2023届高考英语三轮复习·冲刺押题·外刊阅读理解训练 (47) (24)（含解析）.doc

2023届高考英语三轮复习·冲刺押题 外刊阅读理解训练47 ——改编自WILL ROBOTS TAKE MY JOB? 【文章】 Moore's Law proposes that the number of transistors on a computer chip will double approximately every two years. This law has accurately predicted the pace at which technology has advanced for almost six decades. However, while Moore's Law remains correct, other tech trends have been accelerating faster than computer chips can keep up. Many people are wondering whether robots will take their jobs. According to PwC, a business consultancy, by 2035, one in three jobs could be automated by robots. Robots are traditionally applied to "dirty," "dull," and "dangerous" tasks. For instance, robots have naturally fallen into automotive production. Repetitive processes are always achievable because they lack variability. White-collar positions, particularly those focused on data sorting, are being replaced by artificial intelligence. Jobs in financial services have also been affected, as almost all Wall Street firms use automated robots to carry out trades. Healthcare, on the other hand, is an industry where workers are less likely to be replaced by robots, despite the fact that surgical robots, controlled by remote health-care professionals, are already being used in hospitals. Despite the rise of robots in industries, the gentle touch and caring reassurance of a well-trained nurse or doctor cannot be replicated by a robotic automaton. As Jonathan Aitken, a robotics expert at the University of Sheffield in the United Kingdom, says, "It’s important to ask the question of whether we want robots doing certain jobs. In replacing a human, especially in a human-facing role, we’re being asked to accept the robot. This is something that’ll take time to achieve. People still like people." 【重点词汇&词组】 moore's law [muːrz lɔ] n. 摩尔定律，计算机芯片性能指数每两年翻一番的规律 transistor [trænˈzɪstər] n. 晶体管，半导体器件 computer chip [kəmˈpjuːtər tʃɪp] n. 计算机芯片 technology [tɛkˈnɑlədʒi] n. 技术，科技 robot [ˈroʊbɑt] n. 机器人，自动机 job [dʒɑb] n. 工作，职业 automation [ɔːtoʊˈmeɪʃən] n. 自动化，自动操作 automation by robots [ɔːtoʊˈmeɪʃən baɪ ˈroʊbɑts] phrase. 机器人自动化 dirty [ˈdɜrti] adj. 肮脏的，不干净的 dull [dʌl] adj. 单调乏味的，枯燥的 dangerous [ˈdeɪndʒərəs] adj. 危险的，有风险的 automotive production [ˌɔːtoʊˈmoʊtɪv prəˈdʌkʃən] phrase. 汽车生产 repetitive processes [rɪˈpɛtətɪv ˈprɑsɛsəz] phrase. 重复流程，重复性工艺 variability [ˌvɛriəˈbɪləti] n. 变化性，可变性 white-collar positions [waɪt ˈkɑlər pəˈzɪʃənz] phrase. 白领职位，蓝领工作 artificial intelligence [ˌɑrˌtɪfɪˈʃæl ɪnˈtɛlədʒəns] n. 人工智能，AI financial services [faɪˈnænʃəl ˈsɜrvəsɪz] phrase. 金融服务，财务服务 wall street [wɔl strit] n. 华尔街，美国金融界 healthcare [ˈhɛlθker] n. 医疗保健，卫生保健 surgical robot [ˈsɜrdʒɪkəl ˈroʊbɑt] n. 外科手术机器人 gentle touch [ˈdʒɛntl tʌtʃ] phrase. 轻柔触感，温馨感受 caring reassurance [ˈkɛrɪŋ ˌriˈʃʊrəns] phrase. 慰问关怀，关怀安慰 robotic automaton [roʊˈbɑtɪk ɔːˈtɑmətən] phrase. 机器人自动操作 robotics expert [roʊˈbɑtɪks ˈɛkspərt] n. 机器人专家 human-facing role [ˈhjuːmən feɪsɪŋ roʊl] phrase. 与人交互的角色，面向人员的工作 time to achieve [taɪm tuː əˈtʃiv] phrase. 实现所需的时间，时间成本 human [ˈhjumən] adj. 人类的，人的 people [ˈpipəl] n. 人们，大众 【阅读理解习题】 1. What is Moore's Law? A) A law that predicts the number of robots in factories will increase. B) A law that proposes the number of transistors on a computer chip will double about every two years. C) A law that predicts how often robots will need to be replaced. D) A law that calculates the amount of electricity used by computers. Answer: B 中文解析：摩尔定律是提议电脑芯片上晶体管数量每两年会翻倍的定律。 2. Which of the following has been accelerating faster than computer chips can keep up? A) The pace at which technology has advanced. B) The development of robotic automata. C) The number of people interested in working in the tech industry. D) Both A and B. Answer: D 中文解析：题目问到哪些因素加速了比电脑芯片还快，由于A、B两项都在答案范围内所以选D。 3. According to PwC, what percentage of jobs could be automated by robots by 2035? A) One in five. B) One in four. C) One in three. D) One in two. Answer: C 中文解析：根据名为 PwC 的商业咨询机构，到 2035 年，可望有三分之一的工作岗位会被机器人自动化。 4. Where have robots tended to be applied? A) In manual labor positions. B) In white-collar positions. C) In healthcare. D) Both A and C. Answer: A 中文解析：题目问到机器人在哪些行业应用广泛，根据文章 "Robots are traditionally applied to ‘dirty,’ ‘dull,’ and ‘dangerous’ tasks. For instance, robots have naturally fallen into automotive production" 可以得出机器人被广泛用于体力劳动类工作。 5. Which of the following jobs are being replaced by artificial intelligence? A) Data sorting positions. B) White-collar executive positions. C) Computer chip manufacturing jobs. D) Both A and B. Answer: A 中文解析：题目问到哪种工作职位正被人工智能所取代，答案是处理数据的岗位。 6. What is one industry where workers are less likely to be replaced by robots? A) Manufacturing. B) Financial services. C) Healthcare. D) Technology. Answer: C 中文解析：题目问在哪个行业里工人不那么容易被机器人取代，文章中提到了医疗保健行业。 7. What role do surgical robots play in healthcare? A) They replace human doctors and nurses. B) They assist remote healthcare professionals in performing surgeries. C) They work alongside human doctors and nurses. D) They diagnose illnesses in patients. Answer: B 中文解析：题目问手术机器人在医疗保健行业里扮演什么样的角色，答案是帮助远程医疗专业人员进行手术操作。 8. Why do some people believe it is important to ask whether we want robots doing certain jobs? A)