschoolispickupascreenanyscreenandstareatitforhoursTheyarenotaloneTodayschildrenspendanaverageoffourandahalfhoursadaylookingatscreenssplitbetweenwatchingtelevisionandusingtheInternetInthepastfewyearsanincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganisationshavebeguncomingupwithplanstocounterthistrendAcoupleofyearsagofilmmakerDavidBondrealisedthathischildrenthenagedfiveandthreewereattachedtoscreenstothepointwherehewasabletosaychocolateintohisthreeyearoldsonsearwithoutgettingaresponseHerealisedthatsomethingneededtochangeandbeingaLondonmediatypeappointedhimselfmarketingdirectorforNatureHedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeopleTheresultwasProjectWildThingafilmwhichchartsthebirthoftheWildNetworksgroupoforganisationswiththecommongoalofgettingchildrenoutintonatureJustfivemoreminutesoutdoorscanmakeadifferenceDavidBondsaysThereisalotofreallyinterestingevidencewhichseemstobesuggestingthatifchildrenareinspireduptotheageofseventhenbeingoutdoorswillbeahabitforlifeHisownchildrenhavegotintothehabitofplayingoutsidenowWejustsendthemoutintothegardenandtellthemnottocomebackinforawhileSummerisuponusThereisanamazingworldoutthereanditneedsourchildrenasmuchastheyneeditLetusgetthemoutandletthemplay1WhatistheproblemwiththeauthorschildrenATheyoftenannoytheneighboursBTheyaretiredofdoingtheirhomeworkCTheyhavenofriendstoplaywithDTheystayinfrontofscreensfortoolong2HowdidDavidBondadvocatehisideaABymakingadocumentaryfilmBByorganizingoutdooractivitiesCByadvertisinginLondonmediaDBycreatinganetworkoffriends3WhichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwordchartsinParagraph2ArecordsBpredictsCdelaysDconfirms4WhatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetextALetChildrenHaveFunBYoungChildrenNeedMoreFreeTimeCMarketNaturetoChildrenDDavidBondARoleModelforChildren十2021年全国甲卷阅读DWhoisageniusThisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturiesLetsstateclearlyEinsteinwasageniusHisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgeniusButwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitselfWhyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofusAndwhoaretheyInthesciencesandartsthosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemenofEuropeanoriginPerhapsthisisnotasurpriseItssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictorsandthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclubWhencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclubwomenorpeopleofadifferentcolororbelieftheywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothersAstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesixgirlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender性别arereallyreallysmartEvenworsethestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbeliefAroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoarereallyreallysmartCanourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveupItdoesnttakeageniustoknowtheanswerabsolutelynotHeresthegoodnewsInawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunicationwereallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappearAndthemorewelookthemorewewillseethatsocialfactors因素likegenderraceandclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgeniusAsawritersaysfuturegeniusescomefromthosewithintelligencecreativityperseverance毅力andsimplegoodfortunewhoareabletochangetheworld1WhatdoestheauthorthinkofvictorsstandardsforjoiningthegeniusclubATheyreunfairBTheyreconservativeCTheyreobjectiveDTheyrestrict2WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScienceATheythinkthemselvessmartBTheylookuptogreatthinkersCTheyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboysDTheyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs3WhyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublicAImprovedglobalcommunicationBLessdiscriminationagainstwomenCAcceptanceofvictorsconceptsDChangesinpeoplessocialpositions4WhatisthebesttitleforthetextAGeniusesThinkAlikeBGeniusTakesManyFormsCGeniusandIntelligenceDGeniusandLuck十一2021年全国乙卷阅读BWhenalmosteveryonehasamobilephonewhyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline座机ThesedaysyoudbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesntownamobilephoneInfactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocketPracticallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhereanytimeStill55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter29relyonlyontheirsmartphonesaccordingtoasurvey调查OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandlineathirdconcedethatitsnotreallynecessaryandtheyrekeepingitasasecurityblanket19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergenciesIthinkmyhomefallsintothatcategoryMorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephoneAgeisnaturallyafactor因素only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthencomparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswhoveperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50yearsAgeisnttheonlyfactorIdsayitsalsotodowiththemakeupofyourhouseholdGenerationXerswithyoungfamilieslikemywifeandIcanstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymemberThatsaidtobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparentstothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephoneusingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofitHowattachedareyoutoyourlandlineHowlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries1WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephonesATheirtargetusersBTheirwidepopularityCTheirmajorfunctionsDTheircomplexdesign2Whatdoestheunderlinedwordconcedeinparagraph3meanAAdmitBArgueCRememberDRemark3WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomersATheylikesmartphonegamesBTheyenjoyguessingcallersidentityCTheykeepusinglandlinephonesDTheyareattachedtotheirfamily4WhatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraphAItremainsafamilynecessityBItwillfalloutofusesomedayCItmayincreasedailyexpensesDItisasimportantasthegaslight答案以及解析一答案14DCAD解析1推理判断题根据第一段第二三句可知林姆尼港自然保护区在一月份迎来了在保护区内出生的第四十头黑犀幼崽而众所周知黑犀是难以圈养繁育的所以可判断该繁育项目是成功的2细节理解题本题问及PaulBeer关于新出生的黑犀说了什么现将选项内容和文中线索进行对比分析具体如下选项正误分析APaulBeer并未提及黑犀幼崽喜欢和妈妈待在一起A项属于无中生有B根据第二段中的ItsstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopenIhavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploring可知目前外面的天气太冷不适合黑犀幼崽外出并不是她不喜欢户外活动B项属于曲解文意C根据第二段中的Sheshealthystrongand可知黑犀幼崽的健康状况良好DPaulBeer并未提及黑犀幼崽对高温敏感D项属于无中生有3细节理解题根据第一段中的WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31和第二段中的HermotherSolioisafirsttimemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob可知Soli是在一月份第一次当妈妈的根据第三段第二句ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirsttimemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg可知Kisima也是在一月份第一次产下幼崽4推理判断题根据第三段中的butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild可知要判断这些黑犀幼崽能否成为被送回到野生保护区的候选者还为时尚早因此可推断出部分犀牛可能会被送回到野生保护区二答案14ACDA解析1细节理解题根据第一段最后一句可知水禽数量减少的其中一个原因是为了养活不断增长的人口以及给他们提供居住地数百万英亩的湿地干涸了水禽的栖息地大大减少了2词义推测题根据第一段第一二句可知北美大陆上原先有着非常丰富的动物资源而根据第一段最后两句可知在探险者和随后的定居者到来之后这里的水禽遭到猎杀栖息地也减少再根据画线词所在句的关键词Unfortunately可知此处指野生动物资源遭到毁坏decimate与destroy意思相近意为破坏毁坏3推理判断题根据第三段第一句可知1934年随着候鸟狩猎印花税法案的通过每1美元鸭票中约有98美分直接给了候鸟保护基金用来购买湿地和野生动物栖息地由此可知政府收集到了钱4标题归纳题本题问的是文章的合适标题本文主要讲述的是美国鸭票的故事具体分析如下选项正误分析A文章主要介绍了美国鸭票的由来实施及成果等故A项最能概括全文BtheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem只是在最后一段提及不适合作为文章标题故B项错误C文中并未详细介绍拯救水禽的好处故C项错误D文中没有详细描述捕杀迁徙鸟类的历史D项无中生有不能作为文章标题三答案14CABD解析1细节理解题本题问及本杰明制作艺术作品的目的是什么现将选项内容与文中线索进行对比分析具体如下选项正误分析A文中未涉及该信息故排除A项B文中提到本杰明的艺术作品是通过收集的塑料制成故其作品本身并不环保且文中也未介绍环保产品因此B项错误C根据文中第一段最后一句可知本杰明想通过自己的作品来引起人们对塑料污染的关注D文中未提到该信息故排除D项2细节理解题根据第三段第一句可知全球仅有9的塑料垃圾可以回收利用塑料垃圾回收难度大而对塑料吸管的介绍更加说明了这一点3推理判断题根据第四段最后一句可知TruckloadofPlastic让观看者感觉这些垃圾会从一辆卡车上一次性倾倒下来再结合第一段尾句和最后一段可推知这件作品会引起观看者的不安才会让他们关注塑料污染4标题归纳题文章主要讲述加拿大摄影师本杰明通过自己的塑料艺术品让人们意识到塑料给海洋带来的污染故选D项四答案16BBDABD解析1细节理解题根据第一段最后一句Theprojectalsoresultedinareductionintheamountofmedicinesusedtoperformmedicalimagingprocedures可知试验项目产生的结果之一就是减少了某些用于医学影像程序的药物的使用2细节理解题根据第四段第一句AFrenchmedicalimagingtechnologistalsoahypnotistwasinvitedtotrainafewmembersinthemedicalimagingdepartmentofthechildrenshospital可知法国技术专家来儿童医院是做催眠培训的3细节理解题根据第五段内容可知催眠是引导病人的意识远离现实从而进入一个想象中的世界4推理判断题根据倒数第三段第一句中的Everythingthathappensnextduringtheproceduremustberelatedtothisstory以及倒数第二段第一句中的Theimportantthingisthatthetechnologistassociateswhatishappeningoutsidethepatientsbodywithwhatthepatientseesinhishead可知催眠过程中接下来发生的一切都必须和这个故事有关技术专家需要把病人身体外发生的事情和他在大脑里看到的联系起来由此可推断故事必须跟整个催眠过程同步5细节理解题根据最后一段第一句及最后一句可知这项催眠技术对员工们很有吸引力他们都想接受培训所以这项催眠技术应该是被员工热情地接受了6主旨大意题纵观全文文章主要介绍了蒙特利尔儿童医院的一个试验项目该项目表明催眠技术的使用可以减轻病人的痛苦和焦虑一位法国医学影像技术专家也是一位催眠师被邀请到儿童医院的医学影像部门给几位员工做催眠培训由此可推断D项催眠技术在医学影像程序中的应用符合题意五答案14DBAD解析1细节理解题根据第二段中的Onlyhumansandchimpsshesaidhadasystemofcommunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember可知人类和黑猩猩的相似之处是他们会有意地向其他成员传递信息进行沟通2推理判断题本题问及DrShultz是如何看待这项研究的现将选项内容与文中线索进行对比分析具体如下选项正误分析A此项指这项研究设计得很好但没有操作好文中并未提及不符合题意B根据最后两段可知DrShultz认为这项研究是一次好的尝试但是发现的结果是有限的故B项正确C此项指这项研究是令人振奋的但是证据是不可靠的文中并未提及不符合题意D此项指这项研究失败了但是方法是值得称赞的文中未提及不符合题意3词义推测题根据画线词所在句及前一句可知目前研究所得出的黑猩猩手势的含义还没有超出其他动物通过非语言交流方式所传达的信息所以黑猩猩手势的交流方式还是和人类语言的交流方式存在差异difference不同差异与gulf意思一致4标题归纳题根据第一段中的Researcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzeesusetocommunicate以及文章对这方面的讨论可知文章主要讲研究人员对黑猩猩手势的研究及一些成果所以D项为本文的最佳标题六答案13BCB解析1细节理解题根据第一段最后一句可知该研究聚焦于狗是否能够理解人类的表情2推理判断题本题问及从第二段中我们可以了解到有关这次研究的什么内容现将选项内容和文中线索进行对比分析具体如下选项正误分析A第二段第三句提到对狗进行测试但并未提到是随机测试A项属于无中生有B根据第二段内容可知研究人员只是先后展示了一张人脸的不同部分或者是不同的图片但并未使用多样化的方法来测试B项属于曲解文意C根据第二段第二句和第三句可知在训练阶段让狗去看人类脸部的上半部分或者下半部分而在测试阶段研究人员通过给狗看人脸的另一部分或者与之前训练中完全不同的图像来测试狗区分人类面部表情的能力故C项两个阶段使用了不一样的图片正确D第二段并未提及测试前给狗拍照的相关内容D项属于无中生有3段落大意题根据最后一段内容可知本段探讨了狗能够辨别人类面部表情可能的原因七答案14DBAB解析1细节理解题根据第一段中的ManypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinapersonsmakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest可知许多人将情商误解为一个人的特质中无法被智商测试所衡量的几乎所有可取的部分比如性格动机自信情绪稳定乐观和人际交往能力再根据第二段对这一误解的说明可推知常见对情商的误解是认为它指一个人积极的品质2推理判断题第二段首句为第二段中心句而后提及的医生与骗子即是为了说明这一观点医生用情商救人骗子用情商害人即情商既可用于做好事也可用做坏事3推理判断题根据第三段内容尤其是theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful可知作者对未来情商的普及是赞许的4段落大意题根据最后一段可知作者在该段表达对未来的情商研究的期望八答案14ACDD解析1细节理解题根据第一段中采访者说的话ThatswhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreetsoIcanfocus可知采访者觉得共享办公空间能让其更加集中注意力2细节理解题根据第二段中的howevertheparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroupthoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshopsignificantlyoutperformedtheothergroups可知70分贝的噪声更有助于促进人们的创造性思维3细节理解题根据最后一段中的Theproblemmaybethatinourofficeswecantstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothersconversationswhileweretryingtofocus可知在开放的办公室人们很容易被别人打扰4推理判断题根据第一段第一句DuringaninterviewforoneofmybooksmyinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften可推知作者是一名作家九答案14DAAC解析1细节理解题根据第一段第三句Howeverwhatmychildrenwanttodoafterschoolispickupascreenanyscreenandstareatitforhours可知作者的孩子们的问题是他们在屏幕前待的时间太长了2细节理解题根据第二段最后两句Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople可知大卫邦德是通过拍一部纪录片宣传他的想法的3词义推测题根据前一句中的Hedocumentedhisjourney及画线词所在句可知此处画线词意为记录record意为记录predict意为预测delay意为推迟confirm意为确认4标题归纳题文章开头作者提出现在很多孩子沉溺于电子产品由此开始介绍电影制作人大卫通过纪录片向孩子们介绍大自然并鼓励孩子们亲近大自然因此C项向孩子们推销大自然为最佳标题十答案14ADAB解析1推理判断题根据第三段最后一句Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclubwomenorpeopleofadifferentcolororbelieftheywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers可知如果这些贡献是由俱乐部以外的天才做出的话包括女性不同肤色的人或者拥有不同信仰的人这些天才是不被认可且会被他人排斥的所以可以判断作者认为加入天才俱乐部的标准是不公平的2推理判断题本题问及从科学杂志的研究报告中可以推断出与女孩子们相关的什么信息现将选项内容和文中线索进行对比分析具体如下选项正误分析A根据第四段第一句可知研究发现在六岁时女孩子们不太可能说自己真的很聪明A项与文意相悖B研究报告中并没有提到女孩子崇拜伟大的思想家B项属于无中生有C研究报告中并没有提到女孩子们比男孩子们更早认识到性别差异C项属于无中生有D根据第三段最后一句可知以往的天才标准让许多在天才俱乐部之外的天才因为性别肤色和信仰原因而不被认可再根据第四段第一二句尤其是Evenworsethestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief可推知女孩子容易被社会观念所影响3细节理解题根据最后一段第二句Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunicationwereallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear可知不管天才身处何地我们都能看到他这是由于网络的发展和持续的全球化交流因此全球化通信交流的改善让更多的天才为公众所知4标题归纳题本文主要介绍了人们以往对天才的定义存在一些歧视因素说明了性别种族阶层等并非天才的决定性因素天才的标准并不唯一所以天才有多种形式最符合文章主题十答案14BACB解析1段落大意题文中第二段主要讲述澳大利亚15岁以上的人群几乎人手一部移动手机即移动手机深受澳大利亚人的欢迎2词义推测题根据第三段画线词后的thatitsnotreallynecessaryandtheyrekeepingitasasecurityblanketemergencies可知这部分人中19的人说从不使用座机13的人说保留座机是为了应急使用由此可推知前面是说三分之一保留座机的人承认座机并非必需品concede与admit意思最为相近意为承认3细节理解题根据第四段第二句中的comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswhoveperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years可知84的婴儿潮一代至今仍然使用家庭座机4推理判断题根据最后一段可知作者提出疑问离座机像煤气路灯和早上送奶到户一样消失还有多久故可推测座机会逐渐地从人们的视野中消失