2023届高考英语三轮复习·冲刺押题·外刊阅读理解训练 (14)（含答案）.doc

2023届高考英语三轮复习·冲刺押题 外刊阅读理解训练14 ——改编自18 percent of U.S. adults use medication to help them sleep 【文章】 According to a recent report, around 18 percent of adults in the United States take some form of medication to help them sleep. Women are more likely to take these medications than men, and usage increases with age. Many people with insomnia turn to medication for relief, but health experts recommend against long-term use due to potential side effects and interactions with other medications. Cognitive behavioral therapy and lifestyle changes, such as avoiding nicotine and caffeine, setting a consistent sleep schedule, reducing screen time before bed, and avoiding afternoon napping can help alleviate insomnia. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that most adults get at least seven hours of sleep each night. However, about a third of adults do not get enough sleep, which can increase the risk of developing various health issues such as heart disease, obesity, and dementia. Stress is a common reason for sleep loss, with nearly two-thirds of adults reporting that it affects their sleep quality. Getting regular, sufficient sleep is essential for both physical and mental health. It can benefit brain function, mood, and overall well-being. Sleep experts often emphasize that sleep is just as important as a healthy diet and exercise. In summary, many adults in the United States take medication to help them sleep, but there are potential risks and drawbacks associated with long-term usage. Behavioral and lifestyle modifications can be effective alternatives. Getting sufficient sleep is critical for overall health, and individuals who struggle with sleep should consider seeking guidance from medical professionals. 【重点词汇&词组】 according [əˈkɔːrdɪŋ] prep. 根据；按照 recent [ˈriːsnt] adj. 最近的，新近发生的 medication [ˌmedɪˈkeɪʃn] n. 药物治疗；医药品 insomnia [ɪnˈsɑːmniə] n. 失眠症，失眠 relief [rɪˈliːf] n. 缓解，减轻 health [helθ] n. 健康，健康状况 recommend [ˌrekəˈmend] v. 推荐，建议 potential [pəˈtenʃl] adj. 潜在的，可能的 interaction [ˌɪntərˈækʃn] n. 相互作用，影响 cognitive [ˈkɑːɡnətɪv] adj. 认知的，认识的 behavioral [bɪˈheɪvjərəl] adj. 行为的，行动的 lifestyle [ˈlaɪfstaɪl] n. 生活方式，生活习惯 caffeine [ˈkæfiːn] n. 咖啡因 consistent [kənˈsɪstənt] adj. 一致的，持续的 schedule [ˈskedjuːl] n. 时间表，日程安排 screen [skriːn] n. 屏幕，幕墙 afternoon [ˌæftərˈnuːn] n. 下午，午后 insufficient [ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃnt] adj. 不充足的，不足的 obesity [oʊˈbiːsəti] n. 肥胖，肥大 dementia [dɪˈmenʃə] n. 痴呆 stress [stres] n. 压力，紧张 quality [ˈkwɑːləti] n. 质量，品质 benefit [ˈbenɪfɪt] v. 受益于，有利于 function [ˈfʌŋkʃn] n. 功能，作用 overall [ˌoʊvərˈɔːl] adj. 整体的，全面的 guidance [ˈɡaɪdns] n. 指导，引导 medical [ˈmedɪkl] adj. 医疗的，医学的 professional [prəˈfeʃənl] adj. 专业的，职业的 【阅读理解习题】 1. What percentage of adults in the United States take medication to help them sleep? A. Around 18 percent. B. Almost a third. C. Over 50 percent. D. Less than 5 percent. 答案：A 中文解析：大约有18%的美国成年人服用药物来帮助他们入睡。 2. Who is more likely to take medication to help them sleep? A. Men. B. Women. C. Children. D. Elderly people. 答案：B 中文解析：相较于男性，女性更可能服用药物来帮助她们入睡。 3. What do health experts recommend against regarding medication for insomnia? A. Short-term use. B. Long-term use. C. Moderate use. D. Use only in emergency situations. 答案：B 中文解析：健康专家不推荐长期使用药物缓解失眠症状，因为药物可能带来潜在的副作用并与其他药物相互作用。 4. What are some alternative methods to medication for insomnia relief? A. Cognitive behavioral therapy and lifestyle changes. B. More medication from different sources. C. More nicotine and caffeine. D. Irregular sleep schedules. 答案：A 中文解析：除了药物，认知行为疗法和生活方式的改变，如避免尼古丁和咖啡因、制定一致的睡眠计划、减少睡前的电子设备使用和避免午后小睡都可以缓解失眠。 5. What is the recommended amount of nightly sleep according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention? A. At least seven hours. B. At most seven hours. C. At least five hours. D. At most five hours. 答案：A 中文解析：美国疾病控制和预防中心建议大多数成年人每晚至少要睡七个小时。 6. What are some potential health issues associated with lack of sleep? A. Heart disease, obesity, and dementia. B. COVID-19, cancer, and diabetes. C. Common cold, flu, and headache. D. Joint pain, muscle weakness, and osteoporosis. 答案：A 中文解析：缺乏睡眠可能会增加患上多种健康问题的风险，如心脏病、肥胖症和痴呆。 7. What is a common reason for sleep loss? A. A consistent sleep schedule. B. Afternoon napping. C. Exercise routine. D. Stress. 答案：D 中文解析：压力是失眠的常见原因，近两成的成年人报告称它影响了他们的睡眠质量。 8. How important is sleep for overall health? A. It is just as important as a healthy diet and exercise. B. It is less important than a healthy diet and exercise. C. It is more important than a healthy diet an