2023届高考英语三轮复习·冲刺押题·外刊阅读理解训练 (41) (24)（含解析）.doc

2023届高考英语三轮复习·冲刺押题 外刊阅读理解训练41 ——改编自Every Silver Lining Has A Cloud 【文章】 Technological advances have transformed the behind-the-scenes infrastructure that keeps the internet running. The most popular websites are now stored on multiple computers to circumvent the problem of digital traffic jams. Traditionally, every company maintained its own data center or rented space in a data center maintained by others. However, this approach has limitations as websites and services can still fall over due to an overload caused by high demand. In the early 2000s, Amazon faced this problem and solved it by building enormous data centers with large capacity and developing technology that automatically copied popular pages to new computers when demand increased. Amazon hit upon another idea and launched Amazon Web Services (AWS) to let other companies use their technology too. AWS, the Cloud arm of the company, is now more profitable than the online store, and their service is behind vast swathes of the web we use today, including Facebook, BBC, and even the British government’s website. The cloud has brought immense benefits like easily accessible computing power, safer data backup, and working from home being possible. One of the most valuable benefits of the cloud is that it ensures popular websites do not crash under the weight of high demand. Even when life becomes incredibly weird at a short notice, and demand for streaming video and other digital services skyrockets, endless loading screens are no longer a concern. 【重点词汇&词组】 technological [tɛkˌnɑlə'dʒɪkəl] adj. 技术的，科技的 advances [əd'vænsɪz] n. 进步，发展；v. 前进，取得进展 transformed [træns'fɔrmd] v. 转变，改变 behind-the-scenes [bɪ'haɪnd-ðə-si:nz] adj. 幕后的，秘密的 infrastructure [ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃər] n. 基础设施，基本结构 internet ['ɪntərnɛt] n. 互联网，因特网 popular ['pɑpjulər] adj. 流行的，受欢迎的 stored [stɔrd] v. 存储，储藏 multiple ['mʌltəpl] adj. 多个的，多样的 circumvent [sɜrkəmvɛnt] v. 绕过，避开 problem ['prɑbləm] n. 问题，难题 digital ['dɪdʒɪtl] adj. 数字的，数码的 traffic [ˈtræfɪk] n. 交通，运输；v. 驾驶，运送 jams [dʒæmz] n. 堵塞，拥堵 traditionally [trə'dɪʃənəli] adv. 传统地，惯例上 company ['kʌmpəni] n. 公司，企业 maintained [meɪn'tend] v. 维护，保持 data [ˈdeɪtə] n. 数据，资料 center ['sɛntər] n. 中心，中央 rented [rɛntɪd] v. 租赁，租用 space [speɪs] n. 空间，位置 limitations [`lɪmɪ'teɪʃənz] n. 限制，局限性 websites ['wɛbsaɪts] n. 网站，网页 services ['sɝvəsɪz] n. 服务，业务 fall over [fɔloʊvɜr] phrasal verb. 倒塌，垮掉 overload [ˈoʊvərloʊd] n. 过载，超负荷 caused [kɔzd] v. 导致，引起 high [haɪ] adj. 高的，高度的；adv. 高度地，非常 demand [dɪ'mænd] n. 需求，需求量；v. 要求，需要 early ['ɜrli] adj. 早期的，初期的 Amazon [ˈæməzɑn] n. 亚马逊（互联网电商之一） faced [feɪst] v. 面临，面对 solved [sɑlvd] v. 解决，处理 enormous [ɪˈnɔrməs] adj. 庞大的，巨大的 capacity [kə'pæsəti] n. 容量，容积 technology [tɛk'nɑlədʒi] n. 技术，技艺 automatically [ɔtə'mætɪkli] adv. 自动地，自动化地 copied ['kɑpid] v. 复制，抄袭 hit upon [hɪt əˈpɑn] phrasal verb. 碰巧发现，想到 launched [lɔntʃt] v. 启动，发射 Web [wɛb] n. 网络，网页 Services [ˈsɝvəsɪz] n. 服务（Amazon公司的子公司之一） let [lɛt] v. 让，允许 other ['ʌðər] adj. 其他的，另外的 profitable ['prɑfɪtəbl] adj. 有利可图的，赚钱的 online ['ɑnlaɪn] adj. 在线的，联网的 store [stɔr] n. 商店，店铺；v. 存储，储存 service ['sɝvɪs] n. 服务，业务 behind [bɪ'haind] prep. 在…背后 vast ['væst] adj. 广阔的，巨大的 swathes [swɔθs] n. 一条宽广带状地区，一片 use [jus] v. 使用，利用 including [ɪn'kludɪŋ] prep. 包括，包含 Facebook [ˈfeɪsbʊk] n. 脸书（社交网络） BBC [ˌbi:b(i)'si:] n. 英国广播公司 even ['ivən] adv. 甚至，连 British ['brɪtɪʃ] adj. 英国的 government ['ɡʌvərnmənt] n. 政府，政体 website ['wɛbsaɪt] n. 网站，网页 cloud [klaʊd] n. 云，云计算 brought [brɔt] v. 带来，引进 immense [ɪ'mɛns] adj. 巨大的，无限的 benefits ['bɛnəfɪts] n. 利益，好处 easily ['izili] adv. 容易地，轻松地 accessible [æk'sɛsəbl] adj. 易接近的，可进入的 computing [kəm'pju:tɪŋ] n. 计算，计算机处理 power [ˈpaʊər] n. 动力，能量；v. 提供动力，驱动 safer [ˈseɪfər] adj. 更安全的，更可靠的 data backup [deɪtə ˈbækʌp] n. 数据备份 working [ˈwɜrkɪŋ] n. 工作；adj. 起作用的；v. 工作，劳动 from [frəm] prep. 从…开始 home [hoʊm] n. 家，住所；adv. 在家，回家 possible ['pɑsəbl] adj. 可能的，有可能的 valuable ['væljʊəbl] adj. 有价值的，宝贵的 ensures [ɛnˈʃʊrz] v. 确保，保证 crash [kræʃ] v. 崩溃，瘫痪 weight [weɪt] n. 重量，体重 loading [ˈloʊdɪŋ] n. 装载，负载 screens [skrinz] n. 屏幕，显示器 no longer 不再，不复 【阅读理解习题】 1. What has transformed the behind-the-scenes infrastructure that keeps the internet running? A) Technological advancements. B) Government regulations. C) Economic changes. D) Social media trends. Answer: A 中文解析：技术进步已经改变了保持互联网运行的幕后基础设施。 2. What do companies traditionally do to maintain their data centers? A) Rent space in a data center maintained by others. B) Build multiple data centers of their own. C) Sell their data centers to Amazon. D) Shut down their data centers. Answer: A 中文解析：传统上，公司要么自己维护自己的数据中心，要么租用由他人维护的数据中心空间。 3. Why did Amazon build enormous data centers in the early 2000s? A) To make their online store more profitable. B) To automatically copy popular pages to new computers. C) To circumvent the problem of digital traffic jams. D) To work from home possible. Answer: C 中文解析：在2000年代初，亚马逊之所以建造巨大的数据中心是为了避免数字交通堵塞的问题。 4. What does AWS stand for and what is it? A) Automatic Web Service, a type of website hosting. B) Amazon Web Store, an online shopping platform. C) Amazon Web Services, a cloud computing arm of Amazon. D) Advanced Web Storage, a method of backing up data. Answer: C 中文解析：AWS代表Amazon Web Services，是Amazon的云计算部门。 5. Which of the following statements about AWS is true? A) AWS lets other companies use Amazon’s online store. B) AWS has never been profitable for Amazon. C) AWS helped solve the problem of website crashes due to high demand. D) AWS is only used by the British government. Answer: C 中文解析：由于 AWS，高需求时的网站崩溃问题得到了解决。 6. What benefits has the cloud brought? A) Easily accessible computing power, safer data backup, and working from home being possible. B) Fa