2024年英语中考一轮高频词汇复习 List17（含解析）.doc

List 17 LIST 17

单词 音标 词性 中文释义 improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ v. 提高；改善 insist /ɪnˈsɪst / v. 坚持；坚称 joy /dʒɔɪ/ n. 高兴；愉快 jump / dʒʌmp/ v.&n. 跳，跃；跳过 joke / dʒəʊk / adj. 玩笑，笑话 journey / dʒɜːni / v.&n. 旅行，旅程 judge /dʒʌdʒ/ v.n. 认为；裁判法官，审判官 kill /kɪl/ v.&n. 杀死；折磨 know /nəʊ/ v. 知道；了解
单词一：influence /ˈɪnfluəns/ v.&n. 影响；作用 e.g. (1) The media has a powerful influence on public opinion. 传媒对于舆论有很大的影响。→影响 （2）The wording of questions can influence how people answer. 问题的措辞会影响人们的回答。→影响 【常考点回顾】
【小试牛刀】 1．Van Gogh had great influence ______ the development of modern painting. A．for B．on C．at D．in 2．The modern world ________ by Plato’s writings about life, art and science today. A．will influence B．influenced C．was influenced D．is influenced 3．Confucius was a great teacher and thinker. Even now we ________ by his ideas. A．will influence B．will be influenced C．influence D．are influenced 4．The newspaper has picked out some events that mattered to the world last year and ________ our world for years to come. A．influence B．influenced C．will influence D．have influenced 【真题链接1】 5．Poor sleep has an ________ on our memory and learning. A．influence B．introduction C．instruction D．information 【真题链接2】 6．“一代一路”产生了巨大的社会影响。 The Belt & Road Initiative has had a great . 【真题链接3】 7．Something can (影响) the way we behave with our families. 单词二： instead / ɪnˈsted / adv. 代替 e.g. Now I can walk to work instead of going by car. 现在我可以步行去上班，而不必开车了。→代替 【常考点回顾】
【小试牛刀】 8．Sally doesn’t eat KFC for breakfast. She has some milk and bread (代替). 9．We should encourage them (代替) of throwing cold water on them. 10．Jim reached for a cup of coffee but didn’t drink. ________, he passed it to me. A．Instead B．Instead of C．Because D．Because of 11．We have no coffee. Would you like tea i ? 【真题链接1】 12．They’d like to go sightseeing （而不是） of staying at the hotel. 【真题链接2】 13．Paul didn't drive to the museum. I , he rode his bike. 【真题链接3】 14．— To lose weight, I have to be on a diet. — You’d better not. ________, you should take exercise. A．Instead B．However C．Therefore 单词三： interest / ˈɪntrəst / n. 兴趣；爱好 v. 对……感兴趣 e.g. (1) There has been a lively interest in the elections in the last two weeks. 过去两周人们对选举一直有强烈的兴趣。→兴趣 (2) Your financial problems do not interest me. 我对你的财务问题不感兴趣。→对……感兴趣 【拓展】
【常考点回顾】
【小试牛刀】 15．He showed great （兴趣）in the stamp. 16．Perhaps English is difficult to learn, but remember i (兴趣) is the best teacher. 17．Jack, don’t leave the room in a mess. I (tell) you many times. 18．People in many foreign countries have parties on Chinese New Year’s Eve now. It means a growing ________ in Chinese culture around the world. A．direction B．habit C．dream D．interest 19．She spends her free time singing and painting. Her main i are music and art. 【真题链接1】 20．—The government is trying to develop winter sports for the 2022 Winter Olympics. —No wonder people are showing more ________ in them. A．warmth B．interest C．victory D．standard 【真题链接2】 21．—I have great ________ in learning Chemistry and I am so worried. Could you help me? —Sure. I would be glad to. A．interest B．trouble C．fun D．joy 【真题链接3】 22．他对音乐一点兴趣都没有。 He has music at all. 单词四： interview /ˈɪntəvju / v.&n. 采访；面试 e.g. (1) She has just taped an interview. 她刚刚录制了一次采访。→采访 (2) I felt really nervous before the interview. 面试前我感到惶恐不安。→面试 【拓展】
【小试牛刀】 23．Lily is having an (采访) with the famous director. 24．Sally became a member of the company after the job .（面试） 25．—Mr. Smith is such a humorous teacher that everyone loves him very much. —That’s for sure. He _______ by reporters tomorrow. A．interviews B．interviewed C．is interviewed D．will be interviewed 26．Tomorrow morning they are going to (采访) a great scientist. 【真题链接1】 27．We are going to （采访）the famous writer next week. 【真题链接2】 28．She has (采访) many famous people since she became a reporter four years ago. 【真题链接3】 29．—Mr. Wang is very famous in our school. —That's for sure. He ________ by reporters tomorrow. A．interviews B．interviewed C．is interviewed D．will be interviewed 单词五： introduce /ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs / v. 介绍；引进 e.g. (1) It gives me great pleasure to introduce our guest speaker. 我很荣幸来介绍我们的特约演讲人。→介绍 【拓展】
【小试牛刀】 30．Sorry, I forget to (介绍) her to you. This is my friend, Emma. 31．More sharing fridges (introduce) to reduce food waste in China soon. 32．I want to know the boy over there. Can you him to me? 33．— I want to get to know Lisa. — OK, let me ________ you to her. A．accept B．offer C．introduce 【真题链接1】 34．Beijing opera (introduce) to more people around the world during the 2020 Mei Lanfang Art Festival. 【真题链接2】 35．—How's it going, Tina? —Great. My company has ________ me a good job. A．offered B．provided C．introduced D．discovered 【真题链接3】 36．3D打印技术发展迅速，许多专家建议把这项技术介绍给更多的中学生。 The 3-D printing is developing fast. Many experts suggest that it should be to more middle school students. 单词六： invent / ɪnˈvent / v. 发明；创造 e.g. (1) Who invented the steam engine? 谁发明了蒸汽机？→发明 【拓展】
【小试牛刀】 37．It is believed that Mozi was the first to (发明) kites. 38．These engineers i a new kind of energy-saving car last year. 39．The camera was one of the greatest (invent) in the 19th century. 40．Daniel finally made his dream of becoming an (invent) come true. 【真题链接1】 41．How many of you ever dreamed of becoming an (invent)? 【真题链接2】 42．The telephone _______ by Alexander Graham Bell. A．was invented B．invents C．invented 【真题链接3】 43．It is reported that the new robot ________ by a middle school student three years ago. A．invented B．invents C．was invented D．is invented

参考答案： 1．B 【详解】句意：梵高对现代绘画的发展有很大的影响。 本题考查介词。for为了，on在……上面，at在，in在……里。have great influence on对……有很大的影响，故选B。 2．D 【详解】句意：如今，现代世界受到柏拉图关于生活、艺术和科学的著作的影响。 考查一般现在时被动语态。根据“today”可知，此句用一般现在时，主语“The modern world”与动词“influence”之间是被动关系，故此处用一般现在时被动语态，故选D。 3．D 【详解】句意：孔子是一个伟大的老师和思想家。甚至现在我们还被他的想法所影响。 will influence将会影响，一般将来时；will be influenced将被影响，一般将来时的被动语态；influence影响，动词原形；are influenced一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知，主语we与动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态，先排除A和C。根据句中的时间状语Even now可知，应用一般现在时态。故选D。 4．C 【详解】句意：这家报纸评出了一些去年对世界很重要并将在未来几年影响我们的世界的事件。 A. influence影响，动词原形；B. influenced影响，动词过去式；C. will influence将影响，一般将来时；D. have influenced已经影响，现在完成时。years to come表示“未来几年”，是一般将来时的标志，其结构为：will＋动词原形。故选C。 5．A 【详解】句意：睡眠不好会影响我们的记忆力和学习能力。 考查名词辨析。influence影响；introduction介绍；instruction说明；information信息。根据“Poor sleep has an … on our memory and learning”及常识可知，睡不好会影响记忆力和学习能力，故选A。 6．social influence 【详解】影响influence，不定冠词a后接其单数；“社会”译为形容词social，作定语修饰名词influence。故填social influence。 7．influence 【详解】句意：有些事情会影响我们与家人相处的方式。influence“影响”,动词，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填influence。 8．instead 【详解】句意：莎莉早餐不吃肯德基，她吃一些牛奶和面包。instead“代替”，副词作状语用在句末，故填instead。 9．instead 【详解】句意：我们应该鼓励他们，而不是给他们泼冷水。instead“代替”，instead of doing sth“而不是做某事”，故填instead。 10．A 【详解】句意：吉姆伸手去拿一杯咖啡，但没喝。相反，他把它递给了我。 考查词汇辨析。Instead相反；Instead of代替，而不是；Because因为，后接句子；Because of因为，后接名词性短语等。根据“but didn’t drink. ..., he passed it to me”可知自己没喝，反而递给了“我”，空后有逗号，此处用副词Instead。故选A。 11．(i)nstead 【详解】句意：我们没有咖啡。你想喝茶吗？根据“We have no coffee.”可知问以茶代替可以吗，用instead表示“代替”。故填(i)nstead。 12．instead 【详解】句意：他们想去观光而不是住在