2023届阅读理解题材类专练：议论文（含答案）.doc

2023届阅读理解题材类专练议论文共5题一阅读理解题共5题CuriosityisanimportantcharacteristicofageniusIdontthinkyoucanfindanintellectualgiantwhoisnotacuriouspersonThomasEdisonLeonardodaVinciAlbertEinsteinandRichardFeynmantheyareallcuriouscharactersRichardFeynmanisespeciallyknownforhisadventureswhichcamefromhiscuriosityHerearefourreasonsItmakesyourmindactiveandstrongTheirmindsarealwaysactiveSincethemindislikeamusclewhichbecomesstrongerthroughcontinualexercisethementalexercisecausedbycuriositymakesyourmindstrongerandstrongerItmakesyourmindobservantofnewideasWhenyouarecuriousaboutsomethingyourmindexpectsnewideasrelatedtoitWhentheideascometheywillsoonberecognizedThisisbecauseyourmindisnotpreparedtorecognizethemJustthinkhowmanygreatideasmayhavelostduetolackofcuriosityBybeingcuriousyouwillbeabletoseesomethingnewthatisnormallynotvisibleTheyarehiddenbehindthesurfaceofnormallifeandittakesacuriousmindtolookbeneaththesurfaceanddiscovertheunknownItbringsexcitementintoyourlifeThelifeofcuriouspeopleisfarfromboringItsneitherdullnorroutineTherearealwaysnewthingsthatattracttheirattentionandtherearealwaysnewtoystoplaywith1ASoiscuriositythatimportantBButwhyiscuriositysoimportantCItleadsyoutoanewandexcitinglifeDItopensupnewworldsandpossibilitiesECuriouspeoplealwaysaskquestionsandsearchforanswersFRatherthangetboredcuriouspeoplehaveanadventurouslifeGWithoutcuriositytheideasmaypassrightinfrontofyouandyetyoumissthem2ASoiscuriositythatimportantBButwhyiscuriositysoimportantCItleadsyoutoanewandexcitinglifeDItopensupnewworldsandpossibilitiesECuriouspeoplealwaysaskquestionsandsearchforanswersFRatherthangetboredcuriouspeoplehaveanadventurouslifeGWithoutcuriositytheideasmaypassrightinfrontofyouandyetyoumissthem3ASoiscuriositythatimportantBButwhyiscuriositysoimportantCItleadsyoutoanewandexcitinglifeDItopensupnewworldsandpossibilitiesECuriouspeoplealwaysaskquestionsandsearchforanswersFRatherthangetboredcuriouspeoplehaveanadventurouslifeGWithoutcuriositytheideasmaypassrightinfrontofyouandyetyoumissthem4ASoiscuriositythatimportantBButwhyiscuriositysoimportantCItleadsyoutoanewandexcitinglifeDItopensupnewworldsandpossibilitiesECuriouspeoplealwaysaskquestionsandsearchforanswersFRatherthangetboredcuriouspeoplehaveanadventurouslifeGWithoutcuriositytheideasmaypassrightinfrontofyouandyetyoumissthem5ASoiscuriositythatimportantBButwhyiscuriositysoimportantCItleadsyoutoanewandexcitinglifeDItopensupnewworldsandpossibilitiesECuriouspeoplealwaysaskquestionsandsearchforanswersFRatherthangetboredcuriouspeoplehaveanadventurouslifeGWithoutcuriositytheideasmaypassrightinfrontofyouandyetyoumissthemWhentheHomeOfficesaysthatitsworryingaboutbars酒吧thatencouragepeopletodrinkwhentheyrealreadydrunkitmeansthattheproblemofdrinkingisaboutpeoplefallingoverincitycentersHoweverthelatterisamoredifficultissueThereareplentyofdrunkenpeoplewhoareabitunsteadygoingupstairstobedanddontbreakanythingThebiggestchangeintheirdrinkinghabitsistheincreaseinthedrinkingofwinemostofwhichisdrunkathomeThisiswhatwillstopusbecominga24hourpubsocietyTheBritisharegoodatstayingathomemostpeoplenowhaveinformaldiningkitchenswhichencourageinformaleatinganddrinkingItdoesntsoundunreasonablebuttheDepartmentofHealthwouldsaythatitaddsuptoahealthproblemYetthishasbecometheculturalstandardforallgenerationsThegreatriseinalcoholconsumption消费fromthe1980sisconsideredtobedowntowomendrinkingpartlyreflectingtheirincreasingimportanceaswageearnersThereisastrongconnectionbetweentheeconomyandalcoholconsumptioninBritainTodaythenumberofpeoplewhosaythattheydontdrinkinthiscountryisrisingprobablybecauseofincentivesofferedbyinsurancecompanies1AWhynothaveanicemealandopenabottleofwineBWillBritishdrinkerstakeanynoticeofthegovernmentCPeoplearehappydrinkingathomewheretheydontpaypubpricesDDrinkingathomeseemssaferformanywomenthangoingtoapubEThechangeinattitudestodrunkendrivinginrecentyearsshowsthatthiscanhappenFItsprobablythecasethatthosewhododrinkaredrinkingmorepossiblybecauseoftherecession衰退GWhattheHomeOfficeistalkingaboutisthelinkbetweendrinkingandsocialorderratherthandrinkingandhealth2AWhynothaveanicemealandopenabottleofwineBWillbritishdrinkerstakeanynoticeofthegovernmentCPeoplearehappydrinkingathomewheretheydontpaypubpricesDDrinkingathomeseemssaferformanywomenthangoingtoapubEThechangeinattitudestodrunkendrivinginrecentyearsshowsthatthiscanhappenFItsprobablythecasethatthosewhododrinkaredrinkingmorepossiblybecauseoftherecession衰退GWhattheHomeOfficeistalkingaboutisthelinkbetweendrinkingandsocialorderratherthandrinkingandhealth3AWhynothaveanicemealandopenabottleofwineBWillBritishdrinkerstakeanynoticeofthegovernmentCPeoplearehappydrinkingathomewheretheydontpaypubpricesDDrinkingathomeseemssaferformanywomenthangoingtoapubEThechangeinattitudestodrunkendrivinginrecentyearsshowsthatthiscanhappenFItsprobablythecasethatthosewhododrinkaredrinkingmorepossiblybecauseoftherecession衰退GWhattheHomeOfficeistalkingaboutisthelinkbetweendrinkingandsocialorderratherthandrinkingandhealth4AWhynothaveanicemealandopenabottleofwineBWillBritishdrinkerstakeanynoticeofthegovernmentCPeoplearehappydrinkingathomewheretheydontpaypubpricesDDrinkingathomeseemssaferformanywomenthangoingtoapubEThechangeinattitudestodrunkendrivinginrecentyearsshowsthatthiscanhappenFItsprobablythecasethatthosewhododrinkaredrinkingmorepossiblybecauseoftherecession衰退GWhattheHomeOfficeistalkingaboutisthelinkbetweendrinkingandsocialorderratherthandrinkingandhealth5AWhynothaveanicemealandopenabottleofwineBWillBritishdrinkerstakeanynoticeofthegovernmentCPeoplearehappydrinkingathomewheretheydontpaypubpricesDDrinkingathomeseemssaferformanywomenthangoingtoapubEThechangeinattitudestodrunkendrivinginrecentyearsshowsthatthiscanhappenFItsprobablythecasethatthosewhododrinkaredrinkingmorepossiblybecauseoftherecession衰退GWhattheHomeOfficeistalkingaboutisthelinkbetweendrinkingandsocialorderratherthandrinkingandhealthItsveryimportanttodevelopnewtechnologywiselysothateveryonecanbenefitformitSomepeoplebelieveourtechnologyplanshouldfocusonbuildingspaceshipsWhichisthebettercourseofactionForthosewhodreamofexploringouterspacethedevelopmentofhightechspaceshipsisimportantButjustonespaceshipcancostbillionsofdollarsEventhemostspecializedrobotscouldbedesignedandbuiltmuchmorecheaplythanspaceshipsBesidesrobotscouldbeusedforpracticalpurposesrighthereonEarthManypeoplewhofocusonfuturespaceexplorationtalkaboutsolvingthekeymysteriesofspaceandperhapsevenhowlifecomesintobeingRobotswillplaymanynewrolesinpeopleslifeinthefuturebuteventherobotswehavenowbenefitusinpracticalwaysForexampletheycanworkindangerousconditionssuchasplaceswithveryhighorlowtemperaturesTheycantakeapartbombsbuildproductsorcarryoutimportantsurgeryInaworditsclearlybettertogiveattentiontimeandmoneytothetechnologicaldevelopmentofrobotsTheyalsobenefitpeopleinwaysthataremorepracticalthananybenefitfromaspaceship1AItiswaymorecostlythanbuildingarobotBOthersbelieveitshouldfocusonbuildingrobotsCTheyarelessexpensivetodevelopandmoreusefulDTheseareallusefulthingsthatbenefitpeoplerightnowEHerearesomeoftheadvantagesofhavingrobotsaroundthehouseFTechnologyplaysanimportantroleinhelpinghumansworkmoreeasilyGWhilethiskindofknowledgeisinterestingitisnotwhatpeopleneedmostrightnow2AItiswaymorecostlythanbuildingarobotBOthersbelieveitshouldfocusonbuildingrobotsCTheyarelessexpensivetodevelopandmoreusefulDTheseareallusefulthingsthatbenefitpeoplerightnowEHerearesomeoftheadvantagesofhavingrobotsaroundthehouseFTechnologyplaysanimportantroleinhelpinghumansworkmoreeasilyGWhilethiskindofknowledgeisinterestingitisnotwhatpeopleneedmostrightnow3AItiswaymorecostlythanbuildingarobotBOthersbelieveitshouldfocusonbuildingrobotsCTheyarelessexpensivetodevelopandmoreusefulDTheseareallusefulthingsthatbenefitpeoplerightnowEHerearesomeoftheadvantagesofhavingrobotsaroundthehouseFTechnologyplaysanimportantroleinhelpinghumansworkmoreeasilyGWhilethiskindofknowledgeisinterestingitisnotwhatpeopleneedmostrightnow4AItiswaymorecostlythanbuildingarobotBOthersbelieveitshouldfocusonbuildingrobotsCTheyarelessexpensivetodevelopandmoreusefulDTheseareallusefulthingsthatbenefitpeoplerightnowEHerearesomeoftheadvantagesofhavingrobotsaroundthehouseFTechnologyplaysanimportantroleinhelpinghumansworkmoreeasilyGWhilethiskindofknowledgeisinterestingitisnotwhatpeopleneedmostrightnow5AItiswaymorecostlythanbuildingarobotBOthersbelieveitshouldfocusonbuildingrobotsCTheyarelessexpensivetodevelopandmoreusefulDTheseareallusefulthingsthatbenefitpeoplerightnowEHerearesomeoftheadvantagesofhavingrobotsaroundthehouseFTechnologyplaysanimportantroleinhelpinghumansworkmoreeasilyGWhilethiskindofknowledgeisinterestingitisnotwhatpeopleneedmostrightnowWetrytogiveourchildrensomuchbutsometimesforgettogivethemthegreatestgifttheabilitytofeelgratefulWithoutthatwecannevergivethemenoughGratitudecanbeexpressedforanythingthesightofbeautifulcloudsourwarmhomeoranicemealManyofourparentstriedtomakeusfeelgratefulbypointingoutthehungrychildreninsomefarawaylandThisoftenresultedinusofferingtosendthosechildrentheunpleasantclothesoruglytennisshoesJusthavealookaroundusweknowhowthishappenedAllaroundarematerialthingsthattheyandweareledtobelievewemusthavethatwehavearighttohaveThemostimportantissimplybeinganexampleofbeinggratefulforthethingsinourownlivesInmyworkasaschoolpsychologistamotherwitha9yearoldcametoseemeforhelpWeworkedoutawaytoteachhimtofeelgratitudebutnottosayhowfortunatehewasShestartedbytalkingaboutwhathadgoneoninherdaythatshewasgratefulforafriendwhopraisedherworkorthequieteveningwithouttoomuchwashingThensheaskedhimifanythinggoodhappenedinhisdayHegottheideasharedafewthingsanditsoonbecameahabitSoalongwithallthethingsonthewishlistswecanaddanotheronegratitudeItmightevenhelptostartbylettingourkidsknowthatregardlessoftheirappearancetheirscoresortheirabilitiestheyaresourceofgratitudeinourlives1AccordingtotheauthorgratitudeAmaycomefromeverydaylifeBshouldcomefirstonthewishlistsCismoreimportantthanchildrensscoresDmustbetaughtbyteachersinschool2WhatisParagraph2mainlyaboutAThesituationofchildreninpoorareasBTheskillofchoosingandsendinggiftsCThedifferencebetweenrightandwrongDThereasonforchildrensfeelingungrateful3Thestoryofthe9yearoldboyismainlytoshowthatparentsshouldAteachtheirchildrentoforgetbadthingsinlifeBsetanexampletochildrentofeelgratefulCtelltheirchildrenhowluckytheyareDpraisetheirchildrenquiteoften4InwhichpartofawebsitecanweprobablyfindthetextANewsBJobsCFamilyDArtsItsthelunchbreakatShanghaiXinhuaMiddleSchoolNomobilephonescanbeheardringanywhereThecommonsightofcrowdsofchildrenchattingontheirphonesorsendingshortmessageshasdisappearedAgrade2studentsaidIcouldntconcentrate集中精力duringclassesifthecellphonewaswithmeIcouldnthelpcheckingifthereweremessagesormissedphonecallsIevenplayedgamesonthephonesometimesTheschoolleaderssaytheyfeelthebanisnecessarytokeeporderinclassTheyevengaveoutanopenlettertoremindparentsnottolettheirchildrenbringmobilephonestoschoolMorethan96percentofparentssaytheywelcometheschooldecisionTheschoolisalsoflexible灵活的incarryingouttheplanThosestudentswholivefarfromschoolareallowedtobringmobilephonestocontacttheirparentsButtheystillhavetoswitchthemoffinclassroomsMedicalexpertshavealsowelcomedtheschooldecisionTheysaytoomuchdependenceonmobilephonescancausemanypsychologicalproblemsinteenagestudents1WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1AShanghaiXinhuaMiddleSchoolisverycrowdedduringlunchbreaksBNomobilephonescanbeheardringanytimeatShanghaiXinhuaMiddleSchoolCAllthechildrenwithmobilephonesusuallydisappearduringlunchbreaksDLotsofstudentsusedtobebusyusingtheirmobilephonesduringlunchbreaks2Thegrade2studentthinksthatAthemobilephonesshouldbeonduringclassesBitisgoodtoplaycellphonegamessometimesCthemobilephoneishelpfultoherstudiesDitisnogoodusingthecellphoneatschool3WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassageAAllparentswelcometheschooldecisionBSomestudentscanbringmobilephonestoschoolCMedicalexpertsareagainsttheschooldecisionDNooneisallowedtobringamobilephonetoschool4ThepassagemainlytellsusAthemobilephoneisabigtroubletoteenagestudentsBtheuseofthemobilephonescancausementalproblemsCaboutabanonthemobilephonesinamiddleschoolDastoryhappeningatShanghaiXinhuaMiddleSchool答案一阅读理解题共5题1答案1B2E3G4D5F解析1好奇心是天才的一个重要特征好奇心如此重要是因为好奇心使你的思维活跃而强大它使你的头脑敏锐能观察到新思想它开辟了新的世界和可能性它给你的生活带来兴奋考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力本段中说好奇心是天才的一个重要特征最后一句提到好奇心重要的四个理由而且Why这种问句一般用reasons来回答2考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力本段的主题句是Itmakesyourmindactiveandstrong根据本段最后一句thementalexercisecausedbycuriositymakesyourmindstrongerandstronger可知由好奇心引起的智力锻炼会使你的头脑更加强大智力锻炼就是思考问题寻找答案3考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力根据本段最后一句Justthinkhowmanygreatideasmayhavelostduetolackofcuriosity想想看由于缺乏好奇心可能会丢失多少伟大的想法可知G项符合语境4考查对下文的理解和推理判断能力本段语境由于好奇你可以看到一些通常不可见的新事物它们隐藏在正常生活的表面需要好奇的头脑透过表面来寻找这些未知的东西根据其他小标题可知本题从C和D中选择D项中的possibilities更符合语境5考查对上文的理解和推理判断能力根据本段的主题句及本段的首句可知有好奇心的人的生活不会无聊总会有很多新的东西吸引他们的注意力由此可推断出有好奇心的人不会无聊他们会过着刺激不断的生活2答案1G2C3A4D5F3答案1B2A3G4D5C解析1这是一篇议论文文章讨论了建设宇宙飞船和制造机器人哪个对人们更有益最后给出制造机器人更有益的结论上文Somepeoplebelieveourtechnologyplanshouldfocusonbuildingspaceships有些人认为我们的技术计划应该集中在建造宇宙飞船上说明一些人的观点选项B其他人认为它应该专注于制造机器人承接上文阐明其他人的观点引出下文Whichisthebettercourseofaction哪个是更好的行动方案针对上面两种方案发出疑问选项中Others和上文中Somepeople相对应其中focuson词汇重叠上下文语义通顺逻辑合理2上文Butjustonespaceshipcancostbillionsofdollars但仅仅一艘宇宙飞船就可以花费数十亿美元说明了制造宇宙飞船非常昂贵选项A这比制造一个机器人成本大得多承接上文说明制造飞船比机器人贵得多引出下文Eventhemostspecializedrobotscouldbedesignedandbuiltmuchmorecheaplythanspaceships即使是最专业的机器人也可以被设计和建造得比宇宙飞船便宜得多继续介绍制造机器人的成本便宜的多选项中morecostly和下文中muchmorecheaply相对应语义通顺逻辑合理3上文Manypeoplewhofocusonfuturespaceexplorationtalkaboutsolvingthekeymysteriesofspaceandperhapsevenhowlifecomesintobeing许多关注未来太空探索的人谈论解决太空的关键奥秘甚至可能是生命是如何产生的说明关注太空的意义所在选项G虽然这种知识很有趣但它不是人们现在最需要的解释了对太空关注很有趣但并不急需上下文描述对象一致语义通顺逻辑合理4上文Robotswillplaymanynewrolesinpeopleslifeinthefuturebuteventherobotswehavenowbenefitusinpracticalways机器人将在未来的人们的生活中扮演许多新的角色但即使是我们现在的机器人在实际方面使我们受益及其举例说明机器人在实际上对我们很有益选项D这些都是现在对人们有益的事情承接上文总结上文内容说明机器人对人们有更有益选项中benefit和上文中benefit词汇重叠语义一致5下文Theyalsobenefitpeopleinwaysthataremorepracticalthananybenefitfromaspaceship它们对人们的好处比宇宙飞船的任何好处都要实际做出结论说明机器人比宇宙飞船好处更实际选项C他们更便宜开发并且更有用说明机器人更便宜更有用选项中moreuseful和下文中morepractical语义相关上下文语义一致逻辑合理4答案1A2D3B4C解析1本文是一篇人生感悟类阅读主要讲述了我们在家庭的日常生活中应该教给孩子感恩推理判断题根据第三段ShestartedbytalkingaboutwhathadgoneoninherdaythatshewasgratefulforafriendwhopraisedherworkorthequieteveningwithouttoomuchwashingThensheaskedhimifanythinggoodhappenedinhisdayHegottheideasharedafewthingsanditsoonbecameahabit她首先谈到了她一天中所发生的事情她很感激一个赞扬她工作的朋友或者一个安静的晚上没有洗太多衣服然后她问他那一天有没有什么好事发生他有了这个想法分享了一些东西很快就成了习惯可推断出作者认为感恩可能来自日常生活2段落大意题根据第二段ManyofourownparentstriedtomakeusfeelgratefulbypointingoutthehungrychildreninsomefarofflandThisoftenresultedinusofferingtosendthosechildrentheunpleasantclothesoruglytennisshoesJusthavealookaroundusweknowhowthishappenedAllaroundarematerialthingsthattheyandweareledtobelievewemusthavethatwehavearighttohave很多我们自己的父母为了让我们感到感激总是指指远方饥饿的孩子结果我们常常主动给他们送去不愉快的衣服或难看的网球鞋看看我们周围我们知道是怎么回事周围都是物质的东西他们和我们被引导相信我们必须拥有我们有权利拥有可知本段主要讲述了贫困地区儿童的状况AThesituationofchildreninpoorareas贫困地区儿童的状况BTheskillofchoosingandsendinggifts挑选和送礼的技巧CThedifferencebetweenrightandwrong对与错的区别DThereasonforchildrensfeelingungrateful孩子们不感恩的原因3推理判断题根据倒数第二段Themostimportantissimplybeinganexampleofbeinggratefulforthethingsinourownlives最重要的是做一个感恩的榜样以及ShestartedbytalkingaboutwhathadgoneoninherdaythatshewasgratefulforafriendwhopraisedherworkorthequieteveningwithouttoomuchwashingThensheaskedhimifanythinggoodhappenedinhisdayHegottheideasharedafewthingsanditsoonbecameahabit她先从她那一天发生的事情谈起很感激一个朋友赞扬了她的工作或者说是一个安静的夜晚没有洗太多衣服然后她问他白天有没有什么好的事情发生他有了这个想法分享了一些东西很快就成了习惯可知这个故事主要是为了表明父母应该给孩子们树立感恩的榜样4文章出处题阅读全文可知本文主要讲述了我们在家庭的日常生活中应该教给孩子感恩所以会出现在家庭板块结合选项ANews新闻BJobs工作CFamily家庭DArts艺术5答案1D2D3B4C解析1这是一篇议论文上海新华中学禁止学生带手机到学校这一禁令收到了学生家长和专家的一致欢迎推理判断题由第一段中的Thecommonsightofcrowdsofchildrenchattingontheirphonesorsendingshortmessageshasdisappeared常见的一群群孩子在手机上聊天发信息的现象已经消失了可知以前的午饭时间很多学生经常忙着使用手机2细节理解题由第二段中这名二年级学生的话Icouldntconcentrate集中精力duringclassesifthecellphonewaswithmeIcouldnthelpcheckingifthereweremessagesormissedphonecallsIevenplayedgamesonthephonesometimes如果我带着手机我在课堂上无法集中注意力我会情不自禁地去查看有没有信息或者未接电话甚至有时我在手机上玩游戏可知这名学生认为在学校使用手机是没有好处的3细节理解题由第三段中的Theschoolisalsoflexible灵活的incarryingouttheplanThosestudentswholivefarfromschoolareallowedtobringmobilephonestocontacttheirparents学校在执行这一计划时也是灵活的那些住的离学校远的学生也被允许带手机来学校以便联系他们的父母可知一些学生是可以将手机带到学校的4主旨大意题这篇文章第一段通过午饭时间的现象引出学校禁止带手机这一规定第二段第三段第四段分别讲述了学生家长及一些专家对这一规定的看法所以整篇文章是围绕上海新华中学的这一禁令展开的