2022届上海市高考英语核心词汇精析8学案（有答案）.doc

词汇精析8 smash [smæʃ] v./n. 打碎；粉碎；猛撞 adj. 了不起的；非常轰动的；出色的 瓶子滑在地上，摔成碎片。____________________________________. (The bottle slipped and smashed to pieces on the floor.) There was a serious motor smash on the bridge.____________________________________. (桥上发生了严重的汽车相撞事故。) Her performance was a tremendous smash.__________________________________. (她的演出极其成功。) 词汇拓展：表示“打破、弄碎”的词有：smash, break, burst, crack, crush, fracture, shatter 2. temporarily ['temprərəli] adv. 暂时的；临时地 他是暂时代理她的职务。__________________________________________. (He is temporarily acting for her in that post.) • temporary adj. 临时的 n.临时工 • permanent adj.永久的；持久的 n.<口> 烫发 词汇拓展：表示“短暂的，瞬息的”的词有：temporary, momentary, transient 3. guilty ['ɡɪlti] adj.有罪的；内疚的 • be guilty of 有…罪 他犯有谋杀罪这个事实是不容否认的。_____________________________________. (There is no denying the fact that he is guilty of murder. ) • guilt n.罪行；内疚 Guilt was written all over his face._______________________________. (他脸上明显流露着内疚的神情。) 词汇拓展：表示“犯法，犯罪，罪恶”的词有：guilt, crime, sin, offence, violation tough [tʌf] adj. 强悍的；难对付的；坚强的；严格的 adv.以强硬的态度；强硬地，顽强地 n.暴徒; 恶棍 The government is taking a tough line on drug abuse._______________________________. (政府对滥用麻醉药品采取强硬方针。) I am well aware that this is a tough job._____________________. (我深知这是一件棘手的工作。) • be tough on : be strict with对…很严格 他们对酒后驾车者十分严格。_________________________. (They are very tough on drunk drivers. ) 5. checkout ['tʃekaʊt] n.付款台，付款处 请到收银台付款。___________________________. (Please pay your bills at the checkout counter.) • check in 登记办理住宿手续，办理登机手续 • check out 寄存，向旅馆结账退房，查证属实 • check v.检查；阻止；核对；买单 n.检查；阻碍；支票；账单；方格图案；(国际象棋)将军 We conduct regular check on the quality of our products._______________________. (我们对产品做例行质量检查。) Heavy rains were a check on the army's advance._______________________. (大雨阻挡了军队的前进。) A change of wind checked the fire. _______________________. (风向的转变阻止了火势的蔓延。) 词汇拓展：表示“控制，克制”词有：check, control 词汇拓展：表示“阻止、抑制、制止”词有：check, restrain, refrain, bridle, curb, inhibit 6. purchase ['pɜ:tʃəs] vt.购买 n.购买；购买的物品 • make purchases 购买 她在商场购买了几样东西。______________________________________. (She made several purchases in the shopping mall.) • purchasing power 购买力 美元的购买力已经下降。______________________________________. (The purchasing power of the dollar has declined.) 7. mean to 打算；成心要 我不是故意冒犯你。______________________________________. (I didn't mean to offend you.) • be meant for 本应为； 注定要成为 This kind of toy is mean for preschool children.____________________________________. (这种玩具专为学龄前儿童制造的。) He is not meant for a soldier and will always be unhappy in the army.__________________. (他天生不是当兵的料，当兵他是永远不会快乐的。) • meaning n. 意义，意思 means n. 方法，手段 by all means (当然，完全可以) by means of (用，依靠) by no means (决不) 我们用词句来表达思想。______________________________________. (We express our thoughts by means of words.) 这些货品一点也不令人满意。______________________________________. (These goods are by no means satisfactory.) 8. queue [kju:] n.长队；行列；辫子 v.排队 长时间的排队等待不仅会损害顾客健康，还会有损公司声望。__________________. (Long waits in a queue are not just bad for customers' health but for the company's reputation too.) • queue up 排成队，排队等候 We are queuing up to buy tickets for the concert.___________________________________. (我们正在排队等候买音乐会的入场券。) • jump the queue 插队 我感到不挨次序排队是不好的。____________________________________. (I don't think it's good to jump the queue.) 词汇拓展：表示“列、队、排”的词有：queue, row, line, rank, file 9. error ['erə(r)] n.错误；过失；误差；谬误 耳朵尖的人能听出这个错。______________________________________. (An alert listener will have noticed the error.) • trial and error 反复试验, 不断摸索 成长是一个不断尝试和犯错误的过程。______________________________________. (Growth is a process of trial and error.) 词汇拓展：表示“缺点，错误”的词有：error, fa