选修7unit 4重点词汇以及词组,词组辨析等
基础知识
词汇学习
本单元重点词汇
扩展学习
典型例子
operate(vt. vi)
操作,控制,使运行,经营,动手术
operator(cn.)电话操作员,技工
operation(cn.)手术,行动,运行
The doctor told me that I need an _____________ at once.
Tom only ________ better under great pressure.
Dial 114 and you can ask the __________ to help you.
political (adj.)
政治的,政党的,政府的
politician(cn.)从政者,政治家
politics (n.)政治(学科),政治事务
politically(adv.)政治上
After graduation, he’s thinking of going into______________.
Americans generally do not believe in ___________, who are considered as complete liars.
As a fresh____________ leader, he succeeded in convincing the public that he’s an able man.
adjust(vi.vt)
调整,调节
adjuster/adjustor(n.)
调整员,调节器
adjustable(adj.)可调节的
adjustment(n.)调节,调整
adjust oneself to sth.调整以适应……
adjust to sth/doing sth.适应、习惯……
It took her a long while to _________ herself to the new life in high school.
I’ve made several_____________ to improve my composition.
The height of the bicycle is _______________.
participate (vi.)
参加
participant(cn.)参与者
participation(un.)参加,参与
participate in sth.参与…….
My back injury prevented me from ___________ in too active sports.
Their wonderful performance won lots of audience_____________.
He has been an active ______________ in this discussion.
5. donate(vt.) 捐赠,赠送
donation(n.)捐赠,捐赠物
donate sth. (to sb/sth)向…..捐赠….
make a donation of …..to….向….捐赠….
13) All _______________ blood should be tested for HIV and other infections.
14) He has made a ________ of ﹩20,000 to the earthquake-hit areas.
6. purchase(n. v.)购买,采购
purchaser(cn.) 采购者,买家
purchase price买价
purchasing power 购买力
purchase sth. from….
向…….采购…….
15) They ___________ the land for ﹩1million.
16) The company has just announced its ﹩2.5 million________of Park Hotel.
7. voluntary(adj. n.)自愿的,主动的,即兴曲
voluntarily(adv.)自愿地,主动地
volunteer(cn.)志愿者
volunteer(vi.)自愿做….,义务做…..
volunteer to do sth.自愿做….
17) No one asked him to leave---he went away_______.
18)I always do some________ work at the hospital at weekends.
19) Our primary school needs more ____________ to help the children to read.
20) During the journey, the local young girl__________ to work as our guide.
8. relevant(adj.) 紧密相关的,切题的,有价值的,有意义的
relevance(un.)意义
relevantly(adv.)重要地,得要领地
relative(cn.)亲戚
be relevant to sth./sb.
对….有价值/意义,
与….紧密相关
21) The scientist called her colleagues to get some information___________ to her research.
22) The manager has experience in teaching, and more ____________ industry.
Part2.词组中英互译
for sure________________ 2. a newly built platform________________________-
3. stand upside down_______________ 4. dry out____________
5.dry up_____________ 6.climb down the mountain______________
7. a sewing machine_____________ 8. English dialect________________
9.充当志愿者________________________ 10.收到来信________________________
11.极渴望做________________________ 12.达到________________________
13.调整以适应________________________ 14.前几天________________________
15.偶遇________________________ 16.生火________________________
17.参加________________________ 18.想起________________________
Part3.动词专练
Thanks for your letter, which took a fornight________________(arrive).
There’s no electricity or water and even no textbooks either! I’m still trying_______________(adapt) to these conditions.
When we arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother, Kiak, who ______________(pull) weeds in her garden, started crying “ieee, ieee”.
After a short time Tombe threw it out of the doorway, and I was__________(puzzle).
Just 20% more produce will mean the difference between sickness and health, between families going hungry and families________________(provide) for themselves.
The boys who _______________-( not come ) across anything like this before started jumping out of the window.
Tombe’s father, Mukap, led us to his house, a low bamboo hut with grass____________(stick) out of the roof—this is a man’s house.
There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough____________(get) through.
Once the fire was going, he _____________( lay ) stones on it.
My muscles were aching and my knees_____________(shake) as we climbed.
Part4.词语辨析
work as / work on/ work for/ work out
work as :“从事…..的工作”,后面所接的往往就是表示工作类别的名词;
work on:”制造,修理某物”;或者表示“继续从事….”;
work for:“受雇于….”、“为….效力”;
work out:“解决问题,处理”、“锻炼身体”。
Both my father and mother have___________ the engineering company for more than 35 years.
We are so eager to ____________ the problem right now.
She feels it good to _____________ a volunteer teacher in that mountain village.
She’s outside, ____________ her car.
hear/hear of (about)/ hear from/ listen to
hear:“听到了….”,强调的是“听”这个动作的结果,过去式和过去分词都是heard;
listen to:“听,倾听….”,强调的是“听”的行为或动作;
hear of/about:表示“听说….”或“间接获悉….”;
hear from:表示“收到….的来信”。
Mr. Smith has been away from home for a long time. He is looking forward to ___________ his wife.
I’ve never_______________ the news Edison had got involved in.
Tommy felt scared when she______________ footsteps behind her in the dark street.
To show my respect to him, I had to________________ his terrible singing very carefully.
think of / think about/ think over
think of 和think about在表示“考虑”、“对…..某种看法”时可以互换,但是think of 还可以表示“想起…..”、“想出(办法,注意)”;
think over:表示“仔细考虑…..”.
They’re ___________________ buying another new car.
Who ________________ the idea? It’s great! But I can’t ______________his name.
We need several days to______________ this matter.
take/cost/spend/pay
take表示“花费时间”,其主语是人、事物,或者it, 一般与不定式搭配:it takes sb. time to do sth.;
cost表示“花费金钱,劳力、精力,或(笼统意义上的、不具体的)时间”,其主语可以是事物或it。 并且在表示“花费”时,一般不用于被动语态。常见搭配有:it costs sb. time to do sth., sth, costs sb. money;
spend表示“花费时间,金钱”,主动语态时主语一定为人。 sb. spend time/money (in) doing sth./on sth.
pay(for), pay表示付给人家前、兑现账单等;pay for 表示买东西付款,也表示替别人付钱。主语是人。其常见结构是to pay sb. some money, pay money for sth.
He _______________ an hour to finish the work.
The journey to the airport_______________ one and a half hours.
It_____________ her 25 minutes to repair her bike.
The company has____________ thousands of pounds updating their computer system.
Don’t use too much of it----it______ a lot of money.
Calls to the helpline ________ 38 pence per minute.
John, as an adult, you should________ all your bills yourself and you must _______ me 100 yuan a month for your meals.
Part4.句型运用
Sometimes I ____________how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their village after Year 8 anyway.(page 29)
归纳:wonder 多指遇到了棘手的事情,难以弄懂或困惑而引起的惊奇。句型wonder+疑问词+从句表示“对…..感到纳闷”、“想知道….”
翻译:
他很奇怪为什么人们建造出这么丑陋的房子来。
我刚才正纳闷你上哪去了。
不知你能否帮我的忙?
2.______________________________ to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.(page 30)
归纳:It is a privilege(an honor, a pleasure