2023届高考英语三轮复习·冲刺押题·外刊阅读理解训练 (53)（含答案）.doc

2023届高考英语三轮复习·冲刺押题 外刊阅读理解训练53 ——改编自Heart and soul 【文章】 Attempts to link personality traits with musical preferences have previously failed due to small sample sizes and culturally homogenous samples. However, a recent study by Jason Rentfrow at Cambridge University and Gideon Nave of the University of Pennsylvania indicates that personality traits can indeed predict musical preferences. To ensure a diverse sample size, the researchers recruited 22,252 participants from around the world through the internet, with 45% being over 22 years old. Participants were presented with 25 excerpts of music that had been assessed and classified by expert musicologists. Each participant then completed a standard personality test to rate their level of openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. The study found that openness was associated with a preference for “sophisticated” music, which is characterized by being inspiring, complex, and dynamic. Conversely, individuals who scored high in openness showed a lack of appreciation for “mellow” and “contemporary” music. Extroverts displayed a preference for “unpretentious” music that was uncomplicated, relaxing, and acoustic. Agreeable individuals rated all music clips highly, regardless of genre, while those with elevated neuroticism scores rated everything negatively. Interestingly, only conscientiousness failed to predict musical taste in any way. This study provides evidence that personality traits can predict musical preferences when a large and diverse sample is used. It suggests that people with certain personality traits may be drawn to different styles of music. For example, individuals who score high in openness may prefer music that is more complex, while extroverts may prefer acoustic and relaxing music. However, it is important to note that not everyone will fit into these categories, and factors such as personal experiences and cultural background may also influence musical preferences. 【重点词汇&词组】 1. personality (n.) - 个性 2. traits (n.) - 特质 3. musical (adj.) - 音乐的 4. preferences (n.) - 偏好 5. failed (v.) - 失败了 6. sample (n.) - 样本 7. sizes (n.) - 大小 8. culturally (adv.) - 文化上 9. homogenous (adj.) - 同质的 10. study (n.) - 研究 11. recruited (v.) - 招募 12. participants (n.) - 参与者 13. internet (n.) - 互联网 14. assessed (v.) - 评估 15. classified (v.) - 分类的 16. expert (adj.) - 专家 17. musicologists (n.) - 音乐学家 18. completed (v.) - 完成 19. standard (adj.) - 标准的 20. rate (v.) - 评价 21. openness (n.) - 开放性 22. preference (n.) - 喜好 23. sophisticated (adj.) - 复杂的 24. inspiring (adj.) - 鼓舞人心的 25. complex (adj.) - 复杂的 26. dynamic (adj.) - 动态的 27. appreciation (n.) - 欣赏 28. mellow (adj.) - 悠闲的 29. contemporary (adj.) - 当代的 30. extroverts (n.) - 性格外向者 31. unpretentious (adj.) - 不炫耀的 32. uncomplicated (adj.) - 简单的 33. relaxing (adj.) - 放松的 34. acoustic (adj.) - 声学的 35. agreeable (adj.) - 和蔼可亲的 36. neuroticism (n.) - 神经质 37. scores (n.) - 分数 38. predict (v.) - 预测 39. evidence (n.) - 证据 40. suggests (v.) - 暗示 41. drawn (v.) - 吸引 42. styles (n.) - 风格 43. categories (n.) - 类别 44. personal (adj.) - 个人的 45. experiences (n.) - 经验 46. cultural (adj.) - 文化的 47. background (n.) - 背景 48. influence (v.) - 影响 49. diversity (n.) - 多样性 50. elevated (adj.) - 提高的 【阅读理解习题】 1. Why did previous attempts to connect personality traits with musical preferences fail? A. Because people were not interested in participating in the research. B. Because the researchers did not recruit enough participants from different places. C. Because the participants were not presented with a wide variety of music genres. D. The answer is not mentioned in the article. Answer: B 解析：文章提到之前的研究失败是由于样本太小和文化同质性，这个时候只要理解其中homogenous samples即可解答出正确选项。 2. How many participants did the researchers recruit for their study? A. 22,252 B. 5,000+ C. 45% D. It is not stated in the article. Answer: A 解析：文章提到研究者在互联网上招募了来自全球的22,252名参与者。 3. Which personality trait is linked to a preference for “sophisticated” music? A. Neuroticism B. Agreeableness C. Conscientiousness D. Openness Answer: D 解析：文章指出开放性（openness）的人更容易喜欢"复杂"琴声的音乐。 4. What kind of music do individuals who score high on conscientiousness prefer, according to the study? A. Sophisticated and inspiring music. B. Uncomplicated and relaxing music. C. Music of any genre. D. The study did not find a connection between conscientiousness and musical preference. Answer: D 解析：文章指出唯一一个没有被发现以任何方式影响音乐品味的人格特质为责任心（conscientiousness），因此应该选择D选项。 5. How did the researchers assess the music excerpts used in the study? A. They were classified by expert musicologists. B. They were chosen based on personal preferences. C. They were selected randomly from different genres. D. They were created specifically for the study. Answer: A 解析：文章提到研究使用的25段音乐片段是由专家音乐学家评估和分类的。 6. Who preferred "unpretentious" music in the study? A. Neurotic individuals. B. Agreeable individuals. C. Extroverts. D. Individuals with high levels of conscientiousness. Answer: C 解析：文章指出外向性的人对“不矫揉造作”的音乐更感兴趣，因此应选择C选项。 7. Will everyone fit into the personality categories outlined in the study? A. Yes, because the study provides definitive evidence for musical preference. B. No, because personal experiences and cultural background may also influence musical preference. C. Yes, because the study's sample size was diverse enough. D. No, because the study only focused on age as a diversity factor. Answer: B 解析：虽然这个研究表明人格特质可以预测音乐喜好，但它强调并非每个人都适合上述模型，并且其他个人因素也可能影响音乐偏好。此题答案为B。 8. What is the main point of the article? A. Personality traits can accurately predict musical preferences. B. Previous research linking personality traits and musical preferen